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root/jsr166/jsr166/src/main/java/util/ArrayDeque.java
Revision: 1.61
Committed: Wed Dec 31 07:54:13 2014 UTC (9 years, 4 months ago) by jsr166
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 1.60: +1 -0 lines
Log Message:
standardize import statement order

File Contents

# User Rev Content
1 dl 1.1 /*
2 dl 1.47 * Written by Josh Bloch of Google Inc. and released to the public domain,
3     * as explained at http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/.
4 dl 1.1 */
5    
6     package java.util;
7 jsr166 1.61
8 dl 1.47 import java.io.Serializable;
9     import java.util.function.Consumer;
10 dl 1.41 import java.util.stream.Stream;
11 dl 1.1
12     /**
13     * Resizable-array implementation of the {@link Deque} interface. Array
14     * deques have no capacity restrictions; they grow as necessary to support
15     * usage. They are not thread-safe; in the absence of external
16     * synchronization, they do not support concurrent access by multiple threads.
17     * Null elements are prohibited. This class is likely to be faster than
18 dl 1.2 * {@link Stack} when used as a stack, and faster than {@link LinkedList}
19 dl 1.1 * when used as a queue.
20     *
21 jsr166 1.43 * <p>Most {@code ArrayDeque} operations run in amortized constant time.
22 jsr166 1.51 * Exceptions include
23     * {@link #remove(Object) remove},
24     * {@link #removeFirstOccurrence removeFirstOccurrence},
25     * {@link #removeLastOccurrence removeLastOccurrence},
26     * {@link #contains contains},
27     * {@link #iterator iterator.remove()},
28     * and the bulk operations, all of which run in linear time.
29 dl 1.41 *
30 jsr166 1.51 * <p>The iterators returned by this class's {@link #iterator() iterator}
31     * method are <em>fail-fast</em>: If the deque is modified at any time after
32     * the iterator is created, in any way except through the iterator's own
33     * {@code remove} method, the iterator will generally throw a {@link
34 jsr166 1.7 * ConcurrentModificationException}. Thus, in the face of concurrent
35     * modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather than risking
36     * arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined time in the
37     * future.
38 dl 1.1 *
39     * <p>Note that the fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed
40     * as it is, generally speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the
41     * presence of unsynchronized concurrent modification. Fail-fast iterators
42 jsr166 1.43 * throw {@code ConcurrentModificationException} on a best-effort basis.
43 dl 1.1 * Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this
44     * exception for its correctness: <i>the fail-fast behavior of iterators
45     * should be used only to detect bugs.</i>
46     *
47     * <p>This class and its iterator implement all of the
48 jsr166 1.9 * <em>optional</em> methods of the {@link Collection} and {@link
49     * Iterator} interfaces.
50     *
51     * <p>This class is a member of the
52 jsr166 1.29 * <a href="{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/collections/index.html">
53 jsr166 1.9 * Java Collections Framework</a>.
54 dl 1.1 *
55     * @author Josh Bloch and Doug Lea
56     * @since 1.6
57 jsr166 1.60 * @param <E> the type of elements held in this deque
58 dl 1.1 */
59     public class ArrayDeque<E> extends AbstractCollection<E>
60 dl 1.47 implements Deque<E>, Cloneable, Serializable
61 dl 1.1 {
62     /**
63 dl 1.4 * The array in which the elements of the deque are stored.
64 dl 1.1 * The capacity of the deque is the length of this array, which is
65     * always a power of two. The array is never allowed to become
66     * full, except transiently within an addX method where it is
67     * resized (see doubleCapacity) immediately upon becoming full,
68     * thus avoiding head and tail wrapping around to equal each
69     * other. We also guarantee that all array cells not holding
70     * deque elements are always null.
71     */
72 dl 1.41 transient Object[] elements; // non-private to simplify nested class access
73 dl 1.1
74     /**
75     * The index of the element at the head of the deque (which is the
76     * element that would be removed by remove() or pop()); or an
77     * arbitrary number equal to tail if the deque is empty.
78     */
79 dl 1.41 transient int head;
80 dl 1.1
81     /**
82     * The index at which the next element would be added to the tail
83     * of the deque (via addLast(E), add(E), or push(E)).
84     */
85 dl 1.41 transient int tail;
86 dl 1.1
87     /**
88     * The minimum capacity that we'll use for a newly created deque.
89     * Must be a power of 2.
90     */
91     private static final int MIN_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 8;
92    
93     // ****** Array allocation and resizing utilities ******
94    
95     /**
96 jsr166 1.39 * Allocates empty array to hold the given number of elements.
97 dl 1.1 *
98 jsr166 1.9 * @param numElements the number of elements to hold
99 dl 1.1 */
100 dl 1.5 private void allocateElements(int numElements) {
101 dl 1.1 int initialCapacity = MIN_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
102     // Find the best power of two to hold elements.
103     // Tests "<=" because arrays aren't kept full.
104     if (numElements >= initialCapacity) {
105     initialCapacity = numElements;
106     initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 1);
107     initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 2);
108     initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 4);
109     initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 8);
110     initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 16);
111     initialCapacity++;
112    
113     if (initialCapacity < 0) // Too many elements, must back off
114     initialCapacity >>>= 1;// Good luck allocating 2 ^ 30 elements
115     }
116 jsr166 1.34 elements = new Object[initialCapacity];
117 dl 1.1 }
118    
119     /**
120 jsr166 1.39 * Doubles the capacity of this deque. Call only when full, i.e.,
121 dl 1.1 * when head and tail have wrapped around to become equal.
122     */
123     private void doubleCapacity() {
124 dl 1.5 assert head == tail;
125 dl 1.1 int p = head;
126     int n = elements.length;
127     int r = n - p; // number of elements to the right of p
128     int newCapacity = n << 1;
129     if (newCapacity < 0)
130     throw new IllegalStateException("Sorry, deque too big");
131     Object[] a = new Object[newCapacity];
132     System.arraycopy(elements, p, a, 0, r);
133     System.arraycopy(elements, 0, a, r, p);
134 jsr166 1.34 elements = a;
135 dl 1.1 head = 0;
136     tail = n;
137     }
138    
139     /**
140 dl 1.4 * Constructs an empty array deque with an initial capacity
141 dl 1.1 * sufficient to hold 16 elements.
142     */
143     public ArrayDeque() {
144 jsr166 1.34 elements = new Object[16];
145 dl 1.1 }
146    
147     /**
148     * Constructs an empty array deque with an initial capacity
149     * sufficient to hold the specified number of elements.
150     *
151     * @param numElements lower bound on initial capacity of the deque
152     */
153     public ArrayDeque(int numElements) {
154     allocateElements(numElements);
155     }
156    
157     /**
158     * Constructs a deque containing the elements of the specified
159     * collection, in the order they are returned by the collection's
160     * iterator. (The first element returned by the collection's
161     * iterator becomes the first element, or <i>front</i> of the
162     * deque.)
163     *
164     * @param c the collection whose elements are to be placed into the deque
165     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null
166     */
167     public ArrayDeque(Collection<? extends E> c) {
168     allocateElements(c.size());
169     addAll(c);
170     }
171    
172     // The main insertion and extraction methods are addFirst,
173     // addLast, pollFirst, pollLast. The other methods are defined in
174     // terms of these.
175    
176     /**
177 dl 1.5 * Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque.
178 dl 1.1 *
179 jsr166 1.9 * @param e the element to add
180     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
181 dl 1.1 */
182     public void addFirst(E e) {
183     if (e == null)
184     throw new NullPointerException();
185     elements[head = (head - 1) & (elements.length - 1)] = e;
186 dl 1.5 if (head == tail)
187 dl 1.1 doubleCapacity();
188     }
189    
190     /**
191 dl 1.6 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
192 jsr166 1.14 *
193     * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #add}.
194 dl 1.1 *
195 jsr166 1.9 * @param e the element to add
196     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
197 dl 1.1 */
198     public void addLast(E e) {
199     if (e == null)
200     throw new NullPointerException();
201     elements[tail] = e;
202     if ( (tail = (tail + 1) & (elements.length - 1)) == head)
203     doubleCapacity();
204     }
205    
206     /**
207 dl 1.5 * Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque.
208 dl 1.1 *
209 jsr166 1.9 * @param e the element to add
210 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Deque#offerFirst})
211 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
212 dl 1.1 */
213     public boolean offerFirst(E e) {
214     addFirst(e);
215     return true;
216     }
217    
218     /**
219 dl 1.6 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
220 dl 1.1 *
221 jsr166 1.9 * @param e the element to add
222 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Deque#offerLast})
223 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
224 dl 1.1 */
225     public boolean offerLast(E e) {
226     addLast(e);
227     return true;
228     }
229    
230     /**
231 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
232 dl 1.1 */
233     public E removeFirst() {
234     E x = pollFirst();
235     if (x == null)
236     throw new NoSuchElementException();
237     return x;
238     }
239    
240     /**
241 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
242 dl 1.1 */
243     public E removeLast() {
244     E x = pollLast();
245     if (x == null)
246     throw new NoSuchElementException();
247     return x;
248     }
249    
250 jsr166 1.9 public E pollFirst() {
251     int h = head;
252 jsr166 1.37 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
253     E result = (E) elements[h];
254 jsr166 1.34 // Element is null if deque empty
255 jsr166 1.9 if (result == null)
256     return null;
257     elements[h] = null; // Must null out slot
258     head = (h + 1) & (elements.length - 1);
259     return result;
260 dl 1.1 }
261    
262 jsr166 1.9 public E pollLast() {
263     int t = (tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1);
264 jsr166 1.37 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
265     E result = (E) elements[t];
266 jsr166 1.9 if (result == null)
267     return null;
268     elements[t] = null;
269     tail = t;
270     return result;
271 dl 1.1 }
272    
273     /**
274 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
275 dl 1.1 */
276     public E getFirst() {
277 jsr166 1.37 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
278     E result = (E) elements[head];
279 jsr166 1.34 if (result == null)
280 dl 1.1 throw new NoSuchElementException();
281 jsr166 1.34 return result;
282 dl 1.1 }
283    
284     /**
285 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
286 dl 1.1 */
287     public E getLast() {
288 jsr166 1.34 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
289     E result = (E) elements[(tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1)];
290     if (result == null)
291 dl 1.1 throw new NoSuchElementException();
292 jsr166 1.34 return result;
293 dl 1.1 }
294    
295 jsr166 1.35 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
296 jsr166 1.9 public E peekFirst() {
297 jsr166 1.34 // elements[head] is null if deque empty
298 jsr166 1.35 return (E) elements[head];
299 jsr166 1.9 }
300    
301 jsr166 1.35 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
302 jsr166 1.9 public E peekLast() {
303 jsr166 1.35 return (E) elements[(tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1)];
304 jsr166 1.9 }
305    
306 dl 1.1 /**
307     * Removes the first occurrence of the specified element in this
308 jsr166 1.9 * deque (when traversing the deque from head to tail).
309     * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
310 jsr166 1.40 * More formally, removes the first element {@code e} such that
311     * {@code o.equals(e)} (if such an element exists).
312     * Returns {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
313 jsr166 1.12 * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
314 dl 1.1 *
315 dl 1.5 * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present
316 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} if the deque contained the specified element
317 dl 1.1 */
318 dl 1.5 public boolean removeFirstOccurrence(Object o) {
319 jsr166 1.58 if (o != null) {
320     int mask = elements.length - 1;
321     int i = head;
322 jsr166 1.59 for (Object x; (x = elements[i]) != null; i = (i + 1) & mask) {
323 jsr166 1.58 if (o.equals(x)) {
324     delete(i);
325     return true;
326     }
327 dl 1.1 }
328     }
329     return false;
330     }
331    
332     /**
333     * Removes the last occurrence of the specified element in this
334 jsr166 1.9 * deque (when traversing the deque from head to tail).
335     * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
336 jsr166 1.40 * More formally, removes the last element {@code e} such that
337     * {@code o.equals(e)} (if such an element exists).
338     * Returns {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
339 jsr166 1.12 * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
340 dl 1.1 *
341 dl 1.5 * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present
342 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} if the deque contained the specified element
343 dl 1.1 */
344 dl 1.5 public boolean removeLastOccurrence(Object o) {
345 jsr166 1.59 if (o != null) {
346     int mask = elements.length - 1;
347     int i = (tail - 1) & mask;
348     for (Object x; (x = elements[i]) != null; i = (i - 1) & mask) {
349     if (o.equals(x)) {
350     delete(i);
351     return true;
352     }
353 dl 1.1 }
354     }
355     return false;
356     }
357    
358     // *** Queue methods ***
359    
360     /**
361 dl 1.6 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
362 dl 1.1 *
363     * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #addLast}.
364     *
365 jsr166 1.9 * @param e the element to add
366 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Collection#add})
367 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
368 dl 1.1 */
369     public boolean add(E e) {
370     addLast(e);
371     return true;
372     }
373    
374     /**
375 jsr166 1.9 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
376 dl 1.1 *
377 jsr166 1.9 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #offerLast}.
378 dl 1.1 *
379 jsr166 1.9 * @param e the element to add
380 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Queue#offer})
381 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
382 dl 1.1 */
383 jsr166 1.9 public boolean offer(E e) {
384     return offerLast(e);
385 dl 1.1 }
386    
387     /**
388     * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque.
389 jsr166 1.15 *
390     * This method differs from {@link #poll poll} only in that it throws an
391 jsr166 1.9 * exception if this deque is empty.
392 dl 1.1 *
393     * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirst}.
394     *
395     * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque
396 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
397 dl 1.1 */
398     public E remove() {
399     return removeFirst();
400     }
401    
402     /**
403 jsr166 1.9 * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque
404     * (in other words, the first element of this deque), or returns
405 jsr166 1.40 * {@code null} if this deque is empty.
406 dl 1.1 *
407 jsr166 1.9 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #pollFirst}.
408 dl 1.1 *
409     * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque, or
410 jsr166 1.40 * {@code null} if this deque is empty
411 dl 1.1 */
412 jsr166 1.9 public E poll() {
413     return pollFirst();
414 dl 1.1 }
415    
416     /**
417     * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by
418 jsr166 1.15 * this deque. This method differs from {@link #peek peek} only in
419     * that it throws an exception if this deque is empty.
420 dl 1.1 *
421 jsr166 1.8 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #getFirst}.
422 dl 1.1 *
423     * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque
424 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
425 dl 1.1 */
426     public E element() {
427     return getFirst();
428     }
429    
430 jsr166 1.9 /**
431     * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by
432 jsr166 1.40 * this deque, or returns {@code null} if this deque is empty.
433 jsr166 1.9 *
434     * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #peekFirst}.
435     *
436     * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque, or
437 jsr166 1.40 * {@code null} if this deque is empty
438 jsr166 1.9 */
439     public E peek() {
440     return peekFirst();
441     }
442    
443 dl 1.1 // *** Stack methods ***
444    
445     /**
446     * Pushes an element onto the stack represented by this deque. In other
447 dl 1.5 * words, inserts the element at the front of this deque.
448 dl 1.1 *
449     * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #addFirst}.
450     *
451     * @param e the element to push
452 jsr166 1.9 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
453 dl 1.1 */
454     public void push(E e) {
455     addFirst(e);
456     }
457    
458     /**
459     * Pops an element from the stack represented by this deque. In other
460 dl 1.2 * words, removes and returns the first element of this deque.
461 dl 1.1 *
462     * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirst()}.
463     *
464     * @return the element at the front of this deque (which is the top
465 jsr166 1.9 * of the stack represented by this deque)
466     * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
467 dl 1.1 */
468     public E pop() {
469     return removeFirst();
470     }
471    
472 jsr166 1.25 private void checkInvariants() {
473 jsr166 1.30 assert elements[tail] == null;
474     assert head == tail ? elements[head] == null :
475     (elements[head] != null &&
476     elements[(tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1)] != null);
477     assert elements[(head - 1) & (elements.length - 1)] == null;
478 jsr166 1.25 }
479    
480 dl 1.1 /**
481 jsr166 1.7 * Removes the element at the specified position in the elements array,
482 jsr166 1.9 * adjusting head and tail as necessary. This can result in motion of
483     * elements backwards or forwards in the array.
484 dl 1.1 *
485 dl 1.5 * <p>This method is called delete rather than remove to emphasize
486 jsr166 1.9 * that its semantics differ from those of {@link List#remove(int)}.
487 dl 1.5 *
488 dl 1.1 * @return true if elements moved backwards
489     */
490     private boolean delete(int i) {
491 jsr166 1.30 checkInvariants();
492 jsr166 1.34 final Object[] elements = this.elements;
493 jsr166 1.30 final int mask = elements.length - 1;
494     final int h = head;
495     final int t = tail;
496     final int front = (i - h) & mask;
497     final int back = (t - i) & mask;
498    
499     // Invariant: head <= i < tail mod circularity
500     if (front >= ((t - h) & mask))
501     throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
502    
503     // Optimize for least element motion
504     if (front < back) {
505     if (h <= i) {
506     System.arraycopy(elements, h, elements, h + 1, front);
507     } else { // Wrap around
508     System.arraycopy(elements, 0, elements, 1, i);
509     elements[0] = elements[mask];
510     System.arraycopy(elements, h, elements, h + 1, mask - h);
511     }
512     elements[h] = null;
513     head = (h + 1) & mask;
514     return false;
515     } else {
516     if (i < t) { // Copy the null tail as well
517     System.arraycopy(elements, i + 1, elements, i, back);
518     tail = t - 1;
519     } else { // Wrap around
520     System.arraycopy(elements, i + 1, elements, i, mask - i);
521     elements[mask] = elements[0];
522     System.arraycopy(elements, 1, elements, 0, t);
523     tail = (t - 1) & mask;
524     }
525     return true;
526     }
527 dl 1.23 }
528    
529 dl 1.1 // *** Collection Methods ***
530    
531     /**
532     * Returns the number of elements in this deque.
533     *
534     * @return the number of elements in this deque
535     */
536     public int size() {
537     return (tail - head) & (elements.length - 1);
538     }
539    
540     /**
541 jsr166 1.40 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contains no elements.
542 dl 1.1 *
543 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} if this deque contains no elements
544 dl 1.1 */
545     public boolean isEmpty() {
546     return head == tail;
547     }
548    
549     /**
550     * Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque. The elements
551     * will be ordered from first (head) to last (tail). This is the same
552     * order that elements would be dequeued (via successive calls to
553     * {@link #remove} or popped (via successive calls to {@link #pop}).
554 dl 1.5 *
555 jsr166 1.18 * @return an iterator over the elements in this deque
556 dl 1.1 */
557     public Iterator<E> iterator() {
558     return new DeqIterator();
559     }
560    
561 dl 1.16 public Iterator<E> descendingIterator() {
562     return new DescendingIterator();
563     }
564    
565 dl 1.1 private class DeqIterator implements Iterator<E> {
566     /**
567     * Index of element to be returned by subsequent call to next.
568     */
569     private int cursor = head;
570    
571     /**
572     * Tail recorded at construction (also in remove), to stop
573     * iterator and also to check for comodification.
574     */
575     private int fence = tail;
576    
577     /**
578     * Index of element returned by most recent call to next.
579     * Reset to -1 if element is deleted by a call to remove.
580     */
581     private int lastRet = -1;
582    
583     public boolean hasNext() {
584     return cursor != fence;
585     }
586    
587     public E next() {
588     if (cursor == fence)
589     throw new NoSuchElementException();
590 jsr166 1.37 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
591     E result = (E) elements[cursor];
592 dl 1.1 // This check doesn't catch all possible comodifications,
593     // but does catch the ones that corrupt traversal
594 jsr166 1.26 if (tail != fence || result == null)
595 dl 1.1 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
596     lastRet = cursor;
597     cursor = (cursor + 1) & (elements.length - 1);
598     return result;
599     }
600    
601     public void remove() {
602     if (lastRet < 0)
603     throw new IllegalStateException();
604 jsr166 1.26 if (delete(lastRet)) { // if left-shifted, undo increment in next()
605 dl 1.17 cursor = (cursor - 1) & (elements.length - 1);
606 jsr166 1.30 fence = tail;
607     }
608 dl 1.1 lastRet = -1;
609     }
610     }
611    
612 jsr166 1.52 /**
613     * This class is nearly a mirror-image of DeqIterator, using tail
614     * instead of head for initial cursor, and head instead of tail
615     * for fence.
616     */
617 dl 1.16 private class DescendingIterator implements Iterator<E> {
618 jsr166 1.26 private int cursor = tail;
619     private int fence = head;
620     private int lastRet = -1;
621 dl 1.16
622     public boolean hasNext() {
623     return cursor != fence;
624     }
625    
626     public E next() {
627     if (cursor == fence)
628     throw new NoSuchElementException();
629 jsr166 1.26 cursor = (cursor - 1) & (elements.length - 1);
630 jsr166 1.37 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
631     E result = (E) elements[cursor];
632 jsr166 1.26 if (head != fence || result == null)
633 dl 1.16 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
634     lastRet = cursor;
635     return result;
636     }
637    
638     public void remove() {
639 jsr166 1.26 if (lastRet < 0)
640 dl 1.16 throw new IllegalStateException();
641 jsr166 1.26 if (!delete(lastRet)) {
642 dl 1.17 cursor = (cursor + 1) & (elements.length - 1);
643 jsr166 1.30 fence = head;
644     }
645 jsr166 1.26 lastRet = -1;
646 dl 1.16 }
647     }
648    
649 dl 1.1 /**
650 jsr166 1.40 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contains the specified element.
651     * More formally, returns {@code true} if and only if this deque contains
652     * at least one element {@code e} such that {@code o.equals(e)}.
653 dl 1.1 *
654     * @param o object to be checked for containment in this deque
655 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} if this deque contains the specified element
656 dl 1.1 */
657     public boolean contains(Object o) {
658 jsr166 1.58 if (o != null) {
659     int mask = elements.length - 1;
660     int i = head;
661 jsr166 1.59 for (Object x; (x = elements[i]) != null; i = (i + 1) & mask) {
662 jsr166 1.58 if (o.equals(x))
663     return true;
664     }
665 dl 1.1 }
666     return false;
667     }
668    
669     /**
670     * Removes a single instance of the specified element from this deque.
671 jsr166 1.9 * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
672 jsr166 1.40 * More formally, removes the first element {@code e} such that
673     * {@code o.equals(e)} (if such an element exists).
674     * Returns {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
675 jsr166 1.12 * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
676 jsr166 1.9 *
677 jsr166 1.46 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirstOccurrence(Object)}.
678 dl 1.1 *
679 jsr166 1.9 * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present
680 jsr166 1.40 * @return {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
681 dl 1.1 */
682 jsr166 1.9 public boolean remove(Object o) {
683     return removeFirstOccurrence(o);
684 dl 1.1 }
685    
686     /**
687     * Removes all of the elements from this deque.
688 jsr166 1.7 * The deque will be empty after this call returns.
689 dl 1.1 */
690     public void clear() {
691     int h = head;
692     int t = tail;
693     if (h != t) { // clear all cells
694     head = tail = 0;
695     int i = h;
696     int mask = elements.length - 1;
697     do {
698     elements[i] = null;
699     i = (i + 1) & mask;
700 jsr166 1.9 } while (i != t);
701 dl 1.1 }
702     }
703    
704     /**
705 dl 1.5 * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque
706 jsr166 1.10 * in proper sequence (from first to last element).
707 dl 1.1 *
708 jsr166 1.10 * <p>The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are
709     * maintained by this deque. (In other words, this method must allocate
710     * a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.
711 jsr166 1.13 *
712 jsr166 1.11 * <p>This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based
713     * APIs.
714     *
715 dl 1.5 * @return an array containing all of the elements in this deque
716 dl 1.1 */
717     public Object[] toArray() {
718 jsr166 1.50 final int head = this.head;
719     final int tail = this.tail;
720     boolean wrap = (tail < head);
721     int end = wrap ? tail + elements.length : tail;
722     Object[] a = Arrays.copyOfRange(elements, head, end);
723     if (wrap)
724     System.arraycopy(elements, 0, a, elements.length - head, tail);
725     return a;
726 dl 1.1 }
727    
728     /**
729 jsr166 1.10 * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque in
730     * proper sequence (from first to last element); the runtime type of the
731     * returned array is that of the specified array. If the deque fits in
732     * the specified array, it is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array
733     * is allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the
734     * size of this deque.
735     *
736     * <p>If this deque fits in the specified array with room to spare
737     * (i.e., the array has more elements than this deque), the element in
738     * the array immediately following the end of the deque is set to
739 jsr166 1.40 * {@code null}.
740 jsr166 1.10 *
741     * <p>Like the {@link #toArray()} method, this method acts as bridge between
742     * array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows
743     * precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may,
744     * under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs.
745     *
746 jsr166 1.40 * <p>Suppose {@code x} is a deque known to contain only strings.
747 jsr166 1.10 * The following code can be used to dump the deque into a newly
748 jsr166 1.40 * allocated array of {@code String}:
749 jsr166 1.10 *
750 jsr166 1.33 * <pre> {@code String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);}</pre>
751 jsr166 1.10 *
752 jsr166 1.40 * Note that {@code toArray(new Object[0])} is identical in function to
753     * {@code toArray()}.
754 dl 1.1 *
755     * @param a the array into which the elements of the deque are to
756 jsr166 1.9 * be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the
757     * same runtime type is allocated for this purpose
758 jsr166 1.10 * @return an array containing all of the elements in this deque
759     * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array
760     * is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in
761     * this deque
762     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null
763 dl 1.1 */
764 jsr166 1.34 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
765 dl 1.1 public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
766 jsr166 1.50 final int head = this.head;
767     final int tail = this.tail;
768     boolean wrap = (tail < head);
769     int size = (tail - head) + (wrap ? elements.length : 0);
770     int firstLeg = size - (wrap ? tail : 0);
771     int len = a.length;
772     if (size > len) {
773     a = (T[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(elements, head, head + size,
774     a.getClass());
775     } else {
776     System.arraycopy(elements, head, a, 0, firstLeg);
777     if (size < len)
778     a[size] = null;
779     }
780     if (wrap)
781     System.arraycopy(elements, 0, a, firstLeg, tail);
782 dl 1.1 return a;
783     }
784    
785     // *** Object methods ***
786    
787     /**
788     * Returns a copy of this deque.
789     *
790     * @return a copy of this deque
791     */
792     public ArrayDeque<E> clone() {
793 dl 1.5 try {
794 jsr166 1.34 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
795 dl 1.1 ArrayDeque<E> result = (ArrayDeque<E>) super.clone();
796 jsr166 1.28 result.elements = Arrays.copyOf(elements, elements.length);
797 dl 1.1 return result;
798 dl 1.5 } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
799 dl 1.1 throw new AssertionError();
800     }
801     }
802    
803     private static final long serialVersionUID = 2340985798034038923L;
804    
805     /**
806 jsr166 1.38 * Saves this deque to a stream (that is, serializes it).
807 dl 1.1 *
808 jsr166 1.56 * @param s the stream
809 jsr166 1.57 * @throws java.io.IOException if an I/O error occurs
810 jsr166 1.40 * @serialData The current size ({@code int}) of the deque,
811 dl 1.1 * followed by all of its elements (each an object reference) in
812     * first-to-last order.
813     */
814 jsr166 1.32 private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
815     throws java.io.IOException {
816 dl 1.1 s.defaultWriteObject();
817    
818     // Write out size
819 dl 1.19 s.writeInt(size());
820 dl 1.1
821     // Write out elements in order.
822     int mask = elements.length - 1;
823 dl 1.19 for (int i = head; i != tail; i = (i + 1) & mask)
824 dl 1.1 s.writeObject(elements[i]);
825     }
826    
827     /**
828 jsr166 1.38 * Reconstitutes this deque from a stream (that is, deserializes it).
829 jsr166 1.56 * @param s the stream
830 jsr166 1.57 * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the class of a serialized object
831     * could not be found
832     * @throws java.io.IOException if an I/O error occurs
833 dl 1.1 */
834 jsr166 1.32 private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
835     throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
836 dl 1.1 s.defaultReadObject();
837    
838     // Read in size and allocate array
839     int size = s.readInt();
840     allocateElements(size);
841     head = 0;
842     tail = size;
843    
844     // Read in all elements in the proper order.
845     for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
846 jsr166 1.34 elements[i] = s.readObject();
847 dl 1.1 }
848 dl 1.41
849 dl 1.53 public Spliterator<E> spliterator() {
850 dl 1.47 return new DeqSpliterator<E>(this, -1, -1);
851     }
852    
853 dl 1.44 static final class DeqSpliterator<E> implements Spliterator<E> {
854 dl 1.41 private final ArrayDeque<E> deq;
855 dl 1.47 private int fence; // -1 until first use
856     private int index; // current index, modified on traverse/split
857 jsr166 1.48
858 jsr166 1.49 /** Creates new spliterator covering the given array and range */
859 dl 1.41 DeqSpliterator(ArrayDeque<E> deq, int origin, int fence) {
860 dl 1.47 this.deq = deq;
861     this.index = origin;
862     this.fence = fence;
863     }
864    
865     private int getFence() { // force initialization
866     int t;
867     if ((t = fence) < 0) {
868     t = fence = deq.tail;
869     index = deq.head;
870     }
871     return t;
872 dl 1.41 }
873    
874 dl 1.53 public Spliterator<E> trySplit() {
875 dl 1.47 int t = getFence(), h = index, n = deq.elements.length;
876 dl 1.41 if (h != t && ((h + 1) & (n - 1)) != t) {
877     if (h > t)
878     t += n;
879     int m = ((h + t) >>> 1) & (n - 1);
880 dl 1.47 return new DeqSpliterator<>(deq, h, index = m);
881 dl 1.41 }
882     return null;
883     }
884    
885 dl 1.54 public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> consumer) {
886 dl 1.47 if (consumer == null)
887 dl 1.41 throw new NullPointerException();
888 dl 1.44 Object[] a = deq.elements;
889 dl 1.47 int m = a.length - 1, f = getFence(), i = index;
890 dl 1.41 index = f;
891     while (i != f) {
892 dl 1.44 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E)a[i];
893     i = (i + 1) & m;
894 dl 1.41 if (e == null)
895     throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
896 dl 1.47 consumer.accept(e);
897 dl 1.41 }
898     }
899    
900 dl 1.47 public boolean tryAdvance(Consumer<? super E> consumer) {
901     if (consumer == null)
902 dl 1.41 throw new NullPointerException();
903 dl 1.44 Object[] a = deq.elements;
904 dl 1.47 int m = a.length - 1, f = getFence(), i = index;
905 dl 1.41 if (i != fence) {
906 dl 1.44 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E)a[i];
907     index = (i + 1) & m;
908 dl 1.41 if (e == null)
909     throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
910 dl 1.47 consumer.accept(e);
911 dl 1.41 return true;
912     }
913     return false;
914     }
915    
916 jsr166 1.42 public long estimateSize() {
917 dl 1.47 int n = getFence() - index;
918 dl 1.41 if (n < 0)
919 dl 1.44 n += deq.elements.length;
920 dl 1.47 return (long) n;
921     }
922    
923     @Override
924     public int characteristics() {
925 jsr166 1.48 return Spliterator.ORDERED | Spliterator.SIZED |
926 dl 1.47 Spliterator.NONNULL | Spliterator.SUBSIZED;
927 dl 1.41 }
928     }
929    
930 dl 1.1 }