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package jsr166y; |
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/** |
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* A resultless {@link ForkJoinTask} with a completion action |
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* A {@link ForkJoinTask} with a completion action |
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* performed when triggered and there are no remaining pending |
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* actions. Uses of CountedCompleter are similar to those of other |
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* completion based components (such as {@link |
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* #tryComplete}, if the pending action count is nonzero, it is |
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* decremented; otherwise, the completion action is performed, and if |
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* this completer itself has a completer, the process is continued |
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* with its completer. As is the case with most basic synchronization |
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* constructs, these methods affect only internal counts; they do not |
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* establish any further internal bookkeeping. In particular, the |
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* identities of pending tasks are not maintained. As illustrated |
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* below, you can create subclasses that do record some or all pended |
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* tasks or their results when needed. |
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* with its completer. As is the case with related synchronization |
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* components such as {@link java.util.concurrent.Phaser Phaser} and |
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* {@link java.util.concurrent.Semaphore Semaphore}, these methods |
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* affect only internal counts; they do not establish any further |
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* internal bookkeeping. In particular, the identities of pending |
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* tasks are not maintained. As illustrated below, you can create |
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* subclasses that do record some or all pending tasks or their |
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* results when needed. |
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* |
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* <p>A concrete CountedCompleter class must define method {@link |
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* #compute}, that should, in almost all use cases, invoke {@code |
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* tryComplete()} before returning. The class may also optionally |
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* tryComplete()} once before returning. The class may also optionally |
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* override method {@link #onCompletion} to perform an action upon |
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* normal completion. |
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* normal completion, and method {@link #onExceptionalCompletion} to |
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* perform an action upon any exception. |
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* |
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* <p>CountedCompleters most often do not bear results, in which case |
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* they are normally declared as {@code CountedCompleter<Void>}, and |
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* will always return {@code null} as a result value. In other cases, |
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* you should override method {@link #getRawResult} to provide a |
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* result from {@code join(), invoke()}, and related methods. (Method |
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* {@link #setRawResult} by default plays no role in CountedCompleters |
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* but may be overridden for example to maintain fields holding result |
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* data.) |
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* |
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* <p>A CountedCompleter that does not itself have a completer (i.e., |
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* one for which {@link #getCompleter} returns {@code null}) can be |
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* {@link #complete}, {@link ForkJoinTask#cancel}, {@link |
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* ForkJoinTask#completeExceptionally} or upon exceptional completion |
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* of method {@code compute}. Upon any exceptional completion, the |
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* exception is relayed to a task's completer (and its completer, and |
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* so on), if one exists and it has not otherwise already completed. |
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* exception may be relayed to a task's completer (and its completer, |
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* and so on), if one exists and it has not otherwise already |
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* completed. |
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* |
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* <p><b>Sample Usages.</b> |
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* |
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* <p><b>Parallel recursive decomposition.</b> CountedCompleters may |
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* be arranged in trees similar to those often used with {@link |
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* RecursiveAction}s, although the constructions involved in setting |
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* them up typically vary. Even though they entail a bit more |
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* them up typically vary. Here, the completer of each task is its |
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* parent in the computation tree. Even though they entail a bit more |
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* bookkeeping, CountedCompleters may be better choices when applying |
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* a possibly time-consuming operation (that cannot be further |
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* subdivided) to each element of an array or collection; especially |
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* <pre> {@code |
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* class MyOperation<E> { void apply(E e) { ... } } |
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* |
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* class ForEach<E> extends CountedCompleter { |
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> |
* class ForEach<E> extends CountedCompleter<Void> { |
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* |
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* public static <E> void forEach(ForkJoinPool pool, E[] array, MyOperation<E> op) { |
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* pool.invoke(new ForEach<E>(null, array, op, 0, array.length)); |
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* } |
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* |
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* final E[] array; final MyOperation<E> op; final int lo, hi; |
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* ForEach(CountedCompleter p, E[] array, MyOperation<E> op, int lo, int hi) { |
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> |
* ForEach(CountedCompleter<?> p, E[] array, MyOperation<E> op, int lo, int hi) { |
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* super(p); |
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* this.array = array; this.op = op; this.lo = lo; this.hi = hi; |
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* } |
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* |
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* As a further improvement, notice that the left task need not even |
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* exist. Instead of creating a new one, we can iterate using the |
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* original task, and add a pending count for each fork: |
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* original task, and add a pending count for each fork. |
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* |
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* <pre> {@code |
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* class ForEach<E> ... |
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* and reductions are all of type {@code E}), one way to do this in |
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* divide and conquer designs is to have each subtask record its |
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* sibling, so that it can be accessed in method {@code onCompletion}. |
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* For clarity, this class uses explicit left and right subtasks, but |
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* variants of other streamlinings seen in the above example may also |
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* apply. |
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* This technique applies to reductions in which the order of |
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* combining left and right results does not matter; ordered |
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* reductions require explicit left/right designations. Variants of |
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* other streamlinings seen in the above examples may also apply. |
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* |
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* <pre> {@code |
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* class MyMapper<E> { E apply(E v) { ... } } |
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* class MyReducer<E> { E apply(E x, E y) { ... } } |
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* class MapReducer<E> extends CountedCompleter { |
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> |
* class MapReducer<E> extends CountedCompleter<E> { |
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* final E[] array; final MyMapper<E> mapper; |
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* final MyReducer<E> reducer; final int lo, hi; |
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* MapReducer sibling; |
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* MapReducer<E> sibling; |
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* E result; |
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* MapReducer(CountedCompleter p, E[] array, MyMapper<E> mapper, |
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* MyReducer<E> reducer, int lo, int hi) { |
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* result = reducer.apply(child.result, sib.result); |
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* } |
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* } |
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* public E getRawResult() { return result; } |
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* |
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* public static <E> E mapReduce(ForkJoinPool pool, E[] array, |
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* MyMapper<E> mapper, MyReducer<E> reducer) { |
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* MapReducer<E> mr = new MapReducer<E>(null, array, mapper, |
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* reducer, 0, array.length); |
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* pool.invoke(mr); |
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* return mr.result; |
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> |
* return pool.invoke(new MapReducer<E>(null, array, mapper, |
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* reducer, 0, array.length)); |
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* } |
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* } }</pre> |
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* |
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* triggers another async task. For example: |
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* |
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* <pre> {@code |
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* class HeaderBuilder extends CountedCompleter { ... } |
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* class BodyBuilder extends CountedCompleter { ... } |
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* class PacketSender extends CountedCompleter { |
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> |
* class HeaderBuilder extends CountedCompleter<...> { ... } |
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> |
* class BodyBuilder extends CountedCompleter<...> { ... } |
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> |
* class PacketSender extends CountedCompleter<...> { |
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* PacketSender(...) { super(null, 1); ... } // trigger on second completion |
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* public void compute() { } // never called |
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* public void onCompletion(CountedCompleter caller) { sendPacket(); } |
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> |
* public void onCompletion(CountedCompleter<?> caller) { sendPacket(); } |
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* } |
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* // sample use: |
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* PacketSender p = new PacketSender(); |
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* @since 1.8 |
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* @author Doug Lea |
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*/ |
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< |
public abstract class CountedCompleter extends ForkJoinTask<Void> { |
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> |
public abstract class CountedCompleter<T> extends ForkJoinTask<T> { |
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> |
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5232453752276485070L; |
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> |
|
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/** This task's completer, or null if none */ |
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final CountedCompleter completer; |
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final CountedCompleter<?> completer; |
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/** The number of pending tasks until completion */ |
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volatile int pending; |
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* @param completer this tasks completer, or {@code null} if none |
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* @param initialPendingCount the initial pending count |
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*/ |
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protected CountedCompleter(CountedCompleter completer, |
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> |
protected CountedCompleter(CountedCompleter<?> completer, |
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int initialPendingCount) { |
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this.completer = completer; |
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this.pending = initialPendingCount; |
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* |
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* @param completer this tasks completer, or {@code null} if none |
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*/ |
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< |
protected CountedCompleter(CountedCompleter completer) { |
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> |
protected CountedCompleter(CountedCompleter<?> completer) { |
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this.completer = completer; |
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} |
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|
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public abstract void compute(); |
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|
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/** |
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< |
* Executes the completion action when method {@link #tryComplete} |
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< |
* is invoked and there are no pending counts, or when the |
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< |
* unconditional method {@link #complete} is invoked. By default, |
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< |
* this method does nothing. |
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> |
* Performs an action when method {@link #tryComplete} is invoked |
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> |
* and there are no pending counts, or when the unconditional |
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> |
* method {@link #complete} is invoked. By default, this method |
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> |
* does nothing. |
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* |
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* @param caller the task invoking this method (which may |
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* be this task itself). |
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*/ |
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< |
public void onCompletion(CountedCompleter caller) { |
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> |
public void onCompletion(CountedCompleter<?> caller) { |
| 307 |
> |
} |
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> |
|
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> |
/** |
| 310 |
> |
* Performs an action when method {@link #completeExceptionally} |
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> |
* is invoked or method {@link #compute} throws an exception, and |
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> |
* this task has not otherwise already completed normally. On |
| 313 |
> |
* entry to this method, this task {@link |
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> |
* ForkJoinTask#isCompletedAbnormally}. The return value of this |
| 315 |
> |
* method controls further propagation: If {@code true} and this |
| 316 |
> |
* task has a completer, then this completer is also completed |
| 317 |
> |
* exceptionally. The default implementation of this method does |
| 318 |
> |
* nothing except return {@code true}. |
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> |
* |
| 320 |
> |
* @param ex the exception |
| 321 |
> |
* @param caller the task invoking this method (which may |
| 322 |
> |
* be this task itself). |
| 323 |
> |
* @return true if this exception should be propagated to this |
| 324 |
> |
* tasks completer, if one exists. |
| 325 |
> |
*/ |
| 326 |
> |
public boolean onExceptionalCompletion(Throwable ex, CountedCompleter<?> caller) { |
| 327 |
> |
return true; |
| 328 |
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} |
| 329 |
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|
| 330 |
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/** |
| 333 |
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* |
| 334 |
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* @return the completer |
| 335 |
|
*/ |
| 336 |
< |
public final CountedCompleter getCompleter() { |
| 336 |
> |
public final CountedCompleter<?> getCompleter() { |
| 337 |
|
return completer; |
| 338 |
|
} |
| 339 |
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|
| 378 |
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} |
| 379 |
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|
| 380 |
|
/** |
| 381 |
+ |
* Returns the root of the current computation; i.e., this |
| 382 |
+ |
* task if it has no completer, else its completer's root. |
| 383 |
+ |
* |
| 384 |
+ |
* @return the root of the current computation |
| 385 |
+ |
*/ |
| 386 |
+ |
public final CountedCompleter<?> getRoot() { |
| 387 |
+ |
CountedCompleter<?> a = this, p; |
| 388 |
+ |
while ((p = a.completer) != null) |
| 389 |
+ |
a = p; |
| 390 |
+ |
return a; |
| 391 |
+ |
} |
| 392 |
+ |
|
| 393 |
+ |
/** |
| 394 |
|
* If the pending count is nonzero, decrements the count; |
| 395 |
|
* otherwise invokes {@link #onCompletion} and then similarly |
| 396 |
|
* tries to complete this task's completer, if one exists, |
| 397 |
|
* else marks this task as complete. |
| 398 |
|
*/ |
| 399 |
|
public final void tryComplete() { |
| 400 |
< |
for (CountedCompleter a = this, s = a;;) { |
| 401 |
< |
int c; |
| 400 |
> |
CountedCompleter<?> a = this, s = a; |
| 401 |
> |
for (int c;;) { |
| 402 |
|
if ((c = a.pending) == 0) { |
| 403 |
|
a.onCompletion(s); |
| 404 |
|
if ((a = (s = a).completer) == null) { |
| 413 |
|
|
| 414 |
|
/** |
| 415 |
|
* Regardless of pending count, invokes {@link #onCompletion}, |
| 416 |
< |
* marks this task as complete with a {@code null} return value, |
| 417 |
< |
* and further triggers {@link #tryComplete} on this task's |
| 418 |
< |
* completer, if one exists. This method may be useful when |
| 419 |
< |
* forcing completion as soon as any one (versus all) of several |
| 420 |
< |
* subtask results are obtained. |
| 416 |
> |
* marks this task as complete and further triggers {@link |
| 417 |
> |
* #tryComplete} on this task's completer, if one exists. This |
| 418 |
> |
* method may be useful when forcing completion as soon as any one |
| 419 |
> |
* (versus all) of several subtask results are obtained. The |
| 420 |
> |
* given rawResult is used as an argument to {@link #setRawResult} |
| 421 |
> |
* before marking this task as complete; its value is meaningful |
| 422 |
> |
* only for classes overriding {@code setRawResult}. |
| 423 |
|
* |
| 424 |
< |
* @param mustBeNull the {@code null} completion value |
| 424 |
> |
* @param rawResult the raw result |
| 425 |
|
*/ |
| 426 |
< |
public void complete(Void mustBeNull) { |
| 427 |
< |
CountedCompleter p; |
| 426 |
> |
public void complete(T rawResult) { |
| 427 |
> |
CountedCompleter<?> p; |
| 428 |
|
onCompletion(this); |
| 429 |
+ |
setRawResult(rawResult); |
| 430 |
|
quietlyComplete(); |
| 431 |
|
if ((p = completer) != null) |
| 432 |
|
p.tryComplete(); |
| 433 |
|
} |
| 434 |
|
|
| 435 |
|
/** |
| 436 |
+ |
* Support for FJT exception propagation |
| 437 |
+ |
*/ |
| 438 |
+ |
void internalPropagateException(Throwable ex) { |
| 439 |
+ |
CountedCompleter<?> a = this, s = a; |
| 440 |
+ |
while (a.onExceptionalCompletion(ex, s) && |
| 441 |
+ |
(a = (s = a).completer) != null && a.status >= 0) |
| 442 |
+ |
a.recordExceptionalCompletion(ex); |
| 443 |
+ |
} |
| 444 |
+ |
|
| 445 |
+ |
/** |
| 446 |
|
* Implements execution conventions for CountedCompleters |
| 447 |
|
*/ |
| 448 |
|
protected final boolean exec() { |
| 451 |
|
} |
| 452 |
|
|
| 453 |
|
/** |
| 454 |
< |
* Always returns {@code null}. |
| 454 |
> |
* Returns the result of the computation. By default |
| 455 |
> |
* returns {@code null}, which is appropriate for {@code Void} |
| 456 |
> |
* actions, but in other cases should be overridden. |
| 457 |
|
* |
| 458 |
< |
* @return {@code null} always |
| 458 |
> |
* @return the result of the computation |
| 459 |
|
*/ |
| 460 |
< |
public final Void getRawResult() { return null; } |
| 460 |
> |
public T getRawResult() { return null; } |
| 461 |
|
|
| 462 |
|
/** |
| 463 |
< |
* Requires null completion value. |
| 463 |
> |
* A method that result-bearing CountedCompleters may optionally |
| 464 |
> |
* use to help maintain result data. By default, does nothing. |
| 465 |
|
*/ |
| 466 |
< |
protected final void setRawResult(Void mustBeNull) { } |
| 401 |
< |
|
| 402 |
< |
/** |
| 403 |
< |
* Support for FJT exception propagation |
| 404 |
< |
*/ |
| 405 |
< |
final ForkJoinTask<?> internalGetCompleter() { return completer; } |
| 466 |
> |
protected void setRawResult(T t) { } |
| 467 |
|
|
| 468 |
|
// Unsafe mechanics |
| 469 |
|
private static final sun.misc.Unsafe U; |
| 477 |
|
throw new Error(e); |
| 478 |
|
} |
| 479 |
|
} |
| 419 |
– |
|
| 420 |
– |
|
| 480 |
|
/** |
| 481 |
|
* Returns a sun.misc.Unsafe. Suitable for use in a 3rd party package. |
| 482 |
|
* Replace with a simple call to Unsafe.getUnsafe when integrating |
