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Comparing jsr166/src/jsr166y/ForkJoinTask.java (file contents):
Revision 1.2 by dl, Wed Jan 7 16:07:37 2009 UTC vs.
Revision 1.99 by jsr166, Wed Jan 9 02:51:37 2013 UTC

#	Line 1 | Line 1
1		/*
2		* Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166
3		* Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at
4	<	* http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain
4	>	* http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
5		*/
6
7		package jsr166y;
8	+
9		import java.io.Serializable;
10	<	import java.util.*;
11	<	import java.util.concurrent.*;
12	<	import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;
13	<	import sun.misc.Unsafe;
14	<	import java.lang.reflect.*;
10	>	import java.util.Collection;
11	>	import java.util.List;
12	>	import java.util.RandomAccess;
13	>	import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
14	>	import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;
15	>	import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
16	>	import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;
17	>	import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
18	>	import java.util.concurrent.Future;
19	>	import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
20	>	import java.util.concurrent.RunnableFuture;
21	>	import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
22	>	import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
23	>	import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
24	>	import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
25
26		/**
27	<	* Abstract base class for tasks that run within a {@link
28	<	* ForkJoinPool}.  A ForkJoinTask is a thread-like entity that is much
27	>	* Abstract base class for tasks that run within a {@link ForkJoinPool}.
28	>	* A {@code ForkJoinTask} is a thread-like entity that is much
29		* lighter weight than a normal thread.  Huge numbers of tasks and
30		* subtasks may be hosted by a small number of actual threads in a
31		* ForkJoinPool, at the price of some usage limitations.
32	<	*
33	<	* <p> A "main" ForkJoinTask begins execution when submitted to a
34	<	* {@link ForkJoinPool}. Once started, it will usually in turn start
35	<	* other subtasks.  As indicated by the name of this class, many
36	<	* programs using ForkJoinTasks employ only methods <code>fork</code>
37	<	* and <code>join</code>, or derivatives such as
38	<	* <code>invokeAll</code>.  However, this class also provides a number
39	<	* of other methods that can come into play in advanced usages, as
40	<	* well as extension mechanics that allow support of new forms of
41	<	* fork/join processing.
42	<	*
43	<	* <p>A ForkJoinTask is a lightweight form of {@link Future}.  The
44	<	* efficiency of ForkJoinTasks stems from a set of restrictions (that
45	<	* are only partially statically enforceable) reflecting their
46	<	* intended use as computational tasks calculating pure functions or
47	<	* operating on purely isolated objects.  The primary coordination
48	<	* mechanisms are {@link #fork}, that arranges asynchronous execution,
49	<	* and {@link #join}, that doesn't proceed until the task's result has
50	<	* been computed.  Computations should avoid <code>synchronized</code>
51	<	* methods or blocks, and should minimize other blocking
52	<	* synchronization apart from joining other tasks or using
53	<	* synchronizers such as Phasers that are advertised to cooperate with
54	<	* fork/join scheduling. Tasks should also not perform blocking IO,
55	<	* and should ideally access variables that are completely independent
56	<	* of those accessed by other running tasks. Minor breaches of these
57	<	* restrictions, for example using shared output streams, may be
58	<	* tolerable in practice, but frequent use may result in poor
59	<	* performance, and the potential to indefinitely stall if the number
60	<	* of threads not waiting for IO or other external synchronization
61	<	* becomes exhausted. This usage restriction is in part enforced by
62	<	* not permitting checked exceptions such as <code>IOExceptions</code>
63	<	* to be thrown. However, computations may still encounter unchecked
64	<	* exceptions, that are rethrown to callers attempting join
65	<	* them. These exceptions may additionally include
66	<	* RejectedExecutionExceptions stemming from internal resource
67	<	* exhaustion such as failure to allocate internal task queues.
32	>	*
33	>	* <p>A "main" {@code ForkJoinTask} begins execution when it is
34	>	* explicitly submitted to a {@link ForkJoinPool}, or, if not already
35	>	* engaged in a ForkJoin computation, commenced in the {@link
36	>	* ForkJoinPool#commonPool()} via {@link #fork}, {@link #invoke}, or
37	>	* related methods.  Once started, it will usually in turn start other
38	>	* subtasks.  As indicated by the name of this class, many programs
39	>	* using {@code ForkJoinTask} employ only methods {@link #fork} and
40	>	* {@link #join}, or derivatives such as {@link
41	>	* #invokeAll(ForkJoinTask...) invokeAll}.  However, this class also
42	>	* provides a number of other methods that can come into play in
43	>	* advanced usages, as well as extension mechanics that allow support
44	>	* of new forms of fork/join processing.
45	>	*
46	>	* <p>A {@code ForkJoinTask} is a lightweight form of {@link Future}.
47	>	* The efficiency of {@code ForkJoinTask}s stems from a set of
48	>	* restrictions (that are only partially statically enforceable)
49	>	* reflecting their main use as computational tasks calculating pure
50	>	* functions or operating on purely isolated objects.  The primary
51	>	* coordination mechanisms are {@link #fork}, that arranges
52	>	* asynchronous execution, and {@link #join}, that doesn't proceed
53	>	* until the task's result has been computed.  Computations should
54	>	* ideally avoid {@code synchronized} methods or blocks, and should
55	>	* minimize other blocking synchronization apart from joining other
56	>	* tasks or using synchronizers such as Phasers that are advertised to
57	>	* cooperate with fork/join scheduling. Subdividable tasks should also
58	>	* not perform blocking I/O, and should ideally access variables that
59	>	* are completely independent of those accessed by other running
60	>	* tasks. These guidelines are loosely enforced by not permitting
61	>	* checked exceptions such as {@code IOExceptions} to be
62	>	* thrown. However, computations may still encounter unchecked
63	>	* exceptions, that are rethrown to callers attempting to join
64	>	* them. These exceptions may additionally include {@link
65	>	* RejectedExecutionException} stemming from internal resource
66	>	* exhaustion, such as failure to allocate internal task
67	>	* queues. Rethrown exceptions behave in the same way as regular
68	>	* exceptions, but, when possible, contain stack traces (as displayed
69	>	* for example using {@code ex.printStackTrace()}) of both the thread
70	>	* that initiated the computation as well as the thread actually
71	>	* encountering the exception; minimally only the latter.
72	>	*
73	>	* <p>It is possible to define and use ForkJoinTasks that may block,
74	>	* but doing do requires three further considerations: (1) Completion
75	>	* of few if any <em>other</em> tasks should be dependent on a task
76	>	* that blocks on external synchronization or I/O. Event-style async
77	>	* tasks that are never joined (for example, those subclassing {@link
78	>	* CountedCompleter}) often fall into this category.  (2) To minimize
79	>	* resource impact, tasks should be small; ideally performing only the
80	>	* (possibly) blocking action. (3) Unless the {@link
81	>	* ForkJoinPool.ManagedBlocker} API is used, or the number of possibly
82	>	* blocked tasks is known to be less than the pool's {@link
83	>	* ForkJoinPool#getParallelism} level, the pool cannot guarantee that
84	>	* enough threads will be available to ensure progress or good
85	>	* performance.
86		*
87		* <p>The primary method for awaiting completion and extracting
88		* results of a task is {@link #join}, but there are several variants:
89		* The {@link Future#get} methods support interruptible and/or timed
90	<	* waits for completion and report results using <code>Future</code>
91	<	* conventions. Method {@link #helpJoin} enables callers to actively
92	<	* execute other tasks while awaiting joins, which is sometimes more
93	<	* efficient but only applies when all subtasks are known to be
94	<	* strictly tree-structured. Method {@link #invoke} is semantically
66	<	* equivalent to <code>fork(); join()</code> but always attempts to
67	<	* begin execution in the current thread. The "<em>quiet</em>" forms
68	<	* of these methods do not extract results or report exceptions. These
90	>	* waits for completion and report results using {@code Future}
91	>	* conventions. Method {@link #invoke} is semantically
92	>	* equivalent to {@code fork(); join()} but always attempts to begin
93	>	* execution in the current thread. The "<em>quiet</em>" forms of
94	>	* these methods do not extract results or report exceptions. These
95		* may be useful when a set of tasks are being executed, and you need
96		* to delay processing of results or exceptions until all complete.
97	<	* Method <code>invokeAll</code> (available in multiple versions)
97	>	* Method {@code invokeAll} (available in multiple versions)
98		* performs the most common form of parallel invocation: forking a set
99		* of tasks and joining them all.
100		*
101	<	* <p> The ForkJoinTask class is not usually directly subclassed.
101	>	* <p>In the most typical usages, a fork-join pair act like a call
102	>	* (fork) and return (join) from a parallel recursive function. As is
103	>	* the case with other forms of recursive calls, returns (joins)
104	>	* should be performed innermost-first. For example, {@code a.fork();
105	>	* b.fork(); b.join(); a.join();} is likely to be substantially more
106	>	* efficient than joining {@code a} before {@code b}.
107	>	*
108	>	* <p>The execution status of tasks may be queried at several levels
109	>	* of detail: {@link #isDone} is true if a task completed in any way
110	>	* (including the case where a task was cancelled without executing);
111	>	* {@link #isCompletedNormally} is true if a task completed without
112	>	* cancellation or encountering an exception; {@link #isCancelled} is
113	>	* true if the task was cancelled (in which case {@link #getException}
114	>	* returns a {@link java.util.concurrent.CancellationException}); and
115	>	* {@link #isCompletedAbnormally} is true if a task was either
116	>	* cancelled or encountered an exception, in which case {@link
117	>	* #getException} will return either the encountered exception or
118	>	* {@link java.util.concurrent.CancellationException}.
119	>	*
120	>	* <p>The ForkJoinTask class is not usually directly subclassed.
121		* Instead, you subclass one of the abstract classes that support a
122	<	* particular style of fork/join processing.  Normally, a concrete
123	<	* ForkJoinTask subclass declares fields comprising its parameters,
124	<	* established in a constructor, and then defines a <code>compute</code>
125	<	* method that somehow uses the control methods supplied by this base
126	<	* class. While these methods have <code>public</code> access (to allow
127	<	* instances of different task subclasses to call each others
128	<	* methods), some of them may only be called from within other
129	<	* ForkJoinTasks. Attempts to invoke them in other contexts result in
130	<	* exceptions or errors including ClassCastException.
131	<	*
132	<	* <p>Most base support methods are <code>final</code> because their
133	<	* implementations are intrinsically tied to the underlying
134	<	* lightweight task scheduling framework, and so cannot be overridden.
135	<	* Developers creating new basic styles of fork/join processing should
136	<	* minimally implement <code>protected</code> methods
137	<	* <code>exec</code>, <code>setRawResult</code>, and
138	<	* <code>getRawResult</code>, while also introducing an abstract
139	<	* computational method that can be implemented in its subclasses,
140	<	* possibly relying on other <code>protected</code> methods provided
141	<	* by this class.
122	>	* particular style of fork/join processing, typically {@link
123	>	* RecursiveAction} for most computations that do not return results,
124	>	* {@link RecursiveTask} for those that do, and {@link
125	>	* CountedCompleter} for those in which completed actions trigger
126	>	* other actions.  Normally, a concrete ForkJoinTask subclass declares
127	>	* fields comprising its parameters, established in a constructor, and
128	>	* then defines a {@code compute} method that somehow uses the control
129	>	* methods supplied by this base class.
130	>	*
131	>	* <p>Method {@link #join} and its variants are appropriate for use
132	>	* only when completion dependencies are acyclic; that is, the
133	>	* parallel computation can be described as a directed acyclic graph
134	>	* (DAG). Otherwise, executions may encounter a form of deadlock as
135	>	* tasks cyclically wait for each other.  However, this framework
136	>	* supports other methods and techniques (for example the use of
137	>	* {@link Phaser}, {@link #helpQuiesce}, and {@link #complete}) that
138	>	* may be of use in constructing custom subclasses for problems that
139	>	* are not statically structured as DAGs. To support such usages a
140	>	* ForkJoinTask may be atomically <em>tagged</em> with a {@code short}
141	>	* value using {@link #setForkJoinTaskTag} or {@link
142	>	* #compareAndSetForkJoinTaskTag} and checked using {@link
143	>	* #getForkJoinTaskTag}. The ForkJoinTask implementation does not use
144	>	* these {@code protected} methods or tags for any purpose, but they
145	>	* may be of use in the construction of specialized subclasses.  For
146	>	* example, parallel graph traversals can use the supplied methods to
147	>	* avoid revisiting nodes/tasks that have already been processed.
148	>	* (Method names for tagging are bulky in part to encourage definition
149	>	* of methods that reflect their usage patterns.)
150	>	*
151	>	* <p>Most base support methods are {@code final}, to prevent
152	>	* overriding of implementations that are intrinsically tied to the
153	>	* underlying lightweight task scheduling framework.  Developers
154	>	* creating new basic styles of fork/join processing should minimally
155	>	* implement {@code protected} methods {@link #exec}, {@link
156	>	* #setRawResult}, and {@link #getRawResult}, while also introducing
157	>	* an abstract computational method that can be implemented in its
158	>	* subclasses, possibly relying on other {@code protected} methods
159	>	* provided by this class.
160		*
161		* <p>ForkJoinTasks should perform relatively small amounts of
162	<	* computations, othewise splitting into smaller tasks. As a very
163	<	* rough rule of thumb, a task should perform more than 100 and less
164	<	* than 10000 basic computational steps. If tasks are too big, then
165	<	* parellelism cannot improve throughput. If too small, then memory
166	<	* and internal task maintenance overhead may overwhelm processing.
167	<	*
168	<	* <p>ForkJoinTasks are <code>Serializable</code>, which enables them
169	<	* to be used in extensions such as remote execution frameworks. It is
170	<	* in general sensible to serialize tasks only before or after, but
171	<	* not during execution. Serialization is not relied on during
172	<	* execution itself.
162	>	* computation. Large tasks should be split into smaller subtasks,
163	>	* usually via recursive decomposition. As a very rough rule of thumb,
164	>	* a task should perform more than 100 and less than 10000 basic
165	>	* computational steps, and should avoid indefinite looping. If tasks
166	>	* are too big, then parallelism cannot improve throughput. If too
167	>	* small, then memory and internal task maintenance overhead may
168	>	* overwhelm processing.
169	>	*
170	>	* <p>This class provides {@code adapt} methods for {@link Runnable}
171	>	* and {@link Callable}, that may be of use when mixing execution of
172	>	* {@code ForkJoinTasks} with other kinds of tasks. When all tasks are
173	>	* of this form, consider using a pool constructed in <em>asyncMode</em>.
174	>	*
175	>	* <p>ForkJoinTasks are {@code Serializable}, which enables them to be
176	>	* used in extensions such as remote execution frameworks. It is
177	>	* sensible to serialize tasks only before or after, but not during,
178	>	* execution. Serialization is not relied on during execution itself.
179	>	*
180	>	* @since 1.7
181	>	* @author Doug Lea
182		*/
183		public abstract class ForkJoinTask<V> implements Future<V>, Serializable {
184
185	<	/**
186	<	* Run control status bits packed into a single int to minimize
187	<	* footprint and to ensure atomicity (via CAS).  Status is
188	<	* initially zero, and takes on nonnegative values until
189	<	* completed, upon which status holds COMPLETED. CANCELLED, or
190	<	* EXCEPTIONAL, which use the top 3 bits.  Tasks undergoing
191	<	* blocking waits by other threads have SIGNAL_MASK bits set --
192	<	* bit 15 for external (nonFJ) waits, and the rest a count of
193	<	* waiting FJ threads.  (This representation relies on
194	<	* ForkJoinPool max thread limits). Completion of a stolen task
195	<	* with SIGNAL_MASK bits set awakens waiter via notifyAll. Even
196	<	* though suboptimal for some purposes, we use basic builtin
197	<	* wait/notify to take advantage of "monitor inflation" in JVMs
198	<	* that we would otherwise need to emulate to avoid adding further
199	<	* per-task bookkeeping overhead. Note that bits 16-28 are
200	<	* currently unused. Also value 0x80000000 is available as spare
201	<	* completion value.
202	<	*/
203	<	volatile int status; // accessed directy by pool and workers
204	<
205	<	static final int COMPLETION_MASK      = 0xe0000000;
206	<	static final int NORMAL               = 0xe0000000; // == mask
207	<	static final int CANCELLED            = 0xc0000000;
208	<	static final int EXCEPTIONAL          = 0xa0000000;
209	<	static final int SIGNAL_MASK          = 0x0000ffff;
210	<	static final int INTERNAL_SIGNAL_MASK = 0x00007fff;
211	<	static final int EXTERNAL_SIGNAL      = 0x00008000; // top bit of low word
185	>	/*
186	>	* See the internal documentation of class ForkJoinPool for a
187	>	* general implementation overview.  ForkJoinTasks are mainly
188	>	* responsible for maintaining their "status" field amidst relays
189	>	* to methods in ForkJoinWorkerThread and ForkJoinPool.
190	>	*
191	>	* The methods of this class are more-or-less layered into
192	>	* (1) basic status maintenance
193	>	* (2) execution and awaiting completion
194	>	* (3) user-level methods that additionally report results.
195	>	* This is sometimes hard to see because this file orders exported
196	>	* methods in a way that flows well in javadocs.
197	>	*/
198	>
199	>	/*
200	>	* The status field holds run control status bits packed into a
201	>	* single int to minimize footprint and to ensure atomicity (via
202	>	* CAS).  Status is initially zero, and takes on nonnegative
203	>	* values until completed, upon which status (anded with
204	>	* DONE_MASK) holds value NORMAL, CANCELLED, or EXCEPTIONAL. Tasks
205	>	* undergoing blocking waits by other threads have the SIGNAL bit
206	>	* set.  Completion of a stolen task with SIGNAL set awakens any
207	>	* waiters via notifyAll. Even though suboptimal for some
208	>	* purposes, we use basic builtin wait/notify to take advantage of
209	>	* "monitor inflation" in JVMs that we would otherwise need to
210	>	* emulate to avoid adding further per-task bookkeeping overhead.
211	>	* We want these monitors to be "fat", i.e., not use biasing or
212	>	* thin-lock techniques, so use some odd coding idioms that tend
213	>	* to avoid them, mainly by arranging that every synchronized
214	>	* block performs a wait, notifyAll or both.
215	>	*
216	>	* These control bits occupy only (some of) the upper half (16
217	>	* bits) of status field. The lower bits are used for user-defined
218	>	* tags.
219	>	*/
220	>
221	>	/** The run status of this task */
222	>	volatile int status; // accessed directly by pool and workers
223	>	static final int DONE_MASK   = 0xf0000000;  // mask out non-completion bits
224	>	static final int NORMAL      = 0xf0000000;  // must be negative
225	>	static final int CANCELLED   = 0xc0000000;  // must be < NORMAL
226	>	static final int EXCEPTIONAL = 0x80000000;  // must be < CANCELLED
227	>	static final int SIGNAL      = 0x00010000;  // must be >= 1 << 16
228	>	static final int SMASK       = 0x0000ffff;  // short bits for tags
229
230		/**
231	<	* Table of exceptions thrown by tasks, to enable reporting by
232	<	* callers. Because exceptions are rare, we don't directly keep
233	<	* them with task objects, but instead us a weak ref table.  Note
234	<	* that cancellation exceptions don't appear in the table, but are
235	<	* instead recorded as status values.
147	<	* Todo: Use ConcurrentReferenceHashMap
231	>	* Marks completion and wakes up threads waiting to join this
232	>	* task.
233	>	*
234	>	* @param completion one of NORMAL, CANCELLED, EXCEPTIONAL
235	>	* @return completion status on exit
236		*/
237	<	static final Map<ForkJoinTask<?>, Throwable> exceptionMap =
238	<	Collections.synchronizedMap
239	<	(new WeakHashMap<ForkJoinTask<?>, Throwable>());
240	<
241	<	// within-package utilities
237	>	private int setCompletion(int completion) {
238	>	for (int s;;) {
239	>	if ((s = status) < 0)
240	>	return s;
241	>	if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, STATUS, s, s | completion)) {
242	>	if ((s >>> 16) != 0)
243	>	synchronized (this) { notifyAll(); }
244	>	return completion;
245	>	}
246	>	}
247	>	}
248
249		/**
250	<	* Get current worker thread, or null if not a worker thread
250	>	* Primary execution method for stolen tasks. Unless done, calls
251	>	* exec and records status if completed, but doesn't wait for
252	>	* completion otherwise.
253	>	*
254	>	* @return status on exit from this method
255		*/
256	<	static ForkJoinWorkerThread getWorker() {
257	<	Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
258	<	return ((t instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread)?
259	<	(ForkJoinWorkerThread)t : null);
256	>	final int doExec() {
257	>	int s; boolean completed;
258	>	if ((s = status) >= 0) {
259	>	try {
260	>	completed = exec();
261	>	} catch (Throwable rex) {
262	>	return setExceptionalCompletion(rex);
263	>	}
264	>	if (completed)
265	>	s = setCompletion(NORMAL);
266	>	}
267	>	return s;
268		}
269
270	<	final boolean casStatus(int cmp, int val) {
271	<	return _unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(this, statusOffset, cmp, val);
270	>	/**
271	>	* Tries to set SIGNAL status unless already completed. Used by
272	>	* ForkJoinPool. Other variants are directly incorporated into
273	>	* externalAwaitDone etc.
274	>	*
275	>	* @return true if successful
276	>	*/
277	>	final boolean trySetSignal() {
278	>	int s = status;
279	>	return s >= 0 && U.compareAndSwapInt(this, STATUS, s, s | SIGNAL);
280		}
281
282		/**
283	<	* Workaround for not being able to rethrow unchecked exceptions.
283	>	* Blocks a non-worker-thread until completion.
284	>	* @return status upon completion
285		*/
286	<	static void rethrowException(Throwable ex) {
287	<	if (ex != null)
288	<	_unsafe.throwException(ex);
286	>	private int externalAwaitDone() {
287	>	int s;
288	>	ForkJoinPool.externalHelpJoin(this);
289	>	boolean interrupted = false;
290	>	while ((s = status) >= 0) {
291	>	if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, STATUS, s, s | SIGNAL)) {
292	>	synchronized (this) {
293	>	if (status >= 0) {
294	>	try {
295	>	wait();
296	>	} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
297	>	interrupted = true;
298	>	}
299	>	}
300	>	else
301	>	notifyAll();
302	>	}
303	>	}
304	>	}
305	>	if (interrupted)
306	>	Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
307	>	return s;
308		}
309
176	–	// Setting completion status
177	–
310		/**
311	<	* Mark completion and wake up threads waiting to join this task.
180	<	* @param completion one of NORMAL, CANCELLED, EXCEPTIONAL
311	>	* Blocks a non-worker-thread until completion or interruption.
312		*/
313	<	final void setCompletion(int completion) {
314	<	ForkJoinPool pool = getPool();
315	<	if (pool != null) {
316	<	int s; // Clear signal bits while setting completion status
317	<	do;while ((s = status) >= 0 && !casStatus(s, completion));
318	<
319	<	if ((s & SIGNAL_MASK) != 0) {
320	<	if ((s &= INTERNAL_SIGNAL_MASK) != 0)
321	<	pool.updateRunningCount(s);
322	<	synchronized(this) { notifyAll(); }
313	>	private int externalInterruptibleAwaitDone() throws InterruptedException {
314	>	int s;
315	>	if (Thread.interrupted())
316	>	throw new InterruptedException();
317	>	ForkJoinPool.externalHelpJoin(this);
318	>	while ((s = status) >= 0) {
319	>	if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, STATUS, s, s | SIGNAL)) {
320	>	synchronized (this) {
321	>	if (status >= 0)
322	>	wait();
323	>	else
324	>	notifyAll();
325	>	}
326		}
327		}
328	<	else
195	<	externallySetCompletion(completion);
328	>	return s;
329		}
330
331	+
332		/**
333	<	* Version of setCompletion for non-FJ threads.  Leaves signal
334	<	* bits for unblocked threads to adjust, and always notifies.
333	>	* Implementation for join, get, quietlyJoin. Directly handles
334	>	* only cases of already-completed, external wait, and
335	>	* unfork+exec.  Others are relayed to ForkJoinPool.awaitJoin.
336	>	*
337	>	* @return status upon completion
338		*/
339	<	private void externallySetCompletion(int completion) {
340	<	int s;
341	<	do;while ((s = status) >= 0 &&
342	<	!casStatus(s, (s & SIGNAL_MASK) | completion));
343	<	synchronized(this) { notifyAll(); }
339	>	private int doJoin() {
340	>	int s; Thread t; ForkJoinWorkerThread wt; ForkJoinPool.WorkQueue w;
341	>	return (s = status) < 0 ? s :
342	>	((t = Thread.currentThread()) instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread) ?
343	>	(w = (wt = (ForkJoinWorkerThread)t).workQueue).
344	>	tryUnpush(this) && (s = doExec()) < 0 ? s :
345	>	wt.pool.awaitJoin(w, this) :
346	>	externalAwaitDone();
347		}
348
349		/**
350	<	* Sets status to indicate normal completion
350	>	* Implementation for invoke, quietlyInvoke.
351	>	*
352	>	* @return status upon completion
353		*/
354	<	final void setNormalCompletion() {
355	<	// Try typical fast case -- single CAS, no signal, not already done.
356	<	// Manually expand casStatus to improve chances of inlining it
357	<	if (!_unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(this, statusOffset, 0, NORMAL))
358	<	setCompletion(NORMAL);
354	>	private int doInvoke() {
355	>	int s; Thread t; ForkJoinWorkerThread wt;
356	>	return (s = doExec()) < 0 ? s :
357	>	((t = Thread.currentThread()) instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread) ?
358	>	(wt = (ForkJoinWorkerThread)t).pool.awaitJoin(wt.workQueue, this) :
359	>	externalAwaitDone();
360		}
361
362	<	// internal waiting and notification
362	>	// Exception table support
363
364		/**
365	<	* Performs the actual monitor wait for awaitDone
365	>	* Table of exceptions thrown by tasks, to enable reporting by
366	>	* callers. Because exceptions are rare, we don't directly keep
367	>	* them with task objects, but instead use a weak ref table.  Note
368	>	* that cancellation exceptions don't appear in the table, but are
369	>	* instead recorded as status values.
370	>	*
371	>	* Note: These statics are initialized below in static block.
372		*/
373	<	private void doAwaitDone() {
374	<	// Minimize lock bias and in/de-flation effects by maximizing
375	<	// chances of waiting inside sync
376	<	try {
377	<	while (status >= 0)
378	<	synchronized(this) { if (status >= 0) wait(); }
379	<	} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
380	<	onInterruptedWait();
373	>	private static final ExceptionNode[] exceptionTable;
374	>	private static final ReentrantLock exceptionTableLock;
375	>	private static final ReferenceQueue<Object> exceptionTableRefQueue;
376	>
377	>	/**
378	>	* Fixed capacity for exceptionTable.
379	>	*/
380	>	private static final int EXCEPTION_MAP_CAPACITY = 32;
381	>
382	>	/**
383	>	* Key-value nodes for exception table.  The chained hash table
384	>	* uses identity comparisons, full locking, and weak references
385	>	* for keys. The table has a fixed capacity because it only
386	>	* maintains task exceptions long enough for joiners to access
387	>	* them, so should never become very large for sustained
388	>	* periods. However, since we do not know when the last joiner
389	>	* completes, we must use weak references and expunge them. We do
390	>	* so on each operation (hence full locking). Also, some thread in
391	>	* any ForkJoinPool will call helpExpungeStaleExceptions when its
392	>	* pool becomes isQuiescent.
393	>	*/
394	>	static final class ExceptionNode extends WeakReference<ForkJoinTask<?>> {
395	>	final Throwable ex;
396	>	ExceptionNode next;
397	>	final long thrower;  // use id not ref to avoid weak cycles
398	>	ExceptionNode(ForkJoinTask<?> task, Throwable ex, ExceptionNode next) {
399	>	super(task, exceptionTableRefQueue);
400	>	this.ex = ex;
401	>	this.next = next;
402	>	this.thrower = Thread.currentThread().getId();
403		}
404		}
405
406		/**
407	<	* Performs the actual monitor wait for awaitDone
407	>	* Records exception and sets status.
408	>	*
409	>	* @return status on exit
410		*/
411	<	private void doAwaitDone(long startTime, long nanos) {
412	<	synchronized(this) {
411	>	final int recordExceptionalCompletion(Throwable ex) {
412	>	int s;
413	>	if ((s = status) >= 0) {
414	>	int h = System.identityHashCode(this);
415	>	final ReentrantLock lock = exceptionTableLock;
416	>	lock.lock();
417		try {
418	<	while (status >= 0) {
419	<	long nt = nanos - System.nanoTime() - startTime;
420	<	if (nt <= 0)
418	>	expungeStaleExceptions();
419	>	ExceptionNode[] t = exceptionTable;
420	>	int i = h & (t.length - 1);
421	>	for (ExceptionNode e = t[i]; ; e = e.next) {
422	>	if (e == null) {
423	>	t[i] = new ExceptionNode(this, ex, t[i]);
424	>	break;
425	>	}
426	>	if (e.get() == this) // already present
427		break;
245	–	wait(nt / 1000000, (int)(nt % 1000000));
428		}
429	<	} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
430	<	onInterruptedWait();
429	>	} finally {
430	>	lock.unlock();
431		}
432	+	s = setCompletion(EXCEPTIONAL);
433		}
434	+	return s;
435		}
436
253	–	// Awaiting completion
254	–
437		/**
438	<	* Sets status to indicate there is joiner, then waits for join,
439	<	* surrounded with pool notifications.
440	<	* @return status upon exit
438	>	* Records exception and possibly propagates.
439	>	*
440	>	* @return status on exit
441		*/
442	<	final int awaitDone(ForkJoinWorkerThread w, boolean maintainParallelism) {
443	<	ForkJoinPool pool = w == null? null : w.pool;
444	<	int s;
445	<	while ((s = status) >= 0) {
264	<	if (casStatus(s, pool == null? s|EXTERNAL_SIGNAL : s+1)) {
265	<	if (pool == null || !pool.preJoin(this, maintainParallelism))
266	<	doAwaitDone();
267	<	if (((s = status) & INTERNAL_SIGNAL_MASK) != 0)
268	<	adjustPoolCountsOnUnblock(pool);
269	<	break;
270	<	}
271	<	}
442	>	private int setExceptionalCompletion(Throwable ex) {
443	>	int s = recordExceptionalCompletion(ex);
444	>	if ((s & DONE_MASK) == EXCEPTIONAL)
445	>	internalPropagateException(ex);
446		return s;
447		}
448
449		/**
450	<	* Timed version of awaitDone
277	<	* @return status upon exit
450	>	* Hook for exception propagation support for tasks with completers.
451		*/
452	<	final int awaitDone(ForkJoinWorkerThread w, long nanos) {
280	<	ForkJoinPool pool = w == null? null : w.pool;
281	<	int s;
282	<	while ((s = status) >= 0) {
283	<	if (casStatus(s, pool == null? s|EXTERNAL_SIGNAL : s+1)) {
284	<	long startTime = System.nanoTime();
285	<	if (pool == null || !pool.preJoin(this, false))
286	<	doAwaitDone(startTime, nanos);
287	<	if ((s = status) >= 0) {
288	<	adjustPoolCountsOnCancelledWait(pool);
289	<	s = status;
290	<	}
291	<	if (s < 0 && (s & INTERNAL_SIGNAL_MASK) != 0)
292	<	adjustPoolCountsOnUnblock(pool);
293	<	break;
294	<	}
295	<	}
296	<	return s;
452	>	void internalPropagateException(Throwable ex) {
453		}
454
455		/**
456	<	* Notify pool that thread is unblocked. Called by signalled
457	<	* threads when woken by non-FJ threads (which is atypical).
456	>	* Cancels, ignoring any exceptions thrown by cancel. Used during
457	>	* worker and pool shutdown. Cancel is spec'ed not to throw any
458	>	* exceptions, but if it does anyway, we have no recourse during
459	>	* shutdown, so guard against this case.
460		*/
461	<	private void adjustPoolCountsOnUnblock(ForkJoinPool pool) {
462	<	int s;
463	<	do;while ((s = status) < 0 && !casStatus(s, s & COMPLETION_MASK));
464	<	if (pool != null && (s &= INTERNAL_SIGNAL_MASK) != 0)
465	<	pool.updateRunningCount(s);
461	>	static final void cancelIgnoringExceptions(ForkJoinTask<?> t) {
462	>	if (t != null && t.status >= 0) {
463	>	try {
464	>	t.cancel(false);
465	>	} catch (Throwable ignore) {
466	>	}
467	>	}
468		}
469
470		/**
471	<	* Notify pool to adjust counts on cancelled or timed out wait
471	>	* Removes exception node and clears status
472		*/
473	<	private void adjustPoolCountsOnCancelledWait(ForkJoinPool pool) {
474	<	if (pool != null) {
475	<	int s;
476	<	while ((s = status) >= 0 && (s & INTERNAL_SIGNAL_MASK) != 0) {
477	<	if (casStatus(s, s - 1)) {
478	<	pool.updateRunningCount(1);
473	>	private void clearExceptionalCompletion() {
474	>	int h = System.identityHashCode(this);
475	>	final ReentrantLock lock = exceptionTableLock;
476	>	lock.lock();
477	>	try {
478	>	ExceptionNode[] t = exceptionTable;
479	>	int i = h & (t.length - 1);
480	>	ExceptionNode e = t[i];
481	>	ExceptionNode pred = null;
482	>	while (e != null) {
483	>	ExceptionNode next = e.next;
484	>	if (e.get() == this) {
485	>	if (pred == null)
486	>	t[i] = next;
487	>	else
488	>	pred.next = next;
489		break;
490		}
491	+	pred = e;
492	+	e = next;
493		}
494	+	expungeStaleExceptions();
495	+	status = 0;
496	+	} finally {
497	+	lock.unlock();
498		}
499		}
500
501		/**
502	<	* Handle interruptions during waits.
503	<	*/
504	<	private void onInterruptedWait() {
505	<	ForkJoinWorkerThread w = getWorker();
506	<	if (w == null)
507	<	Thread.currentThread().interrupt(); // re-interrupt
508	<	else if (w.isTerminating())
509	<	cancelIgnoreExceptions();
510	<	// else if FJworker, ignore interrupt
511	<	}
512	<
513	<	// Recording and reporting exceptions
338	<
339	<	private void setDoneExceptionally(Throwable rex) {
340	<	exceptionMap.put(this, rex);
341	<	setCompletion(EXCEPTIONAL);
342	<	}
343	<
344	<	/**
345	<	* Throws the exception associated with status s;
346	<	* @throws the exception
502	>	* Returns a rethrowable exception for the given task, if
503	>	* available. To provide accurate stack traces, if the exception
504	>	* was not thrown by the current thread, we try to create a new
505	>	* exception of the same type as the one thrown, but with the
506	>	* recorded exception as its cause. If there is no such
507	>	* constructor, we instead try to use a no-arg constructor,
508	>	* followed by initCause, to the same effect. If none of these
509	>	* apply, or any fail due to other exceptions, we return the
510	>	* recorded exception, which is still correct, although it may
511	>	* contain a misleading stack trace.
512	>	*
513	>	* @return the exception, or null if none
514		*/
515	<	private void reportException(int s) {
516	<	if ((s &= COMPLETION_MASK) < NORMAL) {
517	<	if (s == CANCELLED)
518	<	throw new CancellationException();
519	<	else
520	<	rethrowException(exceptionMap.get(this));
515	>	private Throwable getThrowableException() {
516	>	if ((status & DONE_MASK) != EXCEPTIONAL)
517	>	return null;
518	>	int h = System.identityHashCode(this);
519	>	ExceptionNode e;
520	>	final ReentrantLock lock = exceptionTableLock;
521	>	lock.lock();
522	>	try {
523	>	expungeStaleExceptions();
524	>	ExceptionNode[] t = exceptionTable;
525	>	e = t[h & (t.length - 1)];
526	>	while (e != null && e.get() != this)
527	>	e = e.next;
528	>	} finally {
529	>	lock.unlock();
530		}
531	<	}
532	<
533	<	/**
534	<	* Returns result or throws exception using j.u.c.Future conventions
535	<	* Only call when isDone known to be true.
536	<	*/
537	<	private V reportFutureResult()
538	<	throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
539	<	int s = status & COMPLETION_MASK;
540	<	if (s < NORMAL) {
541	<	Throwable ex;
542	<	if (s == CANCELLED)
543	<	throw new CancellationException();
544	<	if (s == EXCEPTIONAL && (ex = exceptionMap.get(this)) != null)
545	<	throw new ExecutionException(ex);
546	<	if (Thread.interrupted())
547	<	throw new InterruptedException();
531	>	Throwable ex;
532	>	if (e == null || (ex = e.ex) == null)
533	>	return null;
534	>	if (false && e.thrower != Thread.currentThread().getId()) {
535	>	Class<? extends Throwable> ec = ex.getClass();
536	>	try {
537	>	Constructor<?> noArgCtor = null;
538	>	Constructor<?>[] cs = ec.getConstructors();// public ctors only
539	>	for (int i = 0; i < cs.length; ++i) {
540	>	Constructor<?> c = cs[i];
541	>	Class<?>[] ps = c.getParameterTypes();
542	>	if (ps.length == 0)
543	>	noArgCtor = c;
544	>	else if (ps.length == 1 && ps[0] == Throwable.class)
545	>	return (Throwable)(c.newInstance(ex));
546	>	}
547	>	if (noArgCtor != null) {
548	>	Throwable wx = (Throwable)(noArgCtor.newInstance());
549	>	wx.initCause(ex);
550	>	return wx;
551	>	}
552	>	} catch (Exception ignore) {
553	>	}
554		}
555	<	return getRawResult();
555	>	return ex;
556		}
557
558		/**
559	<	* Returns result or throws exception using j.u.c.Future conventions
378	<	* with timeouts
559	>	* Poll stale refs and remove them. Call only while holding lock.
560		*/
561	<	private V reportTimedFutureResult()
562	<	throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
563	<	Throwable ex;
564	<	int s = status & COMPLETION_MASK;
565	<	if (s == NORMAL)
566	<	return getRawResult();
567	<	if (s == CANCELLED)
568	<	throw new CancellationException();
569	<	if (s == EXCEPTIONAL && (ex = exceptionMap.get(this)) != null)
570	<	throw new ExecutionException(ex);
571	<	if (Thread.interrupted())
572	<	throw new InterruptedException();
573	<	throw new TimeoutException();
561	>	private static void expungeStaleExceptions() {
562	>	for (Object x; (x = exceptionTableRefQueue.poll()) != null;) {
563	>	if (x instanceof ExceptionNode) {
564	>	ForkJoinTask<?> key = ((ExceptionNode)x).get();
565	>	ExceptionNode[] t = exceptionTable;
566	>	int i = System.identityHashCode(key) & (t.length - 1);
567	>	ExceptionNode e = t[i];
568	>	ExceptionNode pred = null;
569	>	while (e != null) {
570	>	ExceptionNode next = e.next;
571	>	if (e == x) {
572	>	if (pred == null)
573	>	t[i] = next;
574	>	else
575	>	pred.next = next;
576	>	break;
577	>	}
578	>	pred = e;
579	>	e = next;
580	>	}
581	>	}
582	>	}
583		}
584
395	–	// internal execution methods
396	–
585		/**
586	<	* Calls exec, recording completion, and rethrowing exception if
587	<	* encountered. Caller should normally check status before calling
400	<	* @return true if completed normally
586	>	* If lock is available, poll stale refs and remove them.
587	>	* Called from ForkJoinPool when pools become quiescent.
588		*/
589	<	private boolean tryExec() {
590	<	try { // try block must contain only call to exec
591	<	if (!exec())
592	<	return false;
593	<	} catch (Throwable rex) {
594	<	setDoneExceptionally(rex);
595	<	rethrowException(rex);
596	<	return false; // not reached
589	>	static final void helpExpungeStaleExceptions() {
590	>	final ReentrantLock lock = exceptionTableLock;
591	>	if (lock.tryLock()) {
592	>	try {
593	>	expungeStaleExceptions();
594	>	} finally {
595	>	lock.unlock();
596	>	}
597		}
411	–	setNormalCompletion();
412	–	return true;
598		}
599
600		/**
601	<	* Main execution method used by worker threads. Invokes
417	<	* base computation unless already complete
601	>	* A version of "sneaky throw" to relay exceptions
602		*/
603	<	final void quietlyExec() {
604	<	if (status >= 0) {
605	<	try {
606	<	if (!exec())
607	<	return;
608	<	} catch(Throwable rex) {
609	<	setDoneExceptionally(rex);
426	<	return;
427	<	}
428	<	setNormalCompletion();
603	>	static void rethrow(final Throwable ex) {
604	>	if (ex != null) {
605	>	if (ex instanceof Error)
606	>	throw (Error)ex;
607	>	if (ex instanceof RuntimeException)
608	>	throw (RuntimeException)ex;
609	>	ForkJoinTask.<RuntimeException>uncheckedThrow(ex);
610		}
611		}
612
613		/**
614	<	* Calls exec, recording but not rethrowing exception
615	<	* Caller should normally check status before calling
616	<	* @return true if completed normally
614	>	* The sneaky part of sneaky throw, relying on generics
615	>	* limitations to evade compiler complaints about rethrowing
616	>	* unchecked exceptions
617		*/
618	<	private boolean tryQuietlyInvoke() {
619	<	try {
620	<	if (!exec())
621	<	return false;
441	<	} catch (Throwable rex) {
442	<	setDoneExceptionally(rex);
443	<	return false;
444	<	}
445	<	setNormalCompletion();
446	<	return true;
618	>	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") static <T extends Throwable>
619	>	void uncheckedThrow(Throwable t) throws T {
620	>	if (t != null)
621	>	throw (T)t; // rely on vacuous cast
622		}
623
624		/**
625	<	* Cancel, ignoring any exceptions it throws
625	>	* Throws exception, if any, associated with the given status.
626		*/
627	<	final void cancelIgnoreExceptions() {
628	<	try {
629	<	cancel(false);
630	<	} catch(Throwable ignore) {
631	<	}
627	>	private void reportException(int s) {
628	>	if (s == CANCELLED)
629	>	throw new CancellationException();
630	>	if (s == EXCEPTIONAL)
631	>	rethrow(getThrowableException());
632		}
633
634		// public methods
635
636		/**
637	<	* Arranges to asynchronously execute this task.  While it is not
638	<	* necessarily enforced, it is a usage error to fork a task more
639	<	* than once unless it has completed and been reinitialized.  This
640	<	* method may be invoked only from within ForkJoinTask
641	<	* computations. Attempts to invoke in other contexts result in
642	<	* exceptions or errors including ClassCastException.
643	<	*/
644	<	public final void fork() {
645	<	((ForkJoinWorkerThread)(Thread.currentThread())).pushTask(this);
637	>	* Arranges to asynchronously execute this task in the pool the
638	>	* current task is running in, if applicable, or using the {@link
639	>	* ForkJoinPool#commonPool()} if not {@link #inForkJoinPool}.  While
640	>	* it is not necessarily enforced, it is a usage error to fork a
641	>	* task more than once unless it has completed and been
642	>	* reinitialized.  Subsequent modifications to the state of this
643	>	* task or any data it operates on are not necessarily
644	>	* consistently observable by any thread other than the one
645	>	* executing it unless preceded by a call to {@link #join} or
646	>	* related methods, or a call to {@link #isDone} returning {@code
647	>	* true}.
648	>	*
649	>	* @return {@code this}, to simplify usage
650	>	*/
651	>	public final ForkJoinTask<V> fork() {
652	>	Thread t;
653	>	if ((t = Thread.currentThread()) instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread)
654	>	((ForkJoinWorkerThread)t).workQueue.push(this);
655	>	else
656	>	ForkJoinPool.common.externalPush(this);
657	>	return this;
658		}
659
660		/**
661	<	* Returns the result of the computation when it is ready.
662	<	* This method differs from <code>get</code> in that abnormal
663	<	* completion results in RuntimeExceptions or Errors, not
664	<	* ExecutionExceptions.
661	>	* Returns the result of the computation when it {@link #isDone is
662	>	* done}.  This method differs from {@link #get()} in that
663	>	* abnormal completion results in {@code RuntimeException} or
664	>	* {@code Error}, not {@code ExecutionException}, and that
665	>	* interrupts of the calling thread do <em>not</em> cause the
666	>	* method to abruptly return by throwing {@code
667	>	* InterruptedException}.
668		*
669		* @return the computed result
670		*/
671		public final V join() {
672	<	ForkJoinWorkerThread w = getWorker();
673	<	if (w == null || status < 0 || !w.unpushTask(this) || !tryExec())
674	<	reportException(awaitDone(w, true));
672	>	int s;
673	>	if ((s = doJoin() & DONE_MASK) != NORMAL)
674	>	reportException(s);
675		return getRawResult();
676		}
677
488	–	public final V get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
489	–	ForkJoinWorkerThread w = getWorker();
490	–	if (w == null || status < 0 || !w.unpushTask(this) || !tryQuietlyInvoke())
491	–	awaitDone(w, true);
492	–	return reportFutureResult();
493	–	}
494	–
495	–	public final V get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
496	–	throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
497	–	ForkJoinWorkerThread w = getWorker();
498	–	if (w == null || status < 0 || !w.unpushTask(this) || !tryQuietlyInvoke())
499	–	awaitDone(w, unit.toNanos(timeout));
500	–	return reportTimedFutureResult();
501	–	}
502	–
678		/**
679		* Commences performing this task, awaits its completion if
680	<	* necessary, and return its result.
681	<	* @throws Throwable (a RuntimeException, Error, or unchecked
682	<	* exception) if the underlying computation did so.
680	>	* necessary, and returns its result, or throws an (unchecked)
681	>	* {@code RuntimeException} or {@code Error} if the underlying
682	>	* computation did so.
683	>	*
684		* @return the computed result
685		*/
686		public final V invoke() {
687	<	if (status >= 0 && tryExec())
688	<	return getRawResult();
689	<	else
690	<	return join();
687	>	int s;
688	>	if ((s = doInvoke() & DONE_MASK) != NORMAL)
689	>	reportException(s);
690	>	return getRawResult();
691		}
692
693		/**
694	<	* Forks both tasks, returning when <code>isDone</code> holds for
695	<	* both of them or an exception is encountered. This method may be
696	<	* invoked only from within ForkJoinTask computations. Attempts to
697	<	* invoke in other contexts result in exceptions or errors
698	<	* including ClassCastException.
699	<	* @param t1 one task
700	<	* @param t2 the other task
701	<	* @throws NullPointerException if t1 or t2 are null
702	<	* @throws RuntimeException or Error if either task did so.
694	>	* Forks the given tasks, returning when {@code isDone} holds for
695	>	* each task or an (unchecked) exception is encountered, in which
696	>	* case the exception is rethrown. If more than one task
697	>	* encounters an exception, then this method throws any one of
698	>	* these exceptions. If any task encounters an exception, the
699	>	* other may be cancelled. However, the execution status of
700	>	* individual tasks is not guaranteed upon exceptional return. The
701	>	* status of each task may be obtained using {@link
702	>	* #getException()} and related methods to check if they have been
703	>	* cancelled, completed normally or exceptionally, or left
704	>	* unprocessed.
705	>	*
706	>	* @param t1 the first task
707	>	* @param t2 the second task
708	>	* @throws NullPointerException if any task is null
709		*/
710	<	public static void invokeAll(ForkJoinTask<?>t1, ForkJoinTask<?> t2) {
710	>	public static void invokeAll(ForkJoinTask<?> t1, ForkJoinTask<?> t2) {
711	>	int s1, s2;
712		t2.fork();
713	<	t1.invoke();
714	<	t2.join();
713	>	if ((s1 = t1.doInvoke() & DONE_MASK) != NORMAL)
714	>	t1.reportException(s1);
715	>	if ((s2 = t2.doJoin() & DONE_MASK) != NORMAL)
716	>	t2.reportException(s2);
717		}
718
719		/**
720	<	* Forks the given tasks, returning when <code>isDone</code> holds
721	<	* for all of them. If any task encounters an exception, others
722	<	* may be cancelled.  This method may be invoked only from within
723	<	* ForkJoinTask computations. Attempts to invoke in other contexts
724	<	* result in exceptions or errors including ClassCastException.
725	<	* @param tasks the array of tasks
726	<	* @throws NullPointerException if tasks or any element are null.
727	<	* @throws RuntimeException or Error if any task did so.
720	>	* Forks the given tasks, returning when {@code isDone} holds for
721	>	* each task or an (unchecked) exception is encountered, in which
722	>	* case the exception is rethrown. If more than one task
723	>	* encounters an exception, then this method throws any one of
724	>	* these exceptions. If any task encounters an exception, others
725	>	* may be cancelled. However, the execution status of individual
726	>	* tasks is not guaranteed upon exceptional return. The status of
727	>	* each task may be obtained using {@link #getException()} and
728	>	* related methods to check if they have been cancelled, completed
729	>	* normally or exceptionally, or left unprocessed.
730	>	*
731	>	* @param tasks the tasks
732	>	* @throws NullPointerException if any task is null
733		*/
734		public static void invokeAll(ForkJoinTask<?>... tasks) {
735		Throwable ex = null;
#	Line 552 | Line 742 | public abstract class ForkJoinTask<V> im
742		}
743		else if (i != 0)
744		t.fork();
745	<	else {
746	<	t.quietlyInvoke();
557	<	if (ex == null)
558	<	ex = t.getException();
559	<	}
745	>	else if (t.doInvoke() < NORMAL && ex == null)
746	>	ex = t.getException();
747		}
748		for (int i = 1; i <= last; ++i) {
749		ForkJoinTask<?> t = tasks[i];
750		if (t != null) {
751		if (ex != null)
752		t.cancel(false);
753	<	else {
754	<	t.quietlyJoin();
568	<	if (ex == null)
569	<	ex = t.getException();
570	<	}
753	>	else if (t.doJoin() < NORMAL)
754	>	ex = t.getException();
755		}
756		}
757		if (ex != null)
758	<	rethrowException(ex);
758	>	rethrow(ex);
759		}
760
761		/**
762	<	* Forks all tasks in the collection, returning when
763	<	* <code>isDone</code> holds for all of them. If any task
764	<	* encounters an exception, others may be cancelled.  This method
765	<	* may be invoked only from within ForkJoinTask
766	<	* computations. Attempts to invoke in other contexts resul!t in
767	<	* exceptions or errors including ClassCastException.
762	>	* Forks all tasks in the specified collection, returning when
763	>	* {@code isDone} holds for each task or an (unchecked) exception
764	>	* is encountered, in which case the exception is rethrown. If
765	>	* more than one task encounters an exception, then this method
766	>	* throws any one of these exceptions. If any task encounters an
767	>	* exception, others may be cancelled. However, the execution
768	>	* status of individual tasks is not guaranteed upon exceptional
769	>	* return. The status of each task may be obtained using {@link
770	>	* #getException()} and related methods to check if they have been
771	>	* cancelled, completed normally or exceptionally, or left
772	>	* unprocessed.
773	>	*
774		* @param tasks the collection of tasks
775	<	* @throws NullPointerException if tasks or any element are null.
776	<	* @throws RuntimeException or Error if any task did so.
775	>	* @return the tasks argument, to simplify usage
776	>	* @throws NullPointerException if tasks or any element are null
777		*/
778	<	public static void invokeAll(Collection<? extends ForkJoinTask<?>> tasks) {
779	<	if (!(tasks instanceof List)) {
780	<	invokeAll(tasks.toArray(new ForkJoinTask[tasks.size()]));
781	<	return;
778	>	public static <T extends ForkJoinTask<?>> Collection<T> invokeAll(Collection<T> tasks) {
779	>	if (!(tasks instanceof RandomAccess) || !(tasks instanceof List<?>)) {
780	>	invokeAll(tasks.toArray(new ForkJoinTask<?>[tasks.size()]));
781	>	return tasks;
782		}
783	+	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
784		List<? extends ForkJoinTask<?>> ts =
785	<	(List<? extends ForkJoinTask<?>>)tasks;
785	>	(List<? extends ForkJoinTask<?>>) tasks;
786		Throwable ex = null;
787		int last = ts.size() - 1;
788		for (int i = last; i >= 0; --i) {
#	Line 602 | Line 793 | public abstract class ForkJoinTask<V> im
793		}
794		else if (i != 0)
795		t.fork();
796	<	else {
797	<	t.quietlyInvoke();
607	<	if (ex == null)
608	<	ex = t.getException();
609	<	}
796	>	else if (t.doInvoke() < NORMAL && ex == null)
797	>	ex = t.getException();
798		}
799		for (int i = 1; i <= last; ++i) {
800		ForkJoinTask<?> t = ts.get(i);
801		if (t != null) {
802		if (ex != null)
803		t.cancel(false);
804	<	else {
805	<	t.quietlyJoin();
618	<	if (ex == null)
619	<	ex = t.getException();
620	<	}
804	>	else if (t.doJoin() < NORMAL)
805	>	ex = t.getException();
806		}
807		}
808		if (ex != null)
809	<	rethrowException(ex);
809	>	rethrow(ex);
810	>	return tasks;
811		}
812
813		/**
814	<	* Returns true if the computation performed by this task has
815	<	* completed (or has been cancelled).
816	<	* @return true if this computation has completed
814	>	* Attempts to cancel execution of this task. This attempt will
815	>	* fail if the task has already completed or could not be
816	>	* cancelled for some other reason. If successful, and this task
817	>	* has not started when {@code cancel} is called, execution of
818	>	* this task is suppressed. After this method returns
819	>	* successfully, unless there is an intervening call to {@link
820	>	* #reinitialize}, subsequent calls to {@link #isCancelled},
821	>	* {@link #isDone}, and {@code cancel} will return {@code true}
822	>	* and calls to {@link #join} and related methods will result in
823	>	* {@code CancellationException}.
824	>	*
825	>	* <p>This method may be overridden in subclasses, but if so, must
826	>	* still ensure that these properties hold. In particular, the
827	>	* {@code cancel} method itself must not throw exceptions.
828	>	*
829	>	* <p>This method is designed to be invoked by <em>other</em>
830	>	* tasks. To terminate the current task, you can just return or
831	>	* throw an unchecked exception from its computation method, or
832	>	* invoke {@link #completeExceptionally}.
833	>	*
834	>	* @param mayInterruptIfRunning this value has no effect in the
835	>	* default implementation because interrupts are not used to
836	>	* control cancellation.
837	>	*
838	>	* @return {@code true} if this task is now cancelled
839		*/
840	+	public boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) {
841	+	return (setCompletion(CANCELLED) & DONE_MASK) == CANCELLED;
842	+	}
843	+
844		public final boolean isDone() {
845		return status < 0;
846		}
847
636	–	/**
637	–	* Returns true if this task was cancelled.
638	–	* @return true if this task was cancelled
639	–	*/
848		public final boolean isCancelled() {
849	<	return (status & COMPLETION_MASK) == CANCELLED;
849	>	return (status & DONE_MASK) == CANCELLED;
850		}
851
852		/**
853	<	* Returns true if this task threw an exception or was cancelled
854	<	* @return true if this task threw an exception or was cancelled
853	>	* Returns {@code true} if this task threw an exception or was cancelled.
854	>	*
855	>	* @return {@code true} if this task threw an exception or was cancelled
856		*/
857		public final boolean isCompletedAbnormally() {
858	<	return (status & COMPLETION_MASK) < NORMAL;
858	>	return status < NORMAL;
859		}
860
861		/**
862	<	* Returns the exception thrown by the base computation, or a
863	<	* CancellationException if cancelled, or null if none or if the
864	<	* method has not yet completed.
865	<	* @return the exception, or null if none
862	>	* Returns {@code true} if this task completed without throwing an
863	>	* exception and was not cancelled.
864	>	*
865	>	* @return {@code true} if this task completed without throwing an
866	>	* exception and was not cancelled
867		*/
868	<	public final Throwable getException() {
869	<	int s = status & COMPLETION_MASK;
660	<	if (s >= NORMAL)
661	<	return null;
662	<	if (s == CANCELLED)
663	<	return new CancellationException();
664	<	return exceptionMap.get(this);
868	>	public final boolean isCompletedNormally() {
869	>	return (status & DONE_MASK) == NORMAL;
870		}
871
872		/**
873	<	* Asserts that the results of this task's computation will not be
874	<	* used. If a cancellation occurs before atempting to execute this
875	<	* task, then execution will be suppressed, <code>isCancelled</code>
671	<	* will report true, and <code>join</code> will result in a
672	<	* <code>CancellationException</code> being thrown. Otherwise, when
673	<	* cancellation races with completion, there are no guarantees
674	<	* about whether <code>isCancelled</code> will report true, whether
675	<	* <code>join</code> will return normally or via an exception, or
676	<	* whether these behaviors will remain consistent upon repeated
677	<	* invocation.
678	<	*
679	<	* <p>This method may be overridden in subclasses, but if so, must
680	<	* still ensure that these minimal properties hold. In particular,
681	<	* the cancel method itself must not throw exceptions.
682	<	*
683	<	* <p> This method is designed to be invoked by <em>other</em>
684	<	* tasks. To terminate the current task, you can just return or
685	<	* throw an unchecked exception from its computation method, or
686	<	* invoke <code>completeExceptionally</code>.
687	<	*
688	<	* @param mayInterruptIfRunning this value is ignored in the
689	<	* default implementation because tasks are not in general
690	<	* cancelled via interruption.
873	>	* Returns the exception thrown by the base computation, or a
874	>	* {@code CancellationException} if cancelled, or {@code null} if
875	>	* none or if the method has not yet completed.
876		*
877	<	* @return true if this task is now cancelled
877	>	* @return the exception, or {@code null} if none
878		*/
879	<	public boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) {
880	<	setCompletion(CANCELLED);
881	<	return (status & COMPLETION_MASK) == CANCELLED;
879	>	public final Throwable getException() {
880	>	int s = status & DONE_MASK;
881	>	return ((s >= NORMAL)    ? null :
882	>	(s == CANCELLED) ? new CancellationException() :
883	>	getThrowableException());
884		}
885
886		/**
887		* Completes this task abnormally, and if not already aborted or
888		* cancelled, causes it to throw the given exception upon
889	<	* <code>join</code> and related operations. This method may be used
889	>	* {@code join} and related operations. This method may be used
890		* to induce exceptions in asynchronous tasks, or to force
891		* completion of tasks that would not otherwise complete.  Its use
892	<	* in other situations is likely to be wrong.  This method is
893	<	* overridable, but overridden versions must invoke <code>super</code>
892	>	* in other situations is discouraged.  This method is
893	>	* overridable, but overridden versions must invoke {@code super}
894		* implementation to maintain guarantees.
895		*
896	<	* @param ex the exception to throw. If this exception is
897	<	* not a RuntimeException or Error, the actual exception thrown
898	<	* will be a RuntimeException with cause ex.
896	>	* @param ex the exception to throw. If this exception is not a
897	>	* {@code RuntimeException} or {@code Error}, the actual exception
898	>	* thrown will be a {@code RuntimeException} with cause {@code ex}.
899		*/
900		public void completeExceptionally(Throwable ex) {
901	<	setDoneExceptionally((ex instanceof RuntimeException) ||
902	<	(ex instanceof Error)? ex :
903	<	new RuntimeException(ex));
901	>	setExceptionalCompletion((ex instanceof RuntimeException) ||
902	>	(ex instanceof Error) ? ex :
903	>	new RuntimeException(ex));
904		}
905
906		/**
907		* Completes this task, and if not already aborted or cancelled,
908	<	* returning a <code>null</code> result upon <code>join</code> and related
909	<	* operations. This method may be used to provide results for
910	<	* asynchronous tasks, or to provide alternative handling for
911	<	* tasks that would not otherwise complete normally. Its use in
912	<	* other situations is likely to be wrong. This method is
913	<	* overridable, but overridden versions must invoke <code>super</code>
914	<	* implementation to maintain guarantees.
908	>	* returning the given value as the result of subsequent
909	>	* invocations of {@code join} and related operations. This method
910	>	* may be used to provide results for asynchronous tasks, or to
911	>	* provide alternative handling for tasks that would not otherwise
912	>	* complete normally. Its use in other situations is
913	>	* discouraged. This method is overridable, but overridden
914	>	* versions must invoke {@code super} implementation to maintain
915	>	* guarantees.
916		*
917	<	* @param value the result value for this task.
917	>	* @param value the result value for this task
918		*/
919		public void complete(V value) {
920		try {
921		setRawResult(value);
922	<	} catch(Throwable rex) {
923	<	setDoneExceptionally(rex);
922	>	} catch (Throwable rex) {
923	>	setExceptionalCompletion(rex);
924		return;
925		}
926	<	setNormalCompletion();
926	>	setCompletion(NORMAL);
927	>	}
928	>
929	>	/**
930	>	* Completes this task normally without setting a value. The most
931	>	* recent value established by {@link #setRawResult} (or {@code
932	>	* null} by default) will be returned as the result of subsequent
933	>	* invocations of {@code join} and related operations.
934	>	*
935	>	* @since 1.8
936	>	*/
937	>	public final void quietlyComplete() {
938	>	setCompletion(NORMAL);
939		}
940
941		/**
942	<	* Possibly executes other tasks until this task is ready, then
943	<	* returns the result of the computation.  This method may be more
944	<	* efficient than <code>join</code>, but is only applicable when
745	<	* there are no potemtial dependencies between continuation of the
746	<	* current task and that of any other task that might be executed
747	<	* while helping. (This usually holds for pure divide-and-conquer
748	<	* tasks). This method may be invoked only from within
749	<	* ForkJoinTask computations. Attempts to invoke in other contexts
750	<	* resul!t in exceptions or errors including ClassCastException.
942	>	* Waits if necessary for the computation to complete, and then
943	>	* retrieves its result.
944	>	*
945		* @return the computed result
946	+	* @throws CancellationException if the computation was cancelled
947	+	* @throws ExecutionException if the computation threw an
948	+	* exception
949	+	* @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is not a
950	+	* member of a ForkJoinPool and was interrupted while waiting
951		*/
952	<	public final V helpJoin() {
953	<	ForkJoinWorkerThread w = (ForkJoinWorkerThread)(Thread.currentThread());
954	<	if (status < 0 || !w.unpushTask(this) || !tryExec())
955	<	reportException(w.helpJoinTask(this));
952	>	public final V get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
953	>	int s = (Thread.currentThread() instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread) ?
954	>	doJoin() : externalInterruptibleAwaitDone();
955	>	Throwable ex;
956	>	if ((s &= DONE_MASK) == CANCELLED)
957	>	throw new CancellationException();
958	>	if (s == EXCEPTIONAL && (ex = getThrowableException()) != null)
959	>	throw new ExecutionException(ex);
960		return getRawResult();
961		}
962
963		/**
964	<	* Possibly executes other tasks until this task is ready.  This
965	<	* method may be invoked only from within ForkJoinTask
966	<	* computations. Attempts to invoke in other contexts resul!t in
967	<	* exceptions or errors including ClassCastException.
964	>	* Waits if necessary for at most the given time for the computation
965	>	* to complete, and then retrieves its result, if available.
966	>	*
967	>	* @param timeout the maximum time to wait
968	>	* @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument
969	>	* @return the computed result
970	>	* @throws CancellationException if the computation was cancelled
971	>	* @throws ExecutionException if the computation threw an
972	>	* exception
973	>	* @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is not a
974	>	* member of a ForkJoinPool and was interrupted while waiting
975	>	* @throws TimeoutException if the wait timed out
976		*/
977	<	public final void quietlyHelpJoin() {
978	<	if (status >= 0) {
979	<	ForkJoinWorkerThread w =
980	<	(ForkJoinWorkerThread)(Thread.currentThread());
981	<	if (!w.unpushTask(this) || !tryQuietlyInvoke())
982	<	w.helpJoinTask(this);
977	>	public final V get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
978	>	throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
979	>	if (Thread.interrupted())
980	>	throw new InterruptedException();
981	>	// Messy in part because we measure in nanosecs, but wait in millisecs
982	>	int s; long ms;
983	>	long ns = unit.toNanos(timeout);
984	>	if ((s = status) >= 0 && ns > 0L) {
985	>	long deadline = System.nanoTime() + ns;
986	>	ForkJoinPool p = null;
987	>	ForkJoinPool.WorkQueue w = null;
988	>	Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
989	>	if (t instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread) {
990	>	ForkJoinWorkerThread wt = (ForkJoinWorkerThread)t;
991	>	p = wt.pool;
992	>	w = wt.workQueue;
993	>	p.helpJoinOnce(w, this); // no retries on failure
994	>	}
995	>	else
996	>	ForkJoinPool.externalHelpJoin(this);
997	>	boolean canBlock = false;
998	>	boolean interrupted = false;
999	>	try {
1000	>	while ((s = status) >= 0) {
1001	>	if (w != null && w.qlock < 0)
1002	>	cancelIgnoringExceptions(this);
1003	>	else if (!canBlock) {
1004	>	if (p == null || p.tryCompensate())
1005	>	canBlock = true;
1006	>	}
1007	>	else {
1008	>	if ((ms = TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toMillis(ns)) > 0L &&
1009	>	U.compareAndSwapInt(this, STATUS, s, s | SIGNAL)) {
1010	>	synchronized (this) {
1011	>	if (status >= 0) {
1012	>	try {
1013	>	wait(ms);
1014	>	} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
1015	>	if (p == null)
1016	>	interrupted = true;
1017	>	}
1018	>	}
1019	>	else
1020	>	notifyAll();
1021	>	}
1022	>	}
1023	>	if ((s = status) < 0 || interrupted ||
1024	>	(ns = deadline - System.nanoTime()) <= 0L)
1025	>	break;
1026	>	}
1027	>	}
1028	>	} finally {
1029	>	if (p != null && canBlock)
1030	>	p.incrementActiveCount();
1031	>	}
1032	>	if (interrupted)
1033	>	throw new InterruptedException();
1034	>	}
1035	>	if ((s &= DONE_MASK) != NORMAL) {
1036	>	Throwable ex;
1037	>	if (s == CANCELLED)
1038	>	throw new CancellationException();
1039	>	if (s != EXCEPTIONAL)
1040	>	throw new TimeoutException();
1041	>	if ((ex = getThrowableException()) != null)
1042	>	throw new ExecutionException(ex);
1043		}
1044	+	return getRawResult();
1045		}
1046
1047		/**
1048	<	* Joins this task, without returning its result or throwing an
1048	>	* Joins this task, without returning its result or throwing its
1049		* exception. This method may be useful when processing
1050		* collections of tasks when some have been cancelled or otherwise
1051		* known to have aborted.
1052		*/
1053		public final void quietlyJoin() {
1054	<	if (status >= 0) {
783	<	ForkJoinWorkerThread w = getWorker();
784	<	if (w == null || !w.unpushTask(this) || !tryQuietlyInvoke())
785	<	awaitDone(w, true);
786	<	}
1054	>	doJoin();
1055		}
1056
1057		/**
1058		* Commences performing this task and awaits its completion if
1059	<	* necessary, without returning its result or throwing an
1060	<	* exception. This method may be useful when processing
793	<	* collections of tasks when some have been cancelled or otherwise
794	<	* known to have aborted.
1059	>	* necessary, without returning its result or throwing its
1060	>	* exception.
1061		*/
1062		public final void quietlyInvoke() {
1063	<	if (status >= 0 && !tryQuietlyInvoke())
1064	<	quietlyJoin();
1063	>	doInvoke();
1064	>	}
1065	>
1066	>	/**
1067	>	* Possibly executes tasks until the pool hosting the current task
1068	>	* {@link ForkJoinPool#isQuiescent is quiescent}. This method may
1069	>	* be of use in designs in which many tasks are forked, but none
1070	>	* are explicitly joined, instead executing them until all are
1071	>	* processed.
1072	>	*/
1073	>	public static void helpQuiesce() {
1074	>	Thread t;
1075	>	if ((t = Thread.currentThread()) instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread) {
1076	>	ForkJoinWorkerThread wt = (ForkJoinWorkerThread)t;
1077	>	wt.pool.helpQuiescePool(wt.workQueue);
1078	>	}
1079	>	else
1080	>	ForkJoinPool.quiesceCommonPool();
1081		}
1082
1083		/**
1084		* Resets the internal bookkeeping state of this task, allowing a
1085	<	* subsequent <code>fork</code>. This method allows repeated reuse of
1085	>	* subsequent {@code fork}. This method allows repeated reuse of
1086		* this task, but only if reuse occurs when this task has either
1087		* never been forked, or has been forked, then completed and all
1088		* outstanding joins of this task have also completed. Effects
1089	<	* under any other usage conditions are not guaranteed, and are
1090	<	* almost surely wrong. This method may be useful when executing
1089	>	* under any other usage conditions are not guaranteed.
1090	>	* This method may be useful when executing
1091		* pre-constructed trees of subtasks in loops.
1092	+	*
1093	+	* <p>Upon completion of this method, {@code isDone()} reports
1094	+	* {@code false}, and {@code getException()} reports {@code
1095	+	* null}. However, the value returned by {@code getRawResult} is
1096	+	* unaffected. To clear this value, you can invoke {@code
1097	+	* setRawResult(null)}.
1098		*/
1099		public void reinitialize() {
1100	<	if ((status & COMPLETION_MASK) == EXCEPTIONAL)
1101	<	exceptionMap.remove(this);
1102	<	status = 0;
1100	>	if ((status & DONE_MASK) == EXCEPTIONAL)
1101	>	clearExceptionalCompletion();
1102	>	else
1103	>	status = 0;
1104		}
1105
1106		/**
1107		* Returns the pool hosting the current task execution, or null
1108	<	* if this task is executing outside of any pool.
1109	<	* @return the pool, or null if none.
1108	>	* if this task is executing outside of any ForkJoinPool.
1109	>	*
1110	>	* @see #inForkJoinPool
1111	>	* @return the pool, or {@code null} if none
1112		*/
1113		public static ForkJoinPool getPool() {
1114		Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
1115	<	return ((t instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread)?
1116	<	((ForkJoinWorkerThread)t).pool : null);
1115	>	return (t instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread) ?
1116	>	((ForkJoinWorkerThread) t).pool : null;
1117		}
1118
1119		/**
1120	<	* Tries to unschedule this task for execution. This method will
1121	<	* typically succeed if this task is the most recently forked task
1122	<	* by the current thread, and has not commenced executing in
1123	<	* another thread.  This method may be useful when arranging
1124	<	* alternative local processing of tasks that could have been, but
1125	<	* were not, stolen. This method may be invoked only from within
835	<	* ForkJoinTask computations. Attempts to invoke in other contexts
836	<	* result in exceptions or errors including ClassCastException.
837	<	* @return true if unforked
1120	>	* Returns {@code true} if the current thread is a {@link
1121	>	* ForkJoinWorkerThread} executing as a ForkJoinPool computation.
1122	>	*
1123	>	* @return {@code true} if the current thread is a {@link
1124	>	* ForkJoinWorkerThread} executing as a ForkJoinPool computation,
1125	>	* or {@code false} otherwise
1126		*/
1127	<	public boolean tryUnfork() {
1128	<	return ((ForkJoinWorkerThread)(Thread.currentThread())).unpushTask(this);
1127	>	public static boolean inForkJoinPool() {
1128	>	return Thread.currentThread() instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread;
1129		}
1130
1131		/**
1132	<	* Possibly executes tasks until the pool hosting the current task
1133	<	* {@link ForkJoinPool#isQuiescent}. This method may be of use in
1134	<	* designs in which many tasks are forked, but none are explicitly
1135	<	* joined, instead executing them until all are processed.
1132	>	* Tries to unschedule this task for execution. This method will
1133	>	* typically (but is not guaranteed to) succeed if this task is
1134	>	* the most recently forked task by the current thread, and has
1135	>	* not commenced executing in another thread.  This method may be
1136	>	* useful when arranging alternative local processing of tasks
1137	>	* that could have been, but were not, stolen.
1138	>	*
1139	>	* @return {@code true} if unforked
1140		*/
1141	<	public static void helpQuiesce() {
1142	<	((ForkJoinWorkerThread)(Thread.currentThread())).
1143	<	helpQuiescePool();
1141	>	public boolean tryUnfork() {
1142	>	Thread t;
1143	>	return (((t = Thread.currentThread()) instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread) ?
1144	>	((ForkJoinWorkerThread)t).workQueue.tryUnpush(this) :
1145	>	ForkJoinPool.tryExternalUnpush(this));
1146		}
1147
1148		/**
#	Line 856 | Line 1150 | public abstract class ForkJoinTask<V> im
1150		* forked by the current worker thread but not yet executed. This
1151		* value may be useful for heuristic decisions about whether to
1152		* fork other tasks.
1153	+	*
1154		* @return the number of tasks
1155		*/
1156		public static int getQueuedTaskCount() {
1157	<	return ((ForkJoinWorkerThread)(Thread.currentThread())).
1158	<	getQueueSize();
1157	>	Thread t; ForkJoinPool.WorkQueue q;
1158	>	if ((t = Thread.currentThread()) instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread)
1159	>	q = ((ForkJoinWorkerThread)t).workQueue;
1160	>	else
1161	>	q = ForkJoinPool.commonSubmitterQueue();
1162	>	return (q == null) ? 0 : q.queueSize();
1163		}
1164
1165		/**
1166	<	* Returns a estimate of how many more locally queued tasks are
1166	>	* Returns an estimate of how many more locally queued tasks are
1167		* held by the current worker thread than there are other worker
1168	<	* threads that might steal them.  This value may be useful for
1168	>	* threads that might steal them, or zero if this thread is not
1169	>	* operating in a ForkJoinPool. This value may be useful for
1170		* heuristic decisions about whether to fork other tasks. In many
1171		* usages of ForkJoinTasks, at steady state, each worker should
1172		* aim to maintain a small constant surplus (for example, 3) of
1173		* tasks, and to process computations locally if this threshold is
1174		* exceeded.
1175	+	*
1176		* @return the surplus number of tasks, which may be negative
1177		*/
1178		public static int getSurplusQueuedTaskCount() {
1179	<	return ((ForkJoinWorkerThread)(Thread.currentThread()))
879	<	.getEstimatedSurplusTaskCount();
1179	>	return ForkJoinPool.getSurplusQueuedTaskCount();
1180		}
1181
1182		// Extension methods
1183
1184		/**
1185	<	* Returns the result that would be returned by <code>join</code>,
1186	<	* even if this task completed abnormally, or null if this task is
1187	<	* not known to have been completed.  This method is designed to
1188	<	* aid debugging, as well as to support extensions. Its use in any
1189	<	* other context is discouraged.
1185	>	* Returns the result that would be returned by {@link #join}, even
1186	>	* if this task completed abnormally, or {@code null} if this task
1187	>	* is not known to have been completed.  This method is designed
1188	>	* to aid debugging, as well as to support extensions. Its use in
1189	>	* any other context is discouraged.
1190		*
1191	<	* @return the result, or null if not completed.
1191	>	* @return the result, or {@code null} if not completed
1192		*/
1193		public abstract V getRawResult();
1194
#	Line 902 | Line 1202 | public abstract class ForkJoinTask<V> im
1202		protected abstract void setRawResult(V value);
1203
1204		/**
1205	<	* Immediately performs the base action of this task.  This method
1206	<	* is designed to support extensions, and should not in general be
1207	<	* called otherwise. The return value controls whether this task
1208	<	* is considered to be done normally. It may return false in
1205	>	* Immediately performs the base action of this task and returns
1206	>	* true if, upon return from this method, this task is guaranteed
1207	>	* to have completed normally. This method may return false
1208	>	* otherwise, to indicate that this task is not necessarily
1209	>	* complete (or is not known to be complete), for example in
1210		* asynchronous actions that require explicit invocations of
1211	<	* <code>complete</code> to become joinable. It may throw exceptions
1212	<	* to indicate abnormal exit.
1213	<	* @return true if completed normally
1214	<	* @throws Error or RuntimeException if encountered during computation
1211	>	* completion methods. This method may also throw an (unchecked)
1212	>	* exception to indicate abnormal exit. This method is designed to
1213	>	* support extensions, and should not in general be called
1214	>	* otherwise.
1215	>	*
1216	>	* @return {@code true} if this task is known to have completed normally
1217		*/
1218		protected abstract boolean exec();
1219
1220		/**
1221	<	* Returns, but does not unschedule or execute, the task most
1222	<	* recently forked by the current thread but not yet executed, if
1223	<	* one is available. There is no guarantee that this task will
1224	<	* actually be polled or executed next.
1225	<	* This method is designed primarily to support extensions,
1226	<	* and is unlikely to be useful otherwise.
1221	>	* Returns, but does not unschedule or execute, a task queued by
1222	>	* the current thread but not yet executed, if one is immediately
1223	>	* available. There is no guarantee that this task will actually
1224	>	* be polled or executed next. Conversely, this method may return
1225	>	* null even if a task exists but cannot be accessed without
1226	>	* contention with other threads.  This method is designed
1227	>	* primarily to support extensions, and is unlikely to be useful
1228	>	* otherwise.
1229		*
1230	<	* @return the next task, or null if none are available
1230	>	* @return the next task, or {@code null} if none are available
1231		*/
1232		protected static ForkJoinTask<?> peekNextLocalTask() {
1233	<	return ((ForkJoinWorkerThread)(Thread.currentThread())).peekTask();
1233	>	Thread t; ForkJoinPool.WorkQueue q;
1234	>	if ((t = Thread.currentThread()) instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread)
1235	>	q = ((ForkJoinWorkerThread)t).workQueue;
1236	>	else
1237	>	q = ForkJoinPool.commonSubmitterQueue();
1238	>	return (q == null) ? null : q.peek();
1239		}
1240
1241		/**
1242	<	* Unschedules and returns, without executing, the task most
1243	<	* recently forked by the current thread but not yet executed.
1244	<	* This method is designed primarily to support extensions,
1245	<	* and is unlikely to be useful otherwise.
1242	>	* Unschedules and returns, without executing, the next task
1243	>	* queued by the current thread but not yet executed, if the
1244	>	* current thread is operating in a ForkJoinPool.  This method is
1245	>	* designed primarily to support extensions, and is unlikely to be
1246	>	* useful otherwise.
1247		*
1248	<	* @return the next task, or null if none are available
1248	>	* @return the next task, or {@code null} if none are available
1249		*/
1250		protected static ForkJoinTask<?> pollNextLocalTask() {
1251	<	return ((ForkJoinWorkerThread)(Thread.currentThread())).popTask();
1251	>	Thread t;
1252	>	return ((t = Thread.currentThread()) instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread) ?
1253	>	((ForkJoinWorkerThread)t).workQueue.nextLocalTask() :
1254	>	null;
1255		}
1256
1257		/**
1258	<	* Unschedules and returns, without executing, the task most
1259	<	* recently forked by the current thread but not yet executed, if
1260	<	* one is available, or if not available, a task that was forked
1261	<	* by some other thread, if available. Availability may be
1262	<	* transient, so a <code>null</code> result does not necessarily
1263	<	* imply quiecence of the pool this task is operating in.
1264	<	* This method is designed primarily to support extensions,
1265	<	* and is unlikely to be useful otherwise.
1266	<	*
1267	<	* @return a task, or null if none are available
1258	>	* If the current thread is operating in a ForkJoinPool,
1259	>	* unschedules and returns, without executing, the next task
1260	>	* queued by the current thread but not yet executed, if one is
1261	>	* available, or if not available, a task that was forked by some
1262	>	* other thread, if available. Availability may be transient, so a
1263	>	* {@code null} result does not necessarily imply quiescence of
1264	>	* the pool this task is operating in.  This method is designed
1265	>	* primarily to support extensions, and is unlikely to be useful
1266	>	* otherwise.
1267	>	*
1268	>	* @return a task, or {@code null} if none are available
1269		*/
1270		protected static ForkJoinTask<?> pollTask() {
1271	<	return ((ForkJoinWorkerThread)(Thread.currentThread())).
1272	<	getLocalOrStolenTask();
1271	>	Thread t; ForkJoinWorkerThread wt;
1272	>	return ((t = Thread.currentThread()) instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread) ?
1273	>	(wt = (ForkJoinWorkerThread)t).pool.nextTaskFor(wt.workQueue) :
1274	>	null;
1275	>	}
1276	>
1277	>	// tag operations
1278	>
1279	>	/**
1280	>	* Returns the tag for this task.
1281	>	*
1282	>	* @return the tag for this task
1283	>	* @since 1.8
1284	>	*/
1285	>	public final short getForkJoinTaskTag() {
1286	>	return (short)status;
1287	>	}
1288	>
1289	>	/**
1290	>	* Atomically sets the tag value for this task.
1291	>	*
1292	>	* @param tag the tag value
1293	>	* @return the previous value of the tag
1294	>	* @since 1.8
1295	>	*/
1296	>	public final short setForkJoinTaskTag(short tag) {
1297	>	for (int s;;) {
1298	>	if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, STATUS, s = status,
1299	>	(s & ~SMASK) | (tag & SMASK)))
1300	>	return (short)s;
1301	>	}
1302	>	}
1303	>
1304	>	/**
1305	>	* Atomically conditionally sets the tag value for this task.
1306	>	* Among other applications, tags can be used as visit markers
1307	>	* in tasks operating on graphs, as in methods that check: {@code
1308	>	* if (task.compareAndSetForkJoinTaskTag((short)0, (short)1))}
1309	>	* before processing, otherwise exiting because the node has
1310	>	* already been visited.
1311	>	*
1312	>	* @param e the expected tag value
1313	>	* @param tag the new tag value
1314	>	* @return true if successful; i.e., the current value was
1315	>	* equal to e and is now tag.
1316	>	* @since 1.8
1317	>	*/
1318	>	public final boolean compareAndSetForkJoinTaskTag(short e, short tag) {
1319	>	for (int s;;) {
1320	>	if ((short)(s = status) != e)
1321	>	return false;
1322	>	if (U.compareAndSwapInt(this, STATUS, s,
1323	>	(s & ~SMASK) | (tag & SMASK)))
1324	>	return true;
1325	>	}
1326	>	}
1327	>
1328	>	/**
1329	>	* Adaptor for Runnables. This implements RunnableFuture
1330	>	* to be compliant with AbstractExecutorService constraints
1331	>	* when used in ForkJoinPool.
1332	>	*/
1333	>	static final class AdaptedRunnable<T> extends ForkJoinTask<T>
1334	>	implements RunnableFuture<T> {
1335	>	final Runnable runnable;
1336	>	T result;
1337	>	AdaptedRunnable(Runnable runnable, T result) {
1338	>	if (runnable == null) throw new NullPointerException();
1339	>	this.runnable = runnable;
1340	>	this.result = result; // OK to set this even before completion
1341	>	}
1342	>	public final T getRawResult() { return result; }
1343	>	public final void setRawResult(T v) { result = v; }
1344	>	public final boolean exec() { runnable.run(); return true; }
1345	>	public final void run() { invoke(); }
1346	>	private static final long serialVersionUID = 5232453952276885070L;
1347	>	}
1348	>
1349	>	/**
1350	>	* Adaptor for Runnables without results
1351	>	*/
1352	>	static final class AdaptedRunnableAction extends ForkJoinTask<Void>
1353	>	implements RunnableFuture<Void> {
1354	>	final Runnable runnable;
1355	>	AdaptedRunnableAction(Runnable runnable) {
1356	>	if (runnable == null) throw new NullPointerException();
1357	>	this.runnable = runnable;
1358	>	}
1359	>	public final Void getRawResult() { return null; }
1360	>	public final void setRawResult(Void v) { }
1361	>	public final boolean exec() { runnable.run(); return true; }
1362	>	public final void run() { invoke(); }
1363	>	private static final long serialVersionUID = 5232453952276885070L;
1364	>	}
1365	>
1366	>	/**
1367	>	* Adaptor for Callables
1368	>	*/
1369	>	static final class AdaptedCallable<T> extends ForkJoinTask<T>
1370	>	implements RunnableFuture<T> {
1371	>	final Callable<? extends T> callable;
1372	>	T result;
1373	>	AdaptedCallable(Callable<? extends T> callable) {
1374	>	if (callable == null) throw new NullPointerException();
1375	>	this.callable = callable;
1376	>	}
1377	>	public final T getRawResult() { return result; }
1378	>	public final void setRawResult(T v) { result = v; }
1379	>	public final boolean exec() {
1380	>	try {
1381	>	result = callable.call();
1382	>	return true;
1383	>	} catch (Error err) {
1384	>	throw err;
1385	>	} catch (RuntimeException rex) {
1386	>	throw rex;
1387	>	} catch (Exception ex) {
1388	>	throw new RuntimeException(ex);
1389	>	}
1390	>	}
1391	>	public final void run() { invoke(); }
1392	>	private static final long serialVersionUID = 2838392045355241008L;
1393	>	}
1394	>
1395	>	/**
1396	>	* Returns a new {@code ForkJoinTask} that performs the {@code run}
1397	>	* method of the given {@code Runnable} as its action, and returns
1398	>	* a null result upon {@link #join}.
1399	>	*
1400	>	* @param runnable the runnable action
1401	>	* @return the task
1402	>	*/
1403	>	public static ForkJoinTask<?> adapt(Runnable runnable) {
1404	>	return new AdaptedRunnableAction(runnable);
1405	>	}
1406	>
1407	>	/**
1408	>	* Returns a new {@code ForkJoinTask} that performs the {@code run}
1409	>	* method of the given {@code Runnable} as its action, and returns
1410	>	* the given result upon {@link #join}.
1411	>	*
1412	>	* @param runnable the runnable action
1413	>	* @param result the result upon completion
1414	>	* @return the task
1415	>	*/
1416	>	public static <T> ForkJoinTask<T> adapt(Runnable runnable, T result) {
1417	>	return new AdaptedRunnable<T>(runnable, result);
1418	>	}
1419	>
1420	>	/**
1421	>	* Returns a new {@code ForkJoinTask} that performs the {@code call}
1422	>	* method of the given {@code Callable} as its action, and returns
1423	>	* its result upon {@link #join}, translating any checked exceptions
1424	>	* encountered into {@code RuntimeException}.
1425	>	*
1426	>	* @param callable the callable action
1427	>	* @return the task
1428	>	*/
1429	>	public static <T> ForkJoinTask<T> adapt(Callable<? extends T> callable) {
1430	>	return new AdaptedCallable<T>(callable);
1431		}
1432
1433		// Serialization support
#	Line 962 | Line 1435 | public abstract class ForkJoinTask<V> im
1435		private static final long serialVersionUID = -7721805057305804111L;
1436
1437		/**
1438	<	* Save the state to a stream.
1438	>	* Saves this task to a stream (that is, serializes it).
1439		*
1440		* @serialData the current run status and the exception thrown
1441	<	* during execution, or null if none.
969	<	* @param s the stream
1441	>	* during execution, or {@code null} if none
1442		*/
1443		private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
1444		throws java.io.IOException {
#	Line 975 | Line 1447 | public abstract class ForkJoinTask<V> im
1447		}
1448
1449		/**
1450	<	* Reconstitute the instance from a stream.
979	<	* @param s the stream
1450	>	* Reconstitutes this task from a stream (that is, deserializes it).
1451		*/
1452		private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
1453		throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
1454		s.defaultReadObject();
984	–	status &= ~INTERNAL_SIGNAL_MASK; // clear internal signal counts
985	–	status |= EXTERNAL_SIGNAL; // conservatively set external signal
1455		Object ex = s.readObject();
1456		if (ex != null)
1457	<	setDoneExceptionally((Throwable)ex);
1457	>	setExceptionalCompletion((Throwable)ex);
1458		}
1459
1460	<	// Temporary Unsafe mechanics for preliminary release
1461	<
1462	<	static final Unsafe _unsafe;
994	<	static final long statusOffset;
1460	>	// Unsafe mechanics
1461	>	private static final sun.misc.Unsafe U;
1462	>	private static final long STATUS;
1463
1464		static {
1465	+	exceptionTableLock = new ReentrantLock();
1466	+	exceptionTableRefQueue = new ReferenceQueue<Object>();
1467	+	exceptionTable = new ExceptionNode[EXCEPTION_MAP_CAPACITY];
1468		try {
1469	<	if (ForkJoinTask.class.getClassLoader() != null) {
1470	<	Field f = Unsafe.class.getDeclaredField("theUnsafe");
1471	<	f.setAccessible(true);
1472	<	_unsafe = (Unsafe)f.get(null);
1473	<	}
1474	<	else
1475	<	_unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
1005	<	statusOffset = _unsafe.objectFieldOffset
1006	<	(ForkJoinTask.class.getDeclaredField("status"));
1007	<	} catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); }
1469	>	U = getUnsafe();
1470	>	Class<?> k = ForkJoinTask.class;
1471	>	STATUS = U.objectFieldOffset
1472	>	(k.getDeclaredField("status"));
1473	>	} catch (Exception e) {
1474	>	throw new Error(e);
1475	>	}
1476		}
1477
1478	+	/**
1479	+	* Returns a sun.misc.Unsafe.  Suitable for use in a 3rd party package.
1480	+	* Replace with a simple call to Unsafe.getUnsafe when integrating
1481	+	* into a jdk.
1482	+	*
1483	+	* @return a sun.misc.Unsafe
1484	+	*/
1485	+	private static sun.misc.Unsafe getUnsafe() {
1486	+	try {
1487	+	return sun.misc.Unsafe.getUnsafe();
1488	+	} catch (SecurityException tryReflectionInstead) {}
1489	+	try {
1490	+	return java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged
1491	+	(new java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction<sun.misc.Unsafe>() {
1492	+	public sun.misc.Unsafe run() throws Exception {
1493	+	Class<sun.misc.Unsafe> k = sun.misc.Unsafe.class;
1494	+	for (java.lang.reflect.Field f : k.getDeclaredFields()) {
1495	+	f.setAccessible(true);
1496	+	Object x = f.get(null);
1497	+	if (k.isInstance(x))
1498	+	return k.cast(x);
1499	+	}
1500	+	throw new NoSuchFieldError("the Unsafe");
1501	+	}});
1502	+	} catch (java.security.PrivilegedActionException e) {
1503	+	throw new RuntimeException("Could not initialize intrinsics",
1504	+	e.getCause());
1505	+	}
1506	+	}
1507		}

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