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root/jsr166/jsr166/src/main/java/util/ArrayDeque.java
Revision: 1.56
Committed: Thu Jul 18 17:48:28 2013 UTC (10 years, 10 months ago) by jsr166
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 1.55: +2 -0 lines
Log Message:
javadoc warning fixes: add serialization method @param

File Contents

# User Rev Content
1 dl 1.1 /*
2 dl 1.47 * Written by Josh Bloch of Google Inc. and released to the public domain,
3     * as explained at http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/.
4 dl 1.1 */
5    
6     package java.util;
7 dl 1.47 import java.io.Serializable;
8     import java.util.function.Consumer;
9 dl 1.41 import java.util.stream.Stream;
10 dl 1.1
11     /**
12     * Resizable-array implementation of the {@link Deque} interface. Array
13     * deques have no capacity restrictions; they grow as necessary to support
14     * usage. They are not thread-safe; in the absence of external
15     * synchronization, they do not support concurrent access by multiple threads.
16     * Null elements are prohibited. This class is likely to be faster than
17 dl 1.2 * {@link Stack} when used as a stack, and faster than {@link LinkedList}
18 dl 1.1 * when used as a queue.
19     *
20 jsr166 1.43 * <p>Most {@code ArrayDeque} operations run in amortized constant time.
21 jsr166 1.51 * Exceptions include
22     * {@link #remove(Object) remove},
23     * {@link #removeFirstOccurrence removeFirstOccurrence},
24     * {@link #removeLastOccurrence removeLastOccurrence},
25     * {@link #contains contains},
26     * {@link #iterator iterator.remove()},
27     * and the bulk operations, all of which run in linear time.
28 dl 1.41 *
29 jsr166 1.51 * <p>The iterators returned by this class's {@link #iterator() iterator}
30     * method are <em>fail-fast</em>: If the deque is modified at any time after
31     * the iterator is created, in any way except through the iterator's own
32     * {@code remove} method, the iterator will generally throw a {@link
33 jsr166 1.7 * ConcurrentModificationException}. Thus, in the face of concurrent
34     * modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather than risking
35     * arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined time in the
36     * future.
37 dl 1.1 *
38     * <p>Note that the fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed
39     * as it is, generally speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the
40     * presence of unsynchronized concurrent modification. Fail-fast iterators
41 jsr166 1.43 * throw {@code ConcurrentModificationException} on a best-effort basis.
42 dl 1.1 * Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this
43     * exception for its correctness: <i>the fail-fast behavior of iterators
44     * should be used only to detect bugs.</i>
45     *
46     * <p>This class and its iterator implement all of the
47 jsr166 1.9 * <em>optional</em> methods of the {@link Collection} and {@link
48     * Iterator} interfaces.
49     *
50     * <p>This class is a member of the
51 jsr166 1.29 * <a href="{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/collections/index.html">
52 jsr166 1.9 * Java Collections Framework</a>.
53 dl 1.1 *
54     * @author Josh Bloch and Doug Lea
55     * @since 1.6
56     * @param <E> the type of elements held in this collection
57     */
58     public class ArrayDeque<E> extends AbstractCollection<E>
59 dl 1.47 implements Deque<E>, Cloneable, Serializable
60 dl 1.1 {
61     /**
62 dl 1.4 * The array in which the elements of the deque are stored.
63 dl 1.1 * The capacity of the deque is the length of this array, which is
64     * always a power of two. The array is never allowed to become
65     * full, except transiently within an addX method where it is
66     * resized (see doubleCapacity) immediately upon becoming full,
67     * thus avoiding head and tail wrapping around to equal each
68     * other. We also guarantee that all array cells not holding
69     * deque elements are always null.
70     */
71 dl 1.41 transient Object[] elements; // non-private to simplify nested class access
72 dl 1.1
73     /**
74     * The index of the element at the head of the deque (which is the
75     * element that would be removed by remove() or pop()); or an
76     * arbitrary number equal to tail if the deque is empty.
77     */
78 dl 1.41 transient int head;
79 dl 1.1
80     /**
81     * The index at which the next element would be added to the tail
82     * of the deque (via addLast(E), add(E), or push(E)).
83     */
84 dl 1.41 transient int tail;
85 dl 1.1
86     /**
87     * The minimum capacity that we'll use for a newly created deque.
88     * Must be a power of 2.
89     */
90     private static final int MIN_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 8;
91    
92     // ****** Array allocation and resizing utilities ******
93    
94     /**
95 jsr166 1.39 * Allocates empty array to hold the given number of elements.
96 dl 1.1 *
97 jsr166 1.9 * @param numElements the number of elements to hold
98 dl 1.1 */
99 dl 1.5 private void allocateElements(int numElements) {
100 dl 1.1 int initialCapacity = MIN_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
101     // Find the best power of two to hold elements.
102     // Tests "<=" because arrays aren't kept full.
103     if (numElements >= initialCapacity) {
104     initialCapacity = numElements;
105     initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 1);
106     initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 2);
107     initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 4);
108     initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 8);
109     initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 16);
110     initialCapacity++;
111    
112     if (initialCapacity < 0) // Too many elements, must back off
113     initialCapacity >>>= 1;// Good luck allocating 2 ^ 30 elements
114     }
115 jsr166 1.34 elements = new Object[initialCapacity];
116 dl 1.1 }
117    
118     /**
119 jsr166 1.39 * Doubles the capacity of this deque. Call only when full, i.e.,
120 dl 1.1 * when head and tail have wrapped around to become equal.
121     */
122     private void doubleCapacity() {
123 dl 1.5 assert head == tail;
124 dl 1.1 int p = head;
125     int n = elements.length;
126     int r = n - p; // number of elements to the right of p
127     int newCapacity = n << 1;
128     if (newCapacity < 0)
129     throw new IllegalStateException("Sorry, deque too big");
130     Object[] a = new Object[newCapacity];
131     System.arraycopy(elements, p, a, 0, r);
132     System.arraycopy(elements, 0, a, r, p);
133 jsr166 1.34 elements = a;
134 dl 1.1 head = 0;
135     tail = n;
136     }
137    
138     /**
139 dl 1.4 * Constructs an empty array deque with an initial capacity
140 dl 1.1 * sufficient to hold 16 elements.
141     */
142     public ArrayDeque() {
143 jsr166 1.34 elements = new Object[16];
144 dl 1.1 }
145    
146     /**
147     * Constructs an empty array deque with an initial capacity
148     * sufficient to hold the specified number of elements.
149     *
150     * @param numElements lower bound on initial capacity of the deque
151     */
152     public ArrayDeque(int numElements) {
153     allocateElements(numElements);
154     }
155    
156     /**
157     * Constructs a deque containing the elements of the specified
158     * collection, in the order they are returned by the collection's
159     * iterator. (The first element returned by the collection's
160     * iterator becomes the first element, or <i>front</i> of the
161     * deque.)
162     *
163     * @param c the collection whose elements are to be placed into the deque
164     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null
165     */
166     public ArrayDeque(Collection<? extends E> c) {
167     allocateElements(c.size());
168     addAll(c);
169     }
170    
171     // The main insertion and extraction methods are addFirst,
172     // addLast, pollFirst, pollLast. The other methods are defined in
173     // terms of these.
174    
175     /**
176 dl 1.5 * Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque.
177 dl 1.1 *
178 jsr166 1.9 * @param e the element to add
179     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
180 dl 1.1 */
181     public void addFirst(E e) {
182     if (e == null)
183     throw new NullPointerException();
184     elements[head = (head - 1) & (elements.length - 1)] = e;
185 dl 1.5 if (head == tail)
186 dl 1.1 doubleCapacity();
187     }
188    
189     /**
190 dl 1.6 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
191 jsr166 1.14 *
192     * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #add}.
193 dl 1.1 *
194 jsr166 1.9 * @param e the element to add
195     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
196 dl 1.1 */
197     public void addLast(E e) {
198     if (e == null)
199     throw new NullPointerException();
200     elements[tail] = e;
201     if ( (tail = (tail + 1) & (elements.length - 1)) == head)
202     doubleCapacity();
203     }
204    
205     /**
206 dl 1.5 * Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque.
207 dl 1.1 *
208 jsr166 1.9 * @param e the element to add
209 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Deque#offerFirst})
210 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
211 dl 1.1 */
212     public boolean offerFirst(E e) {
213     addFirst(e);
214     return true;
215     }
216    
217     /**
218 dl 1.6 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
219 dl 1.1 *
220 jsr166 1.9 * @param e the element to add
221 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Deque#offerLast})
222 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
223 dl 1.1 */
224     public boolean offerLast(E e) {
225     addLast(e);
226     return true;
227     }
228    
229     /**
230 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
231 dl 1.1 */
232     public E removeFirst() {
233     E x = pollFirst();
234     if (x == null)
235     throw new NoSuchElementException();
236     return x;
237     }
238    
239     /**
240 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
241 dl 1.1 */
242     public E removeLast() {
243     E x = pollLast();
244     if (x == null)
245     throw new NoSuchElementException();
246     return x;
247     }
248    
249 jsr166 1.9 public E pollFirst() {
250     int h = head;
251 jsr166 1.37 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
252     E result = (E) elements[h];
253 jsr166 1.34 // Element is null if deque empty
254 jsr166 1.9 if (result == null)
255     return null;
256     elements[h] = null; // Must null out slot
257     head = (h + 1) & (elements.length - 1);
258     return result;
259 dl 1.1 }
260    
261 jsr166 1.9 public E pollLast() {
262     int t = (tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1);
263 jsr166 1.37 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
264     E result = (E) elements[t];
265 jsr166 1.9 if (result == null)
266     return null;
267     elements[t] = null;
268     tail = t;
269     return result;
270 dl 1.1 }
271    
272     /**
273 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
274 dl 1.1 */
275     public E getFirst() {
276 jsr166 1.37 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
277     E result = (E) elements[head];
278 jsr166 1.34 if (result == null)
279 dl 1.1 throw new NoSuchElementException();
280 jsr166 1.34 return result;
281 dl 1.1 }
282    
283     /**
284 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
285 dl 1.1 */
286     public E getLast() {
287 jsr166 1.34 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
288     E result = (E) elements[(tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1)];
289     if (result == null)
290 dl 1.1 throw new NoSuchElementException();
291 jsr166 1.34 return result;
292 dl 1.1 }
293    
294 jsr166 1.35 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
295 jsr166 1.9 public E peekFirst() {
296 jsr166 1.34 // elements[head] is null if deque empty
297 jsr166 1.35 return (E) elements[head];
298 jsr166 1.9 }
299    
300 jsr166 1.35 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
301 jsr166 1.9 public E peekLast() {
302 jsr166 1.35 return (E) elements[(tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1)];
303 jsr166 1.9 }
304    
305 dl 1.1 /**
306     * Removes the first occurrence of the specified element in this
307 jsr166 1.9 * deque (when traversing the deque from head to tail).
308     * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
309 jsr166 1.40 * More formally, removes the first element {@code e} such that
310     * {@code o.equals(e)} (if such an element exists).
311     * Returns {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
312 jsr166 1.12 * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
313 dl 1.1 *
314 dl 1.5 * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present
315 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} if the deque contained the specified element
316 dl 1.1 */
317 dl 1.5 public boolean removeFirstOccurrence(Object o) {
318     if (o == null)
319 dl 1.1 return false;
320     int mask = elements.length - 1;
321     int i = head;
322 jsr166 1.34 Object x;
323 dl 1.1 while ( (x = elements[i]) != null) {
324 dl 1.5 if (o.equals(x)) {
325 dl 1.1 delete(i);
326     return true;
327     }
328     i = (i + 1) & mask;
329     }
330     return false;
331     }
332    
333     /**
334     * Removes the last occurrence of the specified element in this
335 jsr166 1.9 * deque (when traversing the deque from head to tail).
336     * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
337 jsr166 1.40 * More formally, removes the last element {@code e} such that
338     * {@code o.equals(e)} (if such an element exists).
339     * Returns {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
340 jsr166 1.12 * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
341 dl 1.1 *
342 dl 1.5 * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present
343 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} if the deque contained the specified element
344 dl 1.1 */
345 dl 1.5 public boolean removeLastOccurrence(Object o) {
346     if (o == null)
347 dl 1.1 return false;
348     int mask = elements.length - 1;
349     int i = (tail - 1) & mask;
350 jsr166 1.34 Object x;
351 dl 1.1 while ( (x = elements[i]) != null) {
352 dl 1.5 if (o.equals(x)) {
353 dl 1.1 delete(i);
354     return true;
355     }
356     i = (i - 1) & mask;
357     }
358     return false;
359     }
360    
361     // *** Queue methods ***
362    
363     /**
364 dl 1.6 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
365 dl 1.1 *
366     * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #addLast}.
367     *
368 jsr166 1.9 * @param e the element to add
369 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Collection#add})
370 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
371 dl 1.1 */
372     public boolean add(E e) {
373     addLast(e);
374     return true;
375     }
376    
377     /**
378 jsr166 1.9 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
379 dl 1.1 *
380 jsr166 1.9 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #offerLast}.
381 dl 1.1 *
382 jsr166 1.9 * @param e the element to add
383 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Queue#offer})
384 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
385 dl 1.1 */
386 jsr166 1.9 public boolean offer(E e) {
387     return offerLast(e);
388 dl 1.1 }
389    
390     /**
391     * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque.
392 jsr166 1.15 *
393     * This method differs from {@link #poll poll} only in that it throws an
394 jsr166 1.9 * exception if this deque is empty.
395 dl 1.1 *
396     * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirst}.
397     *
398     * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque
399 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
400 dl 1.1 */
401     public E remove() {
402     return removeFirst();
403     }
404    
405     /**
406 jsr166 1.9 * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque
407     * (in other words, the first element of this deque), or returns
408 jsr166 1.40 * {@code null} if this deque is empty.
409 dl 1.1 *
410 jsr166 1.9 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #pollFirst}.
411 dl 1.1 *
412     * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque, or
413 jsr166 1.40 * {@code null} if this deque is empty
414 dl 1.1 */
415 jsr166 1.9 public E poll() {
416     return pollFirst();
417 dl 1.1 }
418    
419     /**
420     * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by
421 jsr166 1.15 * this deque. This method differs from {@link #peek peek} only in
422     * that it throws an exception if this deque is empty.
423 dl 1.1 *
424 jsr166 1.8 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #getFirst}.
425 dl 1.1 *
426     * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque
427 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
428 dl 1.1 */
429     public E element() {
430     return getFirst();
431     }
432    
433 jsr166 1.9 /**
434     * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by
435 jsr166 1.40 * this deque, or returns {@code null} if this deque is empty.
436 jsr166 1.9 *
437     * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #peekFirst}.
438     *
439     * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque, or
440 jsr166 1.40 * {@code null} if this deque is empty
441 jsr166 1.9 */
442     public E peek() {
443     return peekFirst();
444     }
445    
446 dl 1.1 // *** Stack methods ***
447    
448     /**
449     * Pushes an element onto the stack represented by this deque. In other
450 dl 1.5 * words, inserts the element at the front of this deque.
451 dl 1.1 *
452     * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #addFirst}.
453     *
454     * @param e the element to push
455 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
456 dl 1.1 */
457     public void push(E e) {
458     addFirst(e);
459     }
460    
461     /**
462     * Pops an element from the stack represented by this deque. In other
463 dl 1.2 * words, removes and returns the first element of this deque.
464 dl 1.1 *
465     * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirst()}.
466     *
467     * @return the element at the front of this deque (which is the top
468 jsr166 1.9 * of the stack represented by this deque)
469     * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
470 dl 1.1 */
471     public E pop() {
472     return removeFirst();
473     }
474    
475 jsr166 1.25 private void checkInvariants() {
476 jsr166 1.30 assert elements[tail] == null;
477     assert head == tail ? elements[head] == null :
478     (elements[head] != null &&
479     elements[(tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1)] != null);
480     assert elements[(head - 1) & (elements.length - 1)] == null;
481 jsr166 1.25 }
482    
483 dl 1.1 /**
484 jsr166 1.7 * Removes the element at the specified position in the elements array,
485 jsr166 1.9 * adjusting head and tail as necessary. This can result in motion of
486     * elements backwards or forwards in the array.
487 dl 1.1 *
488 dl 1.5 * <p>This method is called delete rather than remove to emphasize
489 jsr166 1.9 * that its semantics differ from those of {@link List#remove(int)}.
490 dl 1.5 *
491 dl 1.1 * @return true if elements moved backwards
492     */
493     private boolean delete(int i) {
494 jsr166 1.30 checkInvariants();
495 jsr166 1.34 final Object[] elements = this.elements;
496 jsr166 1.30 final int mask = elements.length - 1;
497     final int h = head;
498     final int t = tail;
499     final int front = (i - h) & mask;
500     final int back = (t - i) & mask;
501    
502     // Invariant: head <= i < tail mod circularity
503     if (front >= ((t - h) & mask))
504     throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
505    
506     // Optimize for least element motion
507     if (front < back) {
508     if (h <= i) {
509     System.arraycopy(elements, h, elements, h + 1, front);
510     } else { // Wrap around
511     System.arraycopy(elements, 0, elements, 1, i);
512     elements[0] = elements[mask];
513     System.arraycopy(elements, h, elements, h + 1, mask - h);
514     }
515     elements[h] = null;
516     head = (h + 1) & mask;
517     return false;
518     } else {
519     if (i < t) { // Copy the null tail as well
520     System.arraycopy(elements, i + 1, elements, i, back);
521     tail = t - 1;
522     } else { // Wrap around
523     System.arraycopy(elements, i + 1, elements, i, mask - i);
524     elements[mask] = elements[0];
525     System.arraycopy(elements, 1, elements, 0, t);
526     tail = (t - 1) & mask;
527     }
528     return true;
529     }
530 dl 1.23 }
531    
532 dl 1.1 // *** Collection Methods ***
533    
534     /**
535     * Returns the number of elements in this deque.
536     *
537     * @return the number of elements in this deque
538     */
539     public int size() {
540     return (tail - head) & (elements.length - 1);
541     }
542    
543     /**
544 jsr166 1.40 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contains no elements.
545 dl 1.1 *
546 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} if this deque contains no elements
547 dl 1.1 */
548     public boolean isEmpty() {
549     return head == tail;
550     }
551    
552     /**
553     * Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque. The elements
554     * will be ordered from first (head) to last (tail). This is the same
555     * order that elements would be dequeued (via successive calls to
556     * {@link #remove} or popped (via successive calls to {@link #pop}).
557 dl 1.5 *
558 jsr166 1.18 * @return an iterator over the elements in this deque
559 dl 1.1 */
560     public Iterator<E> iterator() {
561     return new DeqIterator();
562     }
563    
564 dl 1.16 public Iterator<E> descendingIterator() {
565     return new DescendingIterator();
566     }
567    
568 dl 1.1 private class DeqIterator implements Iterator<E> {
569     /**
570     * Index of element to be returned by subsequent call to next.
571     */
572     private int cursor = head;
573    
574     /**
575     * Tail recorded at construction (also in remove), to stop
576     * iterator and also to check for comodification.
577     */
578     private int fence = tail;
579    
580     /**
581     * Index of element returned by most recent call to next.
582     * Reset to -1 if element is deleted by a call to remove.
583     */
584     private int lastRet = -1;
585    
586     public boolean hasNext() {
587     return cursor != fence;
588     }
589    
590     public E next() {
591     if (cursor == fence)
592     throw new NoSuchElementException();
593 jsr166 1.37 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
594     E result = (E) elements[cursor];
595 dl 1.1 // This check doesn't catch all possible comodifications,
596     // but does catch the ones that corrupt traversal
597 jsr166 1.26 if (tail != fence || result == null)
598 dl 1.1 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
599     lastRet = cursor;
600     cursor = (cursor + 1) & (elements.length - 1);
601     return result;
602     }
603    
604     public void remove() {
605     if (lastRet < 0)
606     throw new IllegalStateException();
607 jsr166 1.26 if (delete(lastRet)) { // if left-shifted, undo increment in next()
608 dl 1.17 cursor = (cursor - 1) & (elements.length - 1);
609 jsr166 1.30 fence = tail;
610     }
611 dl 1.1 lastRet = -1;
612     }
613     }
614    
615 jsr166 1.52 /**
616     * This class is nearly a mirror-image of DeqIterator, using tail
617     * instead of head for initial cursor, and head instead of tail
618     * for fence.
619     */
620 dl 1.16 private class DescendingIterator implements Iterator<E> {
621 jsr166 1.26 private int cursor = tail;
622     private int fence = head;
623     private int lastRet = -1;
624 dl 1.16
625     public boolean hasNext() {
626     return cursor != fence;
627     }
628    
629     public E next() {
630     if (cursor == fence)
631     throw new NoSuchElementException();
632 jsr166 1.26 cursor = (cursor - 1) & (elements.length - 1);
633 jsr166 1.37 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
634     E result = (E) elements[cursor];
635 jsr166 1.26 if (head != fence || result == null)
636 dl 1.16 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
637     lastRet = cursor;
638     return result;
639     }
640    
641     public void remove() {
642 jsr166 1.26 if (lastRet < 0)
643 dl 1.16 throw new IllegalStateException();
644 jsr166 1.26 if (!delete(lastRet)) {
645 dl 1.17 cursor = (cursor + 1) & (elements.length - 1);
646 jsr166 1.30 fence = head;
647     }
648 jsr166 1.26 lastRet = -1;
649 dl 1.16 }
650     }
651    
652 dl 1.1 /**
653 jsr166 1.40 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contains the specified element.
654     * More formally, returns {@code true} if and only if this deque contains
655     * at least one element {@code e} such that {@code o.equals(e)}.
656 dl 1.1 *
657     * @param o object to be checked for containment in this deque
658 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} if this deque contains the specified element
659 dl 1.1 */
660     public boolean contains(Object o) {
661     if (o == null)
662     return false;
663     int mask = elements.length - 1;
664     int i = head;
665 jsr166 1.34 Object x;
666 dl 1.1 while ( (x = elements[i]) != null) {
667     if (o.equals(x))
668     return true;
669     i = (i + 1) & mask;
670     }
671     return false;
672     }
673    
674     /**
675     * Removes a single instance of the specified element from this deque.
676 jsr166 1.9 * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
677 jsr166 1.40 * More formally, removes the first element {@code e} such that
678     * {@code o.equals(e)} (if such an element exists).
679     * Returns {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
680 jsr166 1.12 * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
681 jsr166 1.9 *
682 jsr166 1.46 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirstOccurrence(Object)}.
683 dl 1.1 *
684 jsr166 1.9 * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present
685 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
686 dl 1.1 */
687 jsr166 1.9 public boolean remove(Object o) {
688     return removeFirstOccurrence(o);
689 dl 1.1 }
690    
691     /**
692     * Removes all of the elements from this deque.
693 jsr166 1.7 * The deque will be empty after this call returns.
694 dl 1.1 */
695     public void clear() {
696     int h = head;
697     int t = tail;
698     if (h != t) { // clear all cells
699     head = tail = 0;
700     int i = h;
701     int mask = elements.length - 1;
702     do {
703     elements[i] = null;
704     i = (i + 1) & mask;
705 jsr166 1.9 } while (i != t);
706 dl 1.1 }
707     }
708    
709     /**
710 dl 1.5 * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque
711 jsr166 1.10 * in proper sequence (from first to last element).
712 dl 1.1 *
713 jsr166 1.10 * <p>The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are
714     * maintained by this deque. (In other words, this method must allocate
715     * a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.
716 jsr166 1.13 *
717 jsr166 1.11 * <p>This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based
718     * APIs.
719     *
720 dl 1.5 * @return an array containing all of the elements in this deque
721 dl 1.1 */
722     public Object[] toArray() {
723 jsr166 1.50 final int head = this.head;
724     final int tail = this.tail;
725     boolean wrap = (tail < head);
726     int end = wrap ? tail + elements.length : tail;
727     Object[] a = Arrays.copyOfRange(elements, head, end);
728     if (wrap)
729     System.arraycopy(elements, 0, a, elements.length - head, tail);
730     return a;
731 dl 1.1 }
732    
733     /**
734 jsr166 1.10 * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque in
735     * proper sequence (from first to last element); the runtime type of the
736     * returned array is that of the specified array. If the deque fits in
737     * the specified array, it is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array
738     * is allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the
739     * size of this deque.
740     *
741     * <p>If this deque fits in the specified array with room to spare
742     * (i.e., the array has more elements than this deque), the element in
743     * the array immediately following the end of the deque is set to
744 jsr166 1.40 * {@code null}.
745 jsr166 1.10 *
746     * <p>Like the {@link #toArray()} method, this method acts as bridge between
747     * array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows
748     * precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may,
749     * under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs.
750     *
751 jsr166 1.40 * <p>Suppose {@code x} is a deque known to contain only strings.
752 jsr166 1.10 * The following code can be used to dump the deque into a newly
753 jsr166 1.40 * allocated array of {@code String}:
754 jsr166 1.10 *
755 jsr166 1.33 * <pre> {@code String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);}</pre>
756 jsr166 1.10 *
757 jsr166 1.40 * Note that {@code toArray(new Object[0])} is identical in function to
758     * {@code toArray()}.
759 dl 1.1 *
760     * @param a the array into which the elements of the deque are to
761 jsr166 1.9 * be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the
762     * same runtime type is allocated for this purpose
763 jsr166 1.10 * @return an array containing all of the elements in this deque
764     * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array
765     * is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in
766     * this deque
767     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null
768 dl 1.1 */
769 jsr166 1.34 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
770 dl 1.1 public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
771 jsr166 1.50 final int head = this.head;
772     final int tail = this.tail;
773     boolean wrap = (tail < head);
774     int size = (tail - head) + (wrap ? elements.length : 0);
775     int firstLeg = size - (wrap ? tail : 0);
776     int len = a.length;
777     if (size > len) {
778     a = (T[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(elements, head, head + size,
779     a.getClass());
780     } else {
781     System.arraycopy(elements, head, a, 0, firstLeg);
782     if (size < len)
783     a[size] = null;
784     }
785     if (wrap)
786     System.arraycopy(elements, 0, a, firstLeg, tail);
787 dl 1.1 return a;
788     }
789    
790     // *** Object methods ***
791    
792     /**
793     * Returns a copy of this deque.
794     *
795     * @return a copy of this deque
796     */
797     public ArrayDeque<E> clone() {
798 dl 1.5 try {
799 jsr166 1.34 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
800 dl 1.1 ArrayDeque<E> result = (ArrayDeque<E>) super.clone();
801 jsr166 1.28 result.elements = Arrays.copyOf(elements, elements.length);
802 dl 1.1 return result;
803 dl 1.5 } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
804 dl 1.1 throw new AssertionError();
805     }
806     }
807    
808     private static final long serialVersionUID = 2340985798034038923L;
809    
810     /**
811 jsr166 1.38 * Saves this deque to a stream (that is, serializes it).
812 dl 1.1 *
813 jsr166 1.56 * @param s the stream
814 jsr166 1.40 * @serialData The current size ({@code int}) of the deque,
815 dl 1.1 * followed by all of its elements (each an object reference) in
816     * first-to-last order.
817     */
818 jsr166 1.32 private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
819     throws java.io.IOException {
820 dl 1.1 s.defaultWriteObject();
821    
822     // Write out size
823 dl 1.19 s.writeInt(size());
824 dl 1.1
825     // Write out elements in order.
826     int mask = elements.length - 1;
827 dl 1.19 for (int i = head; i != tail; i = (i + 1) & mask)
828 dl 1.1 s.writeObject(elements[i]);
829     }
830    
831     /**
832 jsr166 1.38 * Reconstitutes this deque from a stream (that is, deserializes it).
833 jsr166 1.56 * @param s the stream
834 dl 1.1 */
835 jsr166 1.32 private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
836     throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
837 dl 1.1 s.defaultReadObject();
838    
839     // Read in size and allocate array
840     int size = s.readInt();
841     allocateElements(size);
842     head = 0;
843     tail = size;
844    
845     // Read in all elements in the proper order.
846     for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
847 jsr166 1.34 elements[i] = s.readObject();
848 dl 1.1 }
849 dl 1.41
850 dl 1.53 public Spliterator<E> spliterator() {
851 dl 1.47 return new DeqSpliterator<E>(this, -1, -1);
852     }
853    
854 dl 1.44 static final class DeqSpliterator<E> implements Spliterator<E> {
855 dl 1.41 private final ArrayDeque<E> deq;
856 dl 1.47 private int fence; // -1 until first use
857     private int index; // current index, modified on traverse/split
858 jsr166 1.48
859 jsr166 1.49 /** Creates new spliterator covering the given array and range */
860 dl 1.41 DeqSpliterator(ArrayDeque<E> deq, int origin, int fence) {
861 dl 1.47 this.deq = deq;
862     this.index = origin;
863     this.fence = fence;
864     }
865    
866     private int getFence() { // force initialization
867     int t;
868     if ((t = fence) < 0) {
869     t = fence = deq.tail;
870     index = deq.head;
871     }
872     return t;
873 dl 1.41 }
874    
875 dl 1.53 public Spliterator<E> trySplit() {
876 dl 1.47 int t = getFence(), h = index, n = deq.elements.length;
877 dl 1.41 if (h != t && ((h + 1) & (n - 1)) != t) {
878     if (h > t)
879     t += n;
880     int m = ((h + t) >>> 1) & (n - 1);
881 dl 1.47 return new DeqSpliterator<>(deq, h, index = m);
882 dl 1.41 }
883     return null;
884     }
885    
886 dl 1.54 public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> consumer) {
887 dl 1.47 if (consumer == null)
888 dl 1.41 throw new NullPointerException();
889 dl 1.44 Object[] a = deq.elements;
890 dl 1.47 int m = a.length - 1, f = getFence(), i = index;
891 dl 1.41 index = f;
892     while (i != f) {
893 dl 1.44 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E)a[i];
894     i = (i + 1) & m;
895 dl 1.41 if (e == null)
896     throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
897 dl 1.47 consumer.accept(e);
898 dl 1.41 }
899     }
900    
901 dl 1.47 public boolean tryAdvance(Consumer<? super E> consumer) {
902     if (consumer == null)
903 dl 1.41 throw new NullPointerException();
904 dl 1.44 Object[] a = deq.elements;
905 dl 1.47 int m = a.length - 1, f = getFence(), i = index;
906 dl 1.41 if (i != fence) {
907 dl 1.44 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E)a[i];
908     index = (i + 1) & m;
909 dl 1.41 if (e == null)
910     throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
911 dl 1.47 consumer.accept(e);
912 dl 1.41 return true;
913     }
914     return false;
915     }
916    
917 jsr166 1.42 public long estimateSize() {
918 dl 1.47 int n = getFence() - index;
919 dl 1.41 if (n < 0)
920 dl 1.44 n += deq.elements.length;
921 dl 1.47 return (long) n;
922     }
923    
924     @Override
925     public int characteristics() {
926 jsr166 1.48 return Spliterator.ORDERED | Spliterator.SIZED |
927 dl 1.47 Spliterator.NONNULL | Spliterator.SUBSIZED;
928 dl 1.41 }
929     }
930    
931 dl 1.1 }