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root/jsr166/jsr166/src/main/java/util/ArrayDeque.java
Revision: 1.65
Committed: Sat Feb 28 20:35:47 2015 UTC (9 years, 2 months ago) by jsr166
Branch: MAIN
Changes since 1.64: +8 -8 lines
Log Message:
tighter bytecode

File Contents

# Content
1 /*
2 * Written by Josh Bloch of Google Inc. and released to the public domain,
3 * as explained at http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/.
4 */
5
6 package java.util;
7
8 import java.io.Serializable;
9 import java.util.function.Consumer;
10
11 /**
12 * Resizable-array implementation of the {@link Deque} interface. Array
13 * deques have no capacity restrictions; they grow as necessary to support
14 * usage. They are not thread-safe; in the absence of external
15 * synchronization, they do not support concurrent access by multiple threads.
16 * Null elements are prohibited. This class is likely to be faster than
17 * {@link Stack} when used as a stack, and faster than {@link LinkedList}
18 * when used as a queue.
19 *
20 * <p>Most {@code ArrayDeque} operations run in amortized constant time.
21 * Exceptions include
22 * {@link #remove(Object) remove},
23 * {@link #removeFirstOccurrence removeFirstOccurrence},
24 * {@link #removeLastOccurrence removeLastOccurrence},
25 * {@link #contains contains},
26 * {@link #iterator iterator.remove()},
27 * and the bulk operations, all of which run in linear time.
28 *
29 * <p>The iterators returned by this class's {@link #iterator() iterator}
30 * method are <em>fail-fast</em>: If the deque is modified at any time after
31 * the iterator is created, in any way except through the iterator's own
32 * {@code remove} method, the iterator will generally throw a {@link
33 * ConcurrentModificationException}. Thus, in the face of concurrent
34 * modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather than risking
35 * arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined time in the
36 * future.
37 *
38 * <p>Note that the fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed
39 * as it is, generally speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the
40 * presence of unsynchronized concurrent modification. Fail-fast iterators
41 * throw {@code ConcurrentModificationException} on a best-effort basis.
42 * Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this
43 * exception for its correctness: <i>the fail-fast behavior of iterators
44 * should be used only to detect bugs.</i>
45 *
46 * <p>This class and its iterator implement all of the
47 * <em>optional</em> methods of the {@link Collection} and {@link
48 * Iterator} interfaces.
49 *
50 * <p>This class is a member of the
51 * <a href="{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/collections/index.html">
52 * Java Collections Framework</a>.
53 *
54 * @author Josh Bloch and Doug Lea
55 * @since 1.6
56 * @param <E> the type of elements held in this deque
57 */
58 public class ArrayDeque<E> extends AbstractCollection<E>
59 implements Deque<E>, Cloneable, Serializable
60 {
61 /**
62 * The array in which the elements of the deque are stored.
63 * The capacity of the deque is the length of this array, which is
64 * always a power of two. The array is never allowed to become
65 * full, except transiently within an addX method where it is
66 * resized (see doubleCapacity) immediately upon becoming full,
67 * thus avoiding head and tail wrapping around to equal each
68 * other. We also guarantee that all array cells not holding
69 * deque elements are always null.
70 */
71 transient Object[] elements; // non-private to simplify nested class access
72
73 /**
74 * The index of the element at the head of the deque (which is the
75 * element that would be removed by remove() or pop()); or an
76 * arbitrary number equal to tail if the deque is empty.
77 */
78 transient int head;
79
80 /**
81 * The index at which the next element would be added to the tail
82 * of the deque (via addLast(E), add(E), or push(E)).
83 */
84 transient int tail;
85
86 /**
87 * The minimum capacity that we'll use for a newly created deque.
88 * Must be a power of 2.
89 */
90 private static final int MIN_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 8;
91
92 // ****** Array allocation and resizing utilities ******
93
94 /**
95 * Allocates empty array to hold the given number of elements.
96 *
97 * @param numElements the number of elements to hold
98 */
99 private void allocateElements(int numElements) {
100 int initialCapacity = MIN_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
101 // Find the best power of two to hold elements.
102 // Tests "<=" because arrays aren't kept full.
103 if (numElements >= initialCapacity) {
104 initialCapacity = numElements;
105 initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 1);
106 initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 2);
107 initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 4);
108 initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 8);
109 initialCapacity |= (initialCapacity >>> 16);
110 initialCapacity++;
111
112 if (initialCapacity < 0) // Too many elements, must back off
113 initialCapacity >>>= 1;// Good luck allocating 2 ^ 30 elements
114 }
115 elements = new Object[initialCapacity];
116 }
117
118 /**
119 * Doubles the capacity of this deque. Call only when full, i.e.,
120 * when head and tail have wrapped around to become equal.
121 */
122 private void doubleCapacity() {
123 assert head == tail;
124 int p = head;
125 int n = elements.length;
126 int r = n - p; // number of elements to the right of p
127 int newCapacity = n << 1;
128 if (newCapacity < 0)
129 throw new IllegalStateException("Sorry, deque too big");
130 Object[] a = new Object[newCapacity];
131 System.arraycopy(elements, p, a, 0, r);
132 System.arraycopy(elements, 0, a, r, p);
133 elements = a;
134 head = 0;
135 tail = n;
136 }
137
138 /**
139 * Constructs an empty array deque with an initial capacity
140 * sufficient to hold 16 elements.
141 */
142 public ArrayDeque() {
143 elements = new Object[16];
144 }
145
146 /**
147 * Constructs an empty array deque with an initial capacity
148 * sufficient to hold the specified number of elements.
149 *
150 * @param numElements lower bound on initial capacity of the deque
151 */
152 public ArrayDeque(int numElements) {
153 allocateElements(numElements);
154 }
155
156 /**
157 * Constructs a deque containing the elements of the specified
158 * collection, in the order they are returned by the collection's
159 * iterator. (The first element returned by the collection's
160 * iterator becomes the first element, or <i>front</i> of the
161 * deque.)
162 *
163 * @param c the collection whose elements are to be placed into the deque
164 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null
165 */
166 public ArrayDeque(Collection<? extends E> c) {
167 allocateElements(c.size());
168 addAll(c);
169 }
170
171 // The main insertion and extraction methods are addFirst,
172 // addLast, pollFirst, pollLast. The other methods are defined in
173 // terms of these.
174
175 /**
176 * Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque.
177 *
178 * @param e the element to add
179 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
180 */
181 public void addFirst(E e) {
182 if (e == null)
183 throw new NullPointerException();
184 elements[head = (head - 1) & (elements.length - 1)] = e;
185 if (head == tail)
186 doubleCapacity();
187 }
188
189 /**
190 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
191 *
192 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #add}.
193 *
194 * @param e the element to add
195 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
196 */
197 public void addLast(E e) {
198 if (e == null)
199 throw new NullPointerException();
200 elements[tail] = e;
201 if ( (tail = (tail + 1) & (elements.length - 1)) == head)
202 doubleCapacity();
203 }
204
205 /**
206 * Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque.
207 *
208 * @param e the element to add
209 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Deque#offerFirst})
210 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
211 */
212 public boolean offerFirst(E e) {
213 addFirst(e);
214 return true;
215 }
216
217 /**
218 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
219 *
220 * @param e the element to add
221 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Deque#offerLast})
222 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
223 */
224 public boolean offerLast(E e) {
225 addLast(e);
226 return true;
227 }
228
229 /**
230 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
231 */
232 public E removeFirst() {
233 E x = pollFirst();
234 if (x == null)
235 throw new NoSuchElementException();
236 return x;
237 }
238
239 /**
240 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
241 */
242 public E removeLast() {
243 E x = pollLast();
244 if (x == null)
245 throw new NoSuchElementException();
246 return x;
247 }
248
249 public E pollFirst() {
250 int h = head;
251 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
252 E result = (E) elements[h];
253 // Element is null if deque empty
254 if (result != null) {
255 elements[h] = null; // Must null out slot
256 head = (h + 1) & (elements.length - 1);
257 }
258 return result;
259 }
260
261 public E pollLast() {
262 int t = (tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1);
263 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
264 E result = (E) elements[t];
265 if (result != null) {
266 elements[t] = null;
267 tail = t;
268 }
269 return result;
270 }
271
272 /**
273 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
274 */
275 public E getFirst() {
276 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
277 E result = (E) elements[head];
278 if (result == null)
279 throw new NoSuchElementException();
280 return result;
281 }
282
283 /**
284 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
285 */
286 public E getLast() {
287 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
288 E result = (E) elements[(tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1)];
289 if (result == null)
290 throw new NoSuchElementException();
291 return result;
292 }
293
294 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
295 public E peekFirst() {
296 // elements[head] is null if deque empty
297 return (E) elements[head];
298 }
299
300 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
301 public E peekLast() {
302 return (E) elements[(tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1)];
303 }
304
305 /**
306 * Removes the first occurrence of the specified element in this
307 * deque (when traversing the deque from head to tail).
308 * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
309 * More formally, removes the first element {@code e} such that
310 * {@code o.equals(e)} (if such an element exists).
311 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
312 * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
313 *
314 * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present
315 * @return {@code true} if the deque contained the specified element
316 */
317 public boolean removeFirstOccurrence(Object o) {
318 if (o != null) {
319 int mask = elements.length - 1;
320 int i = head;
321 for (Object x; (x = elements[i]) != null; i = (i + 1) & mask) {
322 if (o.equals(x)) {
323 delete(i);
324 return true;
325 }
326 }
327 }
328 return false;
329 }
330
331 /**
332 * Removes the last occurrence of the specified element in this
333 * deque (when traversing the deque from head to tail).
334 * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
335 * More formally, removes the last element {@code e} such that
336 * {@code o.equals(e)} (if such an element exists).
337 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
338 * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
339 *
340 * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present
341 * @return {@code true} if the deque contained the specified element
342 */
343 public boolean removeLastOccurrence(Object o) {
344 if (o != null) {
345 int mask = elements.length - 1;
346 int i = (tail - 1) & mask;
347 for (Object x; (x = elements[i]) != null; i = (i - 1) & mask) {
348 if (o.equals(x)) {
349 delete(i);
350 return true;
351 }
352 }
353 }
354 return false;
355 }
356
357 // *** Queue methods ***
358
359 /**
360 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
361 *
362 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #addLast}.
363 *
364 * @param e the element to add
365 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Collection#add})
366 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
367 */
368 public boolean add(E e) {
369 addLast(e);
370 return true;
371 }
372
373 /**
374 * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque.
375 *
376 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #offerLast}.
377 *
378 * @param e the element to add
379 * @return {@code true} (as specified by {@link Queue#offer})
380 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
381 */
382 public boolean offer(E e) {
383 return offerLast(e);
384 }
385
386 /**
387 * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque.
388 *
389 * This method differs from {@link #poll poll} only in that it throws an
390 * exception if this deque is empty.
391 *
392 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirst}.
393 *
394 * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque
395 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
396 */
397 public E remove() {
398 return removeFirst();
399 }
400
401 /**
402 * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque
403 * (in other words, the first element of this deque), or returns
404 * {@code null} if this deque is empty.
405 *
406 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #pollFirst}.
407 *
408 * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque, or
409 * {@code null} if this deque is empty
410 */
411 public E poll() {
412 return pollFirst();
413 }
414
415 /**
416 * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by
417 * this deque. This method differs from {@link #peek peek} only in
418 * that it throws an exception if this deque is empty.
419 *
420 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #getFirst}.
421 *
422 * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque
423 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
424 */
425 public E element() {
426 return getFirst();
427 }
428
429 /**
430 * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by
431 * this deque, or returns {@code null} if this deque is empty.
432 *
433 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #peekFirst}.
434 *
435 * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque, or
436 * {@code null} if this deque is empty
437 */
438 public E peek() {
439 return peekFirst();
440 }
441
442 // *** Stack methods ***
443
444 /**
445 * Pushes an element onto the stack represented by this deque. In other
446 * words, inserts the element at the front of this deque.
447 *
448 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #addFirst}.
449 *
450 * @param e the element to push
451 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
452 */
453 public void push(E e) {
454 addFirst(e);
455 }
456
457 /**
458 * Pops an element from the stack represented by this deque. In other
459 * words, removes and returns the first element of this deque.
460 *
461 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirst()}.
462 *
463 * @return the element at the front of this deque (which is the top
464 * of the stack represented by this deque)
465 * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc}
466 */
467 public E pop() {
468 return removeFirst();
469 }
470
471 private void checkInvariants() {
472 assert elements[tail] == null;
473 assert head == tail ? elements[head] == null :
474 (elements[head] != null &&
475 elements[(tail - 1) & (elements.length - 1)] != null);
476 assert elements[(head - 1) & (elements.length - 1)] == null;
477 }
478
479 /**
480 * Removes the element at the specified position in the elements array,
481 * adjusting head and tail as necessary. This can result in motion of
482 * elements backwards or forwards in the array.
483 *
484 * <p>This method is called delete rather than remove to emphasize
485 * that its semantics differ from those of {@link List#remove(int)}.
486 *
487 * @return true if elements moved backwards
488 */
489 private boolean delete(int i) {
490 checkInvariants();
491 final Object[] elements = this.elements;
492 final int mask = elements.length - 1;
493 final int h = head;
494 final int t = tail;
495 final int front = (i - h) & mask;
496 final int back = (t - i) & mask;
497
498 // Invariant: head <= i < tail mod circularity
499 if (front >= ((t - h) & mask))
500 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
501
502 // Optimize for least element motion
503 if (front < back) {
504 if (h <= i) {
505 System.arraycopy(elements, h, elements, h + 1, front);
506 } else { // Wrap around
507 System.arraycopy(elements, 0, elements, 1, i);
508 elements[0] = elements[mask];
509 System.arraycopy(elements, h, elements, h + 1, mask - h);
510 }
511 elements[h] = null;
512 head = (h + 1) & mask;
513 return false;
514 } else {
515 if (i < t) { // Copy the null tail as well
516 System.arraycopy(elements, i + 1, elements, i, back);
517 tail = t - 1;
518 } else { // Wrap around
519 System.arraycopy(elements, i + 1, elements, i, mask - i);
520 elements[mask] = elements[0];
521 System.arraycopy(elements, 1, elements, 0, t);
522 tail = (t - 1) & mask;
523 }
524 return true;
525 }
526 }
527
528 // *** Collection Methods ***
529
530 /**
531 * Returns the number of elements in this deque.
532 *
533 * @return the number of elements in this deque
534 */
535 public int size() {
536 return (tail - head) & (elements.length - 1);
537 }
538
539 /**
540 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contains no elements.
541 *
542 * @return {@code true} if this deque contains no elements
543 */
544 public boolean isEmpty() {
545 return head == tail;
546 }
547
548 /**
549 * Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque. The elements
550 * will be ordered from first (head) to last (tail). This is the same
551 * order that elements would be dequeued (via successive calls to
552 * {@link #remove} or popped (via successive calls to {@link #pop}).
553 *
554 * @return an iterator over the elements in this deque
555 */
556 public Iterator<E> iterator() {
557 return new DeqIterator();
558 }
559
560 public Iterator<E> descendingIterator() {
561 return new DescendingIterator();
562 }
563
564 private class DeqIterator implements Iterator<E> {
565 /**
566 * Index of element to be returned by subsequent call to next.
567 */
568 private int cursor = head;
569
570 /**
571 * Tail recorded at construction (also in remove), to stop
572 * iterator and also to check for comodification.
573 */
574 private int fence = tail;
575
576 /**
577 * Index of element returned by most recent call to next.
578 * Reset to -1 if element is deleted by a call to remove.
579 */
580 private int lastRet = -1;
581
582 public boolean hasNext() {
583 return cursor != fence;
584 }
585
586 public E next() {
587 if (cursor == fence)
588 throw new NoSuchElementException();
589 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
590 E result = (E) elements[cursor];
591 // This check doesn't catch all possible comodifications,
592 // but does catch the ones that corrupt traversal
593 if (tail != fence || result == null)
594 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
595 lastRet = cursor;
596 cursor = (cursor + 1) & (elements.length - 1);
597 return result;
598 }
599
600 public void remove() {
601 if (lastRet < 0)
602 throw new IllegalStateException();
603 if (delete(lastRet)) { // if left-shifted, undo increment in next()
604 cursor = (cursor - 1) & (elements.length - 1);
605 fence = tail;
606 }
607 lastRet = -1;
608 }
609 }
610
611 /**
612 * This class is nearly a mirror-image of DeqIterator, using tail
613 * instead of head for initial cursor, and head instead of tail
614 * for fence.
615 */
616 private class DescendingIterator implements Iterator<E> {
617 private int cursor = tail;
618 private int fence = head;
619 private int lastRet = -1;
620
621 public boolean hasNext() {
622 return cursor != fence;
623 }
624
625 public E next() {
626 if (cursor == fence)
627 throw new NoSuchElementException();
628 cursor = (cursor - 1) & (elements.length - 1);
629 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
630 E result = (E) elements[cursor];
631 if (head != fence || result == null)
632 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
633 lastRet = cursor;
634 return result;
635 }
636
637 public void remove() {
638 if (lastRet < 0)
639 throw new IllegalStateException();
640 if (!delete(lastRet)) {
641 cursor = (cursor + 1) & (elements.length - 1);
642 fence = head;
643 }
644 lastRet = -1;
645 }
646 }
647
648 /**
649 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contains the specified element.
650 * More formally, returns {@code true} if and only if this deque contains
651 * at least one element {@code e} such that {@code o.equals(e)}.
652 *
653 * @param o object to be checked for containment in this deque
654 * @return {@code true} if this deque contains the specified element
655 */
656 public boolean contains(Object o) {
657 if (o != null) {
658 int mask = elements.length - 1;
659 int i = head;
660 for (Object x; (x = elements[i]) != null; i = (i + 1) & mask) {
661 if (o.equals(x))
662 return true;
663 }
664 }
665 return false;
666 }
667
668 /**
669 * Removes a single instance of the specified element from this deque.
670 * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged.
671 * More formally, removes the first element {@code e} such that
672 * {@code o.equals(e)} (if such an element exists).
673 * Returns {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
674 * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call).
675 *
676 * <p>This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirstOccurrence(Object)}.
677 *
678 * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present
679 * @return {@code true} if this deque contained the specified element
680 */
681 public boolean remove(Object o) {
682 return removeFirstOccurrence(o);
683 }
684
685 /**
686 * Removes all of the elements from this deque.
687 * The deque will be empty after this call returns.
688 */
689 public void clear() {
690 int h = head;
691 int t = tail;
692 if (h != t) { // clear all cells
693 head = tail = 0;
694 int i = h;
695 int mask = elements.length - 1;
696 do {
697 elements[i] = null;
698 i = (i + 1) & mask;
699 } while (i != t);
700 }
701 }
702
703 /**
704 * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque
705 * in proper sequence (from first to last element).
706 *
707 * <p>The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are
708 * maintained by this deque. (In other words, this method must allocate
709 * a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.
710 *
711 * <p>This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based
712 * APIs.
713 *
714 * @return an array containing all of the elements in this deque
715 */
716 public Object[] toArray() {
717 final int head = this.head;
718 final int tail = this.tail;
719 boolean wrap = (tail < head);
720 int end = wrap ? tail + elements.length : tail;
721 Object[] a = Arrays.copyOfRange(elements, head, end);
722 if (wrap)
723 System.arraycopy(elements, 0, a, elements.length - head, tail);
724 return a;
725 }
726
727 /**
728 * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque in
729 * proper sequence (from first to last element); the runtime type of the
730 * returned array is that of the specified array. If the deque fits in
731 * the specified array, it is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array
732 * is allocated with the runtime type of the specified array and the
733 * size of this deque.
734 *
735 * <p>If this deque fits in the specified array with room to spare
736 * (i.e., the array has more elements than this deque), the element in
737 * the array immediately following the end of the deque is set to
738 * {@code null}.
739 *
740 * <p>Like the {@link #toArray()} method, this method acts as bridge between
741 * array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows
742 * precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may,
743 * under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs.
744 *
745 * <p>Suppose {@code x} is a deque known to contain only strings.
746 * The following code can be used to dump the deque into a newly
747 * allocated array of {@code String}:
748 *
749 * <pre> {@code String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);}</pre>
750 *
751 * Note that {@code toArray(new Object[0])} is identical in function to
752 * {@code toArray()}.
753 *
754 * @param a the array into which the elements of the deque are to
755 * be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the
756 * same runtime type is allocated for this purpose
757 * @return an array containing all of the elements in this deque
758 * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array
759 * is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in
760 * this deque
761 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null
762 */
763 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
764 public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
765 final int head = this.head;
766 final int tail = this.tail;
767 boolean wrap = (tail < head);
768 int size = (tail - head) + (wrap ? elements.length : 0);
769 int firstLeg = size - (wrap ? tail : 0);
770 int len = a.length;
771 if (size > len) {
772 a = (T[]) Arrays.copyOfRange(elements, head, head + size,
773 a.getClass());
774 } else {
775 System.arraycopy(elements, head, a, 0, firstLeg);
776 if (size < len)
777 a[size] = null;
778 }
779 if (wrap)
780 System.arraycopy(elements, 0, a, firstLeg, tail);
781 return a;
782 }
783
784 // *** Object methods ***
785
786 /**
787 * Returns a copy of this deque.
788 *
789 * @return a copy of this deque
790 */
791 public ArrayDeque<E> clone() {
792 try {
793 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
794 ArrayDeque<E> result = (ArrayDeque<E>) super.clone();
795 result.elements = Arrays.copyOf(elements, elements.length);
796 return result;
797 } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
798 throw new AssertionError();
799 }
800 }
801
802 private static final long serialVersionUID = 2340985798034038923L;
803
804 /**
805 * Saves this deque to a stream (that is, serializes it).
806 *
807 * @param s the stream
808 * @throws java.io.IOException if an I/O error occurs
809 * @serialData The current size ({@code int}) of the deque,
810 * followed by all of its elements (each an object reference) in
811 * first-to-last order.
812 */
813 private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
814 throws java.io.IOException {
815 s.defaultWriteObject();
816
817 // Write out size
818 s.writeInt(size());
819
820 // Write out elements in order.
821 int mask = elements.length - 1;
822 for (int i = head; i != tail; i = (i + 1) & mask)
823 s.writeObject(elements[i]);
824 }
825
826 /**
827 * Reconstitutes this deque from a stream (that is, deserializes it).
828 * @param s the stream
829 * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the class of a serialized object
830 * could not be found
831 * @throws java.io.IOException if an I/O error occurs
832 */
833 private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
834 throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
835 s.defaultReadObject();
836
837 // Read in size and allocate array
838 int size = s.readInt();
839 allocateElements(size);
840 head = 0;
841 tail = size;
842
843 // Read in all elements in the proper order.
844 for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
845 elements[i] = s.readObject();
846 }
847
848 public Spliterator<E> spliterator() {
849 return new DeqSpliterator<E>(this, -1, -1);
850 }
851
852 static final class DeqSpliterator<E> implements Spliterator<E> {
853 private final ArrayDeque<E> deq;
854 private int fence; // -1 until first use
855 private int index; // current index, modified on traverse/split
856
857 /** Creates new spliterator covering the given array and range */
858 DeqSpliterator(ArrayDeque<E> deq, int origin, int fence) {
859 this.deq = deq;
860 this.index = origin;
861 this.fence = fence;
862 }
863
864 private int getFence() { // force initialization
865 int t;
866 if ((t = fence) < 0) {
867 t = fence = deq.tail;
868 index = deq.head;
869 }
870 return t;
871 }
872
873 public Spliterator<E> trySplit() {
874 int t = getFence(), h = index, n = deq.elements.length;
875 if (h != t && ((h + 1) & (n - 1)) != t) {
876 if (h > t)
877 t += n;
878 int m = ((h + t) >>> 1) & (n - 1);
879 return new DeqSpliterator<>(deq, h, index = m);
880 }
881 return null;
882 }
883
884 public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> consumer) {
885 if (consumer == null)
886 throw new NullPointerException();
887 Object[] a = deq.elements;
888 int m = a.length - 1, f = getFence(), i = index;
889 index = f;
890 while (i != f) {
891 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E)a[i];
892 i = (i + 1) & m;
893 if (e == null)
894 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
895 consumer.accept(e);
896 }
897 }
898
899 public boolean tryAdvance(Consumer<? super E> consumer) {
900 if (consumer == null)
901 throw new NullPointerException();
902 Object[] a = deq.elements;
903 int m = a.length - 1, f = getFence(), i = index;
904 if (i != f) {
905 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E)a[i];
906 index = (i + 1) & m;
907 if (e == null)
908 throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
909 consumer.accept(e);
910 return true;
911 }
912 return false;
913 }
914
915 public long estimateSize() {
916 int n = getFence() - index;
917 if (n < 0)
918 n += deq.elements.length;
919 return (long) n;
920 }
921
922 @Override
923 public int characteristics() {
924 return Spliterator.ORDERED | Spliterator.SIZED |
925 Spliterator.NONNULL | Spliterator.SUBSIZED;
926 }
927 }
928
929 }