ViewVC Help
View File | Revision Log | Show Annotations | Download File | Root Listing
root/jsr166/jsr166/src/main/java/util/ArrayDeque.java
Revision: 1.44
Committed: Tue Jan 22 19:28:04 2013 UTC (11 years, 3 months ago) by dl
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 1.43: +15 -76 lines
Log Message:
Spliterators

File Contents

# Content
1 /*
2 * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166
3 * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at
4 * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
5 */
6
7 package java.util;
8 import java.util.Spliterator;
9 import java.util.stream.Stream;
10 import java.util.stream.Streams;
11 import java.util.function.Block;
12
13 /**
14 * Resizable-array implementation of the {@link Deque} interface. Array
15 * deques have no capacity restrictions; they grow as necessary to support
16 * usage. They are not thread-safe; in the absence of external
17 * synchronization, they do not support concurrent access by multiple threads.
18 * Null elements are prohibited. This class is likely to be faster than
19 * {@link Stack} when used as a stack, and faster than {@link LinkedList}
20 * when used as a queue.
21 *
22 * <p>Most {@code ArrayDeque} operations run in amortized constant time.
23 * Exceptions include {@link #remove(Object) remove}, {@link
24 * #removeFirstOccurrence removeFirstOccurrence}, {@link #removeLastOccurrence
25 * removeLastOccurrence}, {@link #contains contains}, {@link #iterator
26 * iterator.remove()}, and the bulk operations, all of which run in linear
27 * time.
28 *
29 * <p>The iterators returned by this class's {@code iterator} method are
30 * <i>fail-fast</i>: If the deque is modified at any time after the iterator
31 * is created, in any way except through the iterator's own {@code remove}
32 * method, the iterator will generally throw a {@link
33 * ConcurrentModificationException}. Thus, in the face of concurrent
34 * modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather than risking
35 * arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined time in the
36 * future.
37 *
38 * <p>Note that the fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed
39 * as it is, generally speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the
40 * presence of unsynchronized concurrent modification. Fail-fast iterators
41 * throw {@code ConcurrentModificationException} on a best-effort basis.
42 * Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this
43 * exception for its correctness: <i>the fail-fast behavior of iterators
44 * should be used only to detect bugs.</i>
45 *
46 * <p>This class and its iterator implement all of the
47 * <em>optional</em> methods of the {@link Collection} and {@link
48 * Iterator} interfaces.
49 *
50 * <p>This class is a member of the
51 * <a href="{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/collections/index.html">
52 * Java Collections Framework</a>.
53 *
54 * @author Josh Bloch and Doug Lea
55 * @since 1.6
56 * @param <E> the type of elements held in this collection
57 */
58 public class ArrayDeque<E> extends AbstractCollection<E>
59 implements Deque<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
60 {
61 /**
62 * The array in which the elements of the deque are stored.
63 * The capacity of the deque is the length of this array, which is
64 * always a power of two. The array is never allowed to become
65 * full, except transiently within an addX method where it is
66 * resized (see doubleCapacity) immediately upon becoming full,
67 * thus avoiding head and tail wrapping around to equal each
68 * other. We also guarantee that all array cells not holding
69 * deque elements are always null.
70 */
71 transient Object[] elements; // non-private to simplify nested class access
72
73 /**
74 * The index of the element at the head of the deque (which is the
75 * element that would be removed by remove() or pop()); or an
76 * arbitrary number equal to tail if the deque is empty.
77 */
78 transient int head;
79
80 /**
81 * The index at which the next element would be added to the tail
82 * of the deque (via addLast(E), add(E), or push(E)).
83 */
84 transient int tail;
85
86 /**
87 * The minimum capacity that we'll use for a newly created deque.
88 * Must be a power of 2.
89 */
90 private static final int MIN_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 8;
91
92 // ****** Array allocation and resizing utilities ******
93
94 /**
95 * Allocates empty array to hold the given number of elements.
96 *
97 * @param numElements the number of elements to hold
98 */
99 private void allocateElements(int numElements) {
100 int initialCapacity = MIN_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
101 // Find the best power of two to hold elements.
102 // Tests "<=" because arrays aren't kept full.
103 if (numElements >= initialCapacity) {
104 initialCapacity = numElements;
105 initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 1);
106 initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 2);
107 initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 4);
108 initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 8);
109 initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 16);
110 initialCapacity++;
111
112 if (initialCapacity < 0) // Too many elements, must back off
113 initialCapacity >>>= 1;// Good luck allocating 2 ^ 30 elements
114 }
115 elements = new Object[initialCapacity];
116 }
117
118 /**
119 * Doubles the capacity of this deque. Call only when full, i.e.,
120 * when head and tail have wrapped around to become equal.
121 */
122 private void doubleCapacity() {
123 assert head == tail;
124 int p = head;
125 int n = elements.length;
126 int r = n - p; // number of elements to the right of p
127 int newCapacity = n << 1;
128 if (newCapacity < 0)
129 throw new IllegalStateException("Sorry, deque too big");
130 Object[] a = new Object[newCapacity];
131 System.arraycopy(elements, p, a, 0, r);
132 System.arraycopy(elements, 0, a, r, p);
133 elements = a;
134 head = 0;
135 tail = n;
136 }
137
138 /**
139 * Copies the elements from our element array into the specified array,
140 * in order (from first to last element in the deque). It is assumed
141 * that the array is large enough to hold all elements in the deque.
142 *
143 * @return its argument
144 */
145 private <T> T[] copyElements(T[] a) {
146 if (head < tail) {
147 System.arraycopy(elements, head, a, 0, size());
148 } else if (head > tail) {
149 int headPortionLen = elements.length - head;
150 System.arraycopy(elements, head, a, 0, headPortionLen);
151 System.arraycopy(elements, 0, a, headPortionLen, tail);
152 }
153 return a;
154 }
155
156 /**
157 * Constructs an empty array deque with an initial capacity
158 * sufficient to hold 16 elements.
159 */
160 public ArrayDeque() {
161 elements = new Object[16];
162 }
163
164 /**
165 * Constructs an empty array deque with an initial capacity
166 * sufficient to hold the specified number of elements.
167 *
168 * @param numElements lower bound on initial capacity of the deque
169 */
170 public ArrayDeque(int numElements) {
171 allocateElements(numElements);
172 }
173
174 /**
175 * Constructs a deque containing the elements of the specified
176 * collection, in the order they are returned by the collection's
177 * iterator. (The first element returned by the collection's
178 * iterator becomes the first element, or <i>front</i> of the
179 * deque.)
180 *
181 * @param c the collection whose elements are to be placed into the deque
182 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null
183 */
184 public ArrayDeque(Collection<? extends E> c) {
185 allocateElements(c.size());
186 addAll(c);
187 }
188
189 // The main insertion and extraction methods are addFirst,
190 // addLast, pollFirst, pollLast. The other methods are defined in
191 // terms of these.
192
193 /**
194 * Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque.
195 *
196 * @param e the element to add
197 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
198 */
199 public void addFirst(E e) {
200 if (e == null)
201 throw new NullPointerException();
202 elements[head = (head - 1) & (elements.length - 1)] = e;
203 if (head == tail)
204 doubleCapacity();
205 }
206
207 /**
208 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
209 *
210 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #add}.
211 *
212 * @param e the element to add
213 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
214 */
215 public void addLast(E e) {
216 if (e == null)
217 throw new NullPointerException();
218 elements[tail] = e;
219 if ( (tail = (tail + 1) & (elements.length - 1)) == head)
220 doubleCapacity();
221 }
222
223 /**
224 * Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque.
225 *
226 * @param e the element to add
227 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Deque#offerFirst})
228 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
229 */
230 public boolean offerFirst(E e) {
231 addFirst(e);
232 return true;
233 }
234
235 /**
236 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
237 *
238 * @param e the element to add
239 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Deque#offerLast})
240 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
241 */
242 public boolean offerLast(E e) {
243 addLast(e);
244 return true;
245 }
246
247 /**
248 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
249 */
250 public E removeFirst() {
251 E x = pollFirst();
252 if (x == null)
253 throw new NoSuchElementException();
254 return x;
255 }
256
257 /**
258 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
259 */
260 public E removeLast() {
261 E x = pollLast();
262 if (x == null)
263 throw new NoSuchElementException();
264 return x;
265 }
266
267 public E pollFirst() {
268 int h = head;
269 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
270 E result = (E) elements[h];
271 // Element is null if deque empty
272 if (result == null)
273 return null;
274 elements[h] = null; // Must null out slot
275 head = (h + 1) & (elements.length - 1);
276 return result;
277 }
278
279 public E pollLast() {
280 int t = (tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1);
281 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
282 E result = (E) elements[t];
283 if (result == null)
284 return null;
285 elements[t] = null;
286 tail = t;
287 return result;
288 }
289
290 /**
291 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
292 */
293 public E getFirst() {
294 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
295 E result = (E) elements[head];
296 if (result == null)
297 throw new NoSuchElementException();
298 return result;
299 }
300
301 /**
302 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
303 */
304 public E getLast() {
305 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
306 E result = (E) elements[(tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1)];
307 if (result == null)
308 throw new NoSuchElementException();
309 return result;
310 }
311
312 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
313 public E peekFirst() {
314 // elements[head] is null if deque empty
315 return (E) elements[head];
316 }
317
318 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
319 public E peekLast() {
320 return (E) elements[(tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1)];
321 }
322
323 /**
324 * Removes the first occurrence of the specified element in this
325 * deque (when traversing the deque from head to tail).
326 * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
327 * More formally, removes the first element {@code e} such that
328 * {@code o.equals(e)} (if such an element exists).
329 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
330 * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
331 *
332 * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present
333 * @return {@code true} if the deque contained the specified element
334 */
335 public boolean removeFirstOccurrence(Object o) {
336 if (o == null)
337 return false;
338 int mask = elements.length - 1;
339 int i = head;
340 Object x;
341 while ( (x = elements[i]) != null) {
342 if (o.equals(x)) {
343 delete(i);
344 return true;
345 }
346 i = (i + 1) & mask;
347 }
348 return false;
349 }
350
351 /**
352 * Removes the last occurrence of the specified element in this
353 * deque (when traversing the deque from head to tail).
354 * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
355 * More formally, removes the last element {@code e} such that
356 * {@code o.equals(e)} (if such an element exists).
357 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
358 * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
359 *
360 * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present
361 * @return {@code true} if the deque contained the specified element
362 */
363 public boolean removeLastOccurrence(Object o) {
364 if (o == null)
365 return false;
366 int mask = elements.length - 1;
367 int i = (tail - 1) & mask;
368 Object x;
369 while ( (x = elements[i]) != null) {
370 if (o.equals(x)) {
371 delete(i);
372 return true;
373 }
374 i = (i - 1) & mask;
375 }
376 return false;
377 }
378
379 // *** Queue methods ***
380
381 /**
382 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
383 *
384 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #addLast}.
385 *
386 * @param e the element to add
387 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Collection#add})
388 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
389 */
390 public boolean add(E e) {
391 addLast(e);
392 return true;
393 }
394
395 /**
396 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
397 *
398 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #offerLast}.
399 *
400 * @param e the element to add
401 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Queue#offer})
402 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
403 */
404 public boolean offer(E e) {
405 return offerLast(e);
406 }
407
408 /**
409 * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque.
410 *
411 * This method differs from {@link #poll poll} only in that it throws an
412 * exception if this deque is empty.
413 *
414 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirst}.
415 *
416 * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque
417 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
418 */
419 public E remove() {
420 return removeFirst();
421 }
422
423 /**
424 * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque
425 * (in other words, the first element of this deque), or returns
426 * {@code null} if this deque is empty.
427 *
428 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #pollFirst}.
429 *
430 * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque, or
431 * {@code null} if this deque is empty
432 */
433 public E poll() {
434 return pollFirst();
435 }
436
437 /**
438 * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by
439 * this deque. This method differs from {@link #peek peek} only in
440 * that it throws an exception if this deque is empty.
441 *
442 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #getFirst}.
443 *
444 * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque
445 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
446 */
447 public E element() {
448 return getFirst();
449 }
450
451 /**
452 * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by
453 * this deque, or returns {@code null} if this deque is empty.
454 *
455 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #peekFirst}.
456 *
457 * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque, or
458 * {@code null} if this deque is empty
459 */
460 public E peek() {
461 return peekFirst();
462 }
463
464 // *** Stack methods ***
465
466 /**
467 * Pushes an element onto the stack represented by this deque. In other
468 * words, inserts the element at the front of this deque.
469 *
470 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #addFirst}.
471 *
472 * @param e the element to push
473 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
474 */
475 public void push(E e) {
476 addFirst(e);
477 }
478
479 /**
480 * Pops an element from the stack represented by this deque. In other
481 * words, removes and returns the first element of this deque.
482 *
483 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirst()}.
484 *
485 * @return the element at the front of this deque (which is the top
486 * of the stack represented by this deque)
487 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
488 */
489 public E pop() {
490 return removeFirst();
491 }
492
493 private void checkInvariants() {
494 assert elements[tail] == null;
495 assert head == tail ? elements[head] == null :
496 (elements[head] != null &&
497 elements[(tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1)] != null);
498 assert elements[(head - 1) & (elements.length - 1)] == null;
499 }
500
501 /**
502 * Removes the element at the specified position in the elements array,
503 * adjusting head and tail as necessary. This can result in motion of
504 * elements backwards or forwards in the array.
505 *
506 * <p>This method is called delete rather than remove to emphasize
507 * that its semantics differ from those of {@link List#remove(int)}.
508 *
509 * @return true if elements moved backwards
510 */
511 private boolean delete(int i) {
512 checkInvariants();
513 final Object[] elements = this.elements;
514 final int mask = elements.length - 1;
515 final int h = head;
516 final int t = tail;
517 final int front = (i - h) & mask;
518 final int back = (t - i) & mask;
519
520 // Invariant: head <= i < tail mod circularity
521 if (front >= ((t - h) & mask))
522 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
523
524 // Optimize for least element motion
525 if (front < back) {
526 if (h <= i) {
527 System.arraycopy(elements, h, elements, h + 1, front);
528 } else { // Wrap around
529 System.arraycopy(elements, 0, elements, 1, i);
530 elements[0] = elements[mask];
531 System.arraycopy(elements, h, elements, h + 1, mask - h);
532 }
533 elements[h] = null;
534 head = (h + 1) & mask;
535 return false;
536 } else {
537 if (i < t) { // Copy the null tail as well
538 System.arraycopy(elements, i + 1, elements, i, back);
539 tail = t - 1;
540 } else { // Wrap around
541 System.arraycopy(elements, i + 1, elements, i, mask - i);
542 elements[mask] = elements[0];
543 System.arraycopy(elements, 1, elements, 0, t);
544 tail = (t - 1) & mask;
545 }
546 return true;
547 }
548 }
549
550 // *** Collection Methods ***
551
552 /**
553 * Returns the number of elements in this deque.
554 *
555 * @return the number of elements in this deque
556 */
557 public int size() {
558 return (tail - head) & (elements.length - 1);
559 }
560
561 /**
562 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contains no elements.
563 *
564 * @return {@code true} if this deque contains no elements
565 */
566 public boolean isEmpty() {
567 return head == tail;
568 }
569
570 /**
571 * Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque. The elements
572 * will be ordered from first (head) to last (tail). This is the same
573 * order that elements would be dequeued (via successive calls to
574 * {@link #remove} or popped (via successive calls to {@link #pop}).
575 *
576 * @return an iterator over the elements in this deque
577 */
578 public Iterator<E> iterator() {
579 return new DeqIterator();
580 }
581
582 public Iterator<E> descendingIterator() {
583 return new DescendingIterator();
584 }
585
586 private class DeqIterator implements Iterator<E> {
587 /**
588 * Index of element to be returned by subsequent call to next.
589 */
590 private int cursor = head;
591
592 /**
593 * Tail recorded at construction (also in remove), to stop
594 * iterator and also to check for comodification.
595 */
596 private int fence = tail;
597
598 /**
599 * Index of element returned by most recent call to next.
600 * Reset to -1 if element is deleted by a call to remove.
601 */
602 private int lastRet = -1;
603
604 public boolean hasNext() {
605 return cursor != fence;
606 }
607
608 public E next() {
609 if (cursor == fence)
610 throw new NoSuchElementException();
611 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
612 E result = (E) elements[cursor];
613 // This check doesn't catch all possible comodifications,
614 // but does catch the ones that corrupt traversal
615 if (tail != fence || result == null)
616 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
617 lastRet = cursor;
618 cursor = (cursor + 1) & (elements.length - 1);
619 return result;
620 }
621
622 public void remove() {
623 if (lastRet < 0)
624 throw new IllegalStateException();
625 if (delete(lastRet)) { // if left-shifted, undo increment in next()
626 cursor = (cursor - 1) & (elements.length - 1);
627 fence = tail;
628 }
629 lastRet = -1;
630 }
631 }
632
633 private class DescendingIterator implements Iterator<E> {
634 /*
635 * This class is nearly a mirror-image of DeqIterator, using
636 * tail instead of head for initial cursor, and head instead of
637 * tail for fence.
638 */
639 private int cursor = tail;
640 private int fence = head;
641 private int lastRet = -1;
642
643 public boolean hasNext() {
644 return cursor != fence;
645 }
646
647 public E next() {
648 if (cursor == fence)
649 throw new NoSuchElementException();
650 cursor = (cursor - 1) & (elements.length - 1);
651 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
652 E result = (E) elements[cursor];
653 if (head != fence || result == null)
654 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
655 lastRet = cursor;
656 return result;
657 }
658
659 public void remove() {
660 if (lastRet < 0)
661 throw new IllegalStateException();
662 if (!delete(lastRet)) {
663 cursor = (cursor + 1) & (elements.length - 1);
664 fence = head;
665 }
666 lastRet = -1;
667 }
668 }
669
670 /**
671 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contains the specified element.
672 * More formally, returns {@code true} if and only if this deque contains
673 * at least one element {@code e} such that {@code o.equals(e)}.
674 *
675 * @param o object to be checked for containment in this deque
676 * @return {@code true} if this deque contains the specified element
677 */
678 public boolean contains(Object o) {
679 if (o == null)
680 return false;
681 int mask = elements.length - 1;
682 int i = head;
683 Object x;
684 while ( (x = elements[i]) != null) {
685 if (o.equals(x))
686 return true;
687 i = (i + 1) & mask;
688 }
689 return false;
690 }
691
692 /**
693 * Removes a single instance of the specified element from this deque.
694 * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
695 * More formally, removes the first element {@code e} such that
696 * {@code o.equals(e)} (if such an element exists).
697 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
698 * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
699 *
700 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirstOccurrence}.
701 *
702 * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present
703 * @return {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
704 */
705 public boolean remove(Object o) {
706 return removeFirstOccurrence(o);
707 }
708
709 /**
710 * Removes all of the elements from this deque.
711 * The deque will be empty after this call returns.
712 */
713 public void clear() {
714 int h = head;
715 int t = tail;
716 if (h != t) { // clear all cells
717 head = tail = 0;
718 int i = h;
719 int mask = elements.length - 1;
720 do {
721 elements[i] = null;
722 i = (i + 1) & mask;
723 } while (i != t);
724 }
725 }
726
727 /**
728 * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque
729 * in proper sequence (from first to last element).
730 *
731 * <p>The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are
732 * maintained by this deque. (In other words, this method must allocate
733 * a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.
734 *
735 * <p>This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based
736 * APIs.
737 *
738 * @return an array containing all of the elements in this deque
739 */
740 public Object[] toArray() {
741 return copyElements(new Object[size()]);
742 }
743
744 /**
745 * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque in
746 * proper sequence (from first to last element); the runtime type of the
747 * returned array is that of the specified array. If the deque fits in
748 * the specified array, it is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array
749 * is allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the
750 * size of this deque.
751 *
752 * <p>If this deque fits in the specified array with room to spare
753 * (i.e., the array has more elements than this deque), the element in
754 * the array immediately following the end of the deque is set to
755 * {@code null}.
756 *
757 * <p>Like the {@link #toArray()} method, this method acts as bridge between
758 * array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows
759 * precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may,
760 * under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs.
761 *
762 * <p>Suppose {@code x} is a deque known to contain only strings.
763 * The following code can be used to dump the deque into a newly
764 * allocated array of {@code String}:
765 *
766 * <pre> {@code String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);}</pre>
767 *
768 * Note that {@code toArray(new Object[0])} is identical in function to
769 * {@code toArray()}.
770 *
771 * @param a the array into which the elements of the deque are to
772 * be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the
773 * same runtime type is allocated for this purpose
774 * @return an array containing all of the elements in this deque
775 * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array
776 * is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in
777 * this deque
778 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null
779 */
780 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
781 public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
782 int size = size();
783 if (a.length < size)
784 a = (T[])java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(
785 a.getClass().getComponentType(), size);
786 copyElements(a);
787 if (a.length > size)
788 a[size] = null;
789 return a;
790 }
791
792 // *** Object methods ***
793
794 /**
795 * Returns a copy of this deque.
796 *
797 * @return a copy of this deque
798 */
799 public ArrayDeque<E> clone() {
800 try {
801 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
802 ArrayDeque<E> result = (ArrayDeque<E>) super.clone();
803 result.elements = Arrays.copyOf(elements, elements.length);
804 return result;
805 } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
806 throw new AssertionError();
807 }
808 }
809
810 private static final long serialVersionUID = 2340985798034038923L;
811
812 /**
813 * Saves this deque to a stream (that is, serializes it).
814 *
815 * @serialData The current size ({@code int}) of the deque,
816 * followed by all of its elements (each an object reference) in
817 * first-to-last order.
818 */
819 private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
820 throws java.io.IOException {
821 s.defaultWriteObject();
822
823 // Write out size
824 s.writeInt(size());
825
826 // Write out elements in order.
827 int mask = elements.length - 1;
828 for (int i = head; i != tail; i = (i + 1) & mask)
829 s.writeObject(elements[i]);
830 }
831
832 /**
833 * Reconstitutes this deque from a stream (that is, deserializes it).
834 */
835 private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
836 throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
837 s.defaultReadObject();
838
839 // Read in size and allocate array
840 int size = s.readInt();
841 allocateElements(size);
842 head = 0;
843 tail = size;
844
845 // Read in all elements in the proper order.
846 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
847 elements[i] = s.readObject();
848 }
849
850 public Stream<E> stream() {
851 int flags = Streams.STREAM_IS_ORDERED | Streams.STREAM_IS_SIZED;
852 return Streams.stream
853 (() -> new DeqSpliterator<E>(this, head, tail), flags);
854 }
855 public Stream<E> parallelStream() {
856 int flags = Streams.STREAM_IS_ORDERED | Streams.STREAM_IS_SIZED;
857 return Streams.parallelStream
858 (() -> new DeqSpliterator<E>(this, head, tail), flags);
859 }
860
861
862 static final class DeqSpliterator<E> implements Spliterator<E> {
863 private final ArrayDeque<E> deq;
864 private final int fence; // initially tail
865 private int index; // current index, modified on traverse/split
866
867 /** Create new spliterator covering the given array and range */
868 DeqSpliterator(ArrayDeque<E> deq, int origin, int fence) {
869 this.deq = deq; this.index = origin; this.fence = fence;
870 }
871
872 public DeqSpliterator<E> trySplit() {
873 int n = deq.elements.length;
874 int h = index, t = fence;
875 if (h != t && ((h + 1) & (n - 1)) != t) {
876 if (h > t)
877 t += n;
878 int m = ((h + t) >>> 1) & (n - 1);
879 return new DeqSpliterator<E>(deq, h, index = m);
880 }
881 return null;
882 }
883
884 public void forEach(Block<? super E> block) {
885 if (block == null)
886 throw new NullPointerException();
887 Object[] a = deq.elements;
888 int m = a.length - 1, f = fence, i = index;
889 index = f;
890 while (i != f) {
891 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E)a[i];
892 i = (i + 1) & m;
893 if (e == null)
894 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
895 block.accept(e);
896 }
897 }
898
899 public boolean tryAdvance(Block<? super E> block) {
900 if (block == null)
901 throw new NullPointerException();
902 Object[] a = deq.elements;
903 int m = a.length - 1, i = index;
904 if (i != fence) {
905 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E)a[i];
906 index = (i + 1) & m;
907 if (e == null)
908 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
909 block.accept(e);
910 return true;
911 }
912 return false;
913 }
914
915 // Other spliterator methods
916 public long estimateSize() {
917 int n = fence - index;
918 if (n < 0)
919 n += deq.elements.length;
920 return (long)n;
921 }
922 public boolean hasExactSize() { return true; }
923 public boolean hasExactSplits() { return true; }
924 }
925
926 }