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Revision 1.20 by jsr166, Sun Jan 7 07:38:27 2007 UTC vs.
Revision 1.57 by jsr166, Thu Oct 10 16:53:08 2019 UTC

# Line 1 | Line 1
1   /*
2 < * %W% %E%
2 > * Copyright (c) 1994, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 > * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4   *
5 < * Copyright 2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
6 < * SUN PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
5 > * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 > * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 > * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
8 > * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 > * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
10 > *
11 > * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 > * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 > * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
14 > * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 > * accompanied this code).
16 > *
17 > * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18 > * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19 > * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20 > *
21 > * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
22 > * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
23 > * questions.
24   */
25  
26   package java.util;
27  
28 + import java.io.IOException;
29 + import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
30 + import java.io.StreamCorruptedException;
31 + import java.util.function.Consumer;
32 + import java.util.function.Predicate;
33 + import java.util.function.UnaryOperator;
34 +
35 + import jdk.internal.util.ArraysSupport;
36 +
37   /**
38   * The {@code Vector} class implements a growable array of
39   * objects. Like an array, it contains components that can be
# Line 23 | Line 50 | package java.util;
50   * capacity of a vector before inserting a large number of
51   * components; this reduces the amount of incremental reallocation.
52   *
53 < * <p>The Iterators returned by Vector's iterator and listIterator
54 < * methods are <em>fail-fast</em>: if the Vector is structurally modified
55 < * at any time after the Iterator is created, in any way except through the
56 < * Iterator's own remove or add methods, the Iterator will throw a
57 < * ConcurrentModificationException.  Thus, in the face of concurrent
58 < * modification, the Iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather than risking
59 < * arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined time in the future.
60 < * The Enumerations returned by Vector's elements method are <em>not</em>
61 < * fail-fast.
53 > * <p id="fail-fast">
54 > * The iterators returned by this class's {@link #iterator() iterator} and
55 > * {@link #listIterator(int) listIterator} methods are <em>fail-fast</em>:
56 > * if the vector is structurally modified at any time after the iterator is
57 > * created, in any way except through the iterator's own
58 > * {@link ListIterator#remove() remove} or
59 > * {@link ListIterator#add(Object) add} methods, the iterator will throw a
60 > * {@link ConcurrentModificationException}.  Thus, in the face of
61 > * concurrent modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather
62 > * than risking arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined
63 > * time in the future.  The {@link Enumeration Enumerations} returned by
64 > * the {@link #elements() elements} method are <em>not</em> fail-fast; if the
65 > * Vector is structurally modified at any time after the enumeration is
66 > * created then the results of enumerating are undefined.
67   *
68   * <p>Note that the fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed
69   * as it is, generally speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the
# Line 43 | Line 75 | package java.util;
75   *
76   * <p>As of the Java 2 platform v1.2, this class was retrofitted to
77   * implement the {@link List} interface, making it a member of the
78 < * <a href="{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/collections/index.html"> Java
79 < * Collections Framework</a>.  Unlike the new collection
80 < * implementations, {@code Vector} is synchronized.
78 > * <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/util/package-summary.html#CollectionsFramework">
79 > * Java Collections Framework</a>.  Unlike the new collection
80 > * implementations, {@code Vector} is synchronized.  If a thread-safe
81 > * implementation is not needed, it is recommended to use {@link
82 > * ArrayList} in place of {@code Vector}.
83 > *
84 > * @param <E> Type of component elements
85   *
86   * @author  Lee Boynton
87   * @author  Jonathan Payne
52 * @version %I%, %G%
88   * @see Collection
54 * @see List
55 * @see ArrayList
89   * @see LinkedList
90 < * @since   JDK1.0
90 > * @since   1.0
91   */
92   public class Vector<E>
93      extends AbstractList<E>
# Line 69 | Line 102 | public class Vector<E>
102       *
103       * @serial
104       */
105 +    @SuppressWarnings("serial") // Conditionally serializable
106      protected Object[] elementData;
107  
108      /**
# Line 91 | Line 125 | public class Vector<E>
125      protected int capacityIncrement;
126  
127      /** use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.0.2 for interoperability */
128 +    // OPENJDK @java.io.Serial
129      private static final long serialVersionUID = -2767605614048989439L;
130  
131      /**
# Line 104 | Line 139 | public class Vector<E>
139       *         is negative
140       */
141      public Vector(int initialCapacity, int capacityIncrement) {
142 <        super();
142 >        super();
143          if (initialCapacity < 0)
144              throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal Capacity: "+
145                                                 initialCapacity);
146 <        this.elementData = new Object[initialCapacity];
147 <        this.capacityIncrement = capacityIncrement;
146 >        this.elementData = new Object[initialCapacity];
147 >        this.capacityIncrement = capacityIncrement;
148      }
149  
150      /**
# Line 121 | Line 156 | public class Vector<E>
156       *         is negative
157       */
158      public Vector(int initialCapacity) {
159 <        this(initialCapacity, 0);
159 >        this(initialCapacity, 0);
160      }
161  
162      /**
# Line 130 | Line 165 | public class Vector<E>
165       * zero.
166       */
167      public Vector() {
168 <        this(10);
168 >        this(10);
169      }
170  
171      /**
# Line 144 | Line 179 | public class Vector<E>
179       * @since   1.2
180       */
181      public Vector(Collection<? extends E> c) {
182 <        elementData = c.toArray();
183 <        elementCount = elementData.length;
184 <        // c.toArray might (incorrectly) not return Object[] (see 6260652)
185 <        if (elementData.getClass() != Object[].class)
186 <            elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, elementCount, Object[].class);
182 >        elementData = c.toArray();
183 >        elementCount = elementData.length;
184 >        // defend against c.toArray (incorrectly) not returning Object[]
185 >        // (see e.g. https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-6260652)
186 >        if (elementData.getClass() != Object[].class)
187 >            elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, elementCount, Object[].class);
188      }
189  
190      /**
# Line 165 | Line 201 | public class Vector<E>
201       * @see #toArray(Object[])
202       */
203      public synchronized void copyInto(Object[] anArray) {
204 <        System.arraycopy(elementData, 0, anArray, 0, elementCount);
204 >        System.arraycopy(elementData, 0, anArray, 0, elementCount);
205      }
206  
207      /**
# Line 177 | Line 213 | public class Vector<E>
213       * minimize the storage of a vector.
214       */
215      public synchronized void trimToSize() {
216 <        modCount++;
217 <        int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
218 <        if (elementCount < oldCapacity) {
216 >        modCount++;
217 >        int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
218 >        if (elementCount < oldCapacity) {
219              elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, elementCount);
220 <        }
220 >        }
221      }
222  
223      /**
# Line 202 | Line 238 | public class Vector<E>
238       * @param minCapacity the desired minimum capacity
239       */
240      public synchronized void ensureCapacity(int minCapacity) {
241 <        modCount++;
242 <        ensureCapacityHelper(minCapacity);
241 >        if (minCapacity > 0) {
242 >            modCount++;
243 >            if (minCapacity > elementData.length)
244 >                grow(minCapacity);
245 >        }
246      }
247  
248      /**
249 <     * This implements the unsynchronized semantics of ensureCapacity.
250 <     * Synchronized methods in this class can internally call this
251 <     * method for ensuring capacity without incurring the cost of an
252 <     * extra synchronization.
253 <     *
254 <     * @see #ensureCapacity(int)
255 <     */
256 <    private void ensureCapacityHelper(int minCapacity) {
257 <        int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
258 <        if (minCapacity > oldCapacity) {
259 <            Object[] oldData = elementData;
260 <            int newCapacity = (capacityIncrement > 0) ?
261 <                (oldCapacity + capacityIncrement) : (oldCapacity * 2);
262 <            if (newCapacity < minCapacity) {
263 <                newCapacity = minCapacity;
264 <            }
265 <            elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
227 <        }
249 >     * Increases the capacity to ensure that it can hold at least the
250 >     * number of elements specified by the minimum capacity argument.
251 >     *
252 >     * @param minCapacity the desired minimum capacity
253 >     * @throws OutOfMemoryError if minCapacity is less than zero
254 >     */
255 >    private Object[] grow(int minCapacity) {
256 >        int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
257 >        int newCapacity = ArraysSupport.newLength(oldCapacity,
258 >                minCapacity - oldCapacity, /* minimum growth */
259 >                capacityIncrement > 0 ? capacityIncrement : oldCapacity
260 >                                           /* preferred growth */);
261 >        return elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
262 >    }
263 >
264 >    private Object[] grow() {
265 >        return grow(elementCount + 1);
266      }
267  
268      /**
# Line 237 | Line 275 | public class Vector<E>
275       * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the new size is negative
276       */
277      public synchronized void setSize(int newSize) {
278 <        modCount++;
279 <        if (newSize > elementCount) {
280 <            ensureCapacityHelper(newSize);
281 <        } else {
282 <            for (int i = newSize ; i < elementCount ; i++) {
283 <                elementData[i] = null;
284 <            }
247 <        }
248 <        elementCount = newSize;
278 >        modCount++;
279 >        if (newSize > elementData.length)
280 >            grow(newSize);
281 >        final Object[] es = elementData;
282 >        for (int to = elementCount, i = newSize; i < to; i++)
283 >            es[i] = null;
284 >        elementCount = newSize;
285      }
286  
287      /**
# Line 256 | Line 292 | public class Vector<E>
292       *          of this vector)
293       */
294      public synchronized int capacity() {
295 <        return elementData.length;
295 >        return elementData.length;
296      }
297  
298      /**
# Line 265 | Line 301 | public class Vector<E>
301       * @return  the number of components in this vector
302       */
303      public synchronized int size() {
304 <        return elementCount;
304 >        return elementCount;
305      }
306  
307      /**
# Line 276 | Line 312 | public class Vector<E>
312       *          {@code false} otherwise.
313       */
314      public synchronized boolean isEmpty() {
315 <        return elementCount == 0;
315 >        return elementCount == 0;
316      }
317  
318      /**
319       * Returns an enumeration of the components of this vector. The
320       * returned {@code Enumeration} object will generate all items in
321       * this vector. The first item generated is the item at index {@code 0},
322 <     * then the item at index {@code 1}, and so on.
322 >     * then the item at index {@code 1}, and so on. If the vector is
323 >     * structurally modified while enumerating over the elements then the
324 >     * results of enumerating are undefined.
325       *
326       * @return  an enumeration of the components of this vector
327       * @see     Iterator
328       */
329      public Enumeration<E> elements() {
330 <        return new Enumeration<E>() {
331 <            int count = 0;
330 >        return new Enumeration<E>() {
331 >            int count = 0;
332 >
333 >            public boolean hasMoreElements() {
334 >                return count < elementCount;
335 >            }
336  
337 <            public boolean hasMoreElements() {
338 <                return count < elementCount;
339 <            }
340 <
341 <            public E nextElement() {
342 <                synchronized (Vector.this) {
343 <                    if (count < elementCount) {
344 <                        return (E)elementData[count++];
345 <                    }
304 <                }
305 <                throw new NoSuchElementException("Vector Enumeration");
306 <            }
307 <        };
337 >            public E nextElement() {
338 >                synchronized (Vector.this) {
339 >                    if (count < elementCount) {
340 >                        return elementData(count++);
341 >                    }
342 >                }
343 >                throw new NoSuchElementException("Vector Enumeration");
344 >            }
345 >        };
346      }
347  
348      /**
349       * Returns {@code true} if this vector contains the specified element.
350       * More formally, returns {@code true} if and only if this vector
351       * contains at least one element {@code e} such that
352 <     * <tt>(o==null&nbsp;?&nbsp;e==null&nbsp;:&nbsp;o.equals(e))</tt>.
352 >     * {@code Objects.equals(o, e)}.
353       *
354       * @param o element whose presence in this vector is to be tested
355       * @return {@code true} if this vector contains the specified element
356       */
357      public boolean contains(Object o) {
358 <        return indexOf(o, 0) >= 0;
358 >        return indexOf(o, 0) >= 0;
359      }
360  
361      /**
362       * Returns the index of the first occurrence of the specified element
363       * in this vector, or -1 if this vector does not contain the element.
364       * More formally, returns the lowest index {@code i} such that
365 <     * <tt>(o==null&nbsp;?&nbsp;get(i)==null&nbsp;:&nbsp;o.equals(get(i)))</tt>,
365 >     * {@code Objects.equals(o, get(i))},
366       * or -1 if there is no such index.
367       *
368       * @param o element to search for
# Line 332 | Line 370 | public class Vector<E>
370       *         this vector, or -1 if this vector does not contain the element
371       */
372      public int indexOf(Object o) {
373 <        return indexOf(o, 0);
373 >        return indexOf(o, 0);
374      }
375  
376      /**
# Line 340 | Line 378 | public class Vector<E>
378       * this vector, searching forwards from {@code index}, or returns -1 if
379       * the element is not found.
380       * More formally, returns the lowest index {@code i} such that
381 <     * <tt>(i&nbsp;&gt;=&nbsp;index&nbsp;&amp;&amp;&nbsp;(o==null&nbsp;?&nbsp;get(i)==null&nbsp;:&nbsp;o.equals(get(i))))</tt>,
381 >     * {@code (i >= index && Objects.equals(o, get(i)))},
382       * or -1 if there is no such index.
383       *
384       * @param o element to search for
# Line 352 | Line 390 | public class Vector<E>
390       * @see     Object#equals(Object)
391       */
392      public synchronized int indexOf(Object o, int index) {
393 <        if (o == null) {
394 <            for (int i = index ; i < elementCount ; i++)
395 <                if (elementData[i]==null)
396 <                    return i;
397 <        } else {
398 <            for (int i = index ; i < elementCount ; i++)
399 <                if (o.equals(elementData[i]))
400 <                    return i;
401 <        }
402 <        return -1;
393 >        if (o == null) {
394 >            for (int i = index ; i < elementCount ; i++)
395 >                if (elementData[i]==null)
396 >                    return i;
397 >        } else {
398 >            for (int i = index ; i < elementCount ; i++)
399 >                if (o.equals(elementData[i]))
400 >                    return i;
401 >        }
402 >        return -1;
403      }
404  
405      /**
406       * Returns the index of the last occurrence of the specified element
407       * in this vector, or -1 if this vector does not contain the element.
408       * More formally, returns the highest index {@code i} such that
409 <     * <tt>(o==null&nbsp;?&nbsp;get(i)==null&nbsp;:&nbsp;o.equals(get(i)))</tt>,
409 >     * {@code Objects.equals(o, get(i))},
410       * or -1 if there is no such index.
411       *
412       * @param o element to search for
# Line 376 | Line 414 | public class Vector<E>
414       *         this vector, or -1 if this vector does not contain the element
415       */
416      public synchronized int lastIndexOf(Object o) {
417 <        return lastIndexOf(o, elementCount-1);
417 >        return lastIndexOf(o, elementCount-1);
418      }
419  
420      /**
# Line 384 | Line 422 | public class Vector<E>
422       * this vector, searching backwards from {@code index}, or returns -1 if
423       * the element is not found.
424       * More formally, returns the highest index {@code i} such that
425 <     * <tt>(i&nbsp;&lt;=&nbsp;index&nbsp;&amp;&amp;&nbsp;(o==null&nbsp;?&nbsp;get(i)==null&nbsp;:&nbsp;o.equals(get(i))))</tt>,
425 >     * {@code (i <= index && Objects.equals(o, get(i)))},
426       * or -1 if there is no such index.
427       *
428       * @param o element to search for
# Line 399 | Line 437 | public class Vector<E>
437          if (index >= elementCount)
438              throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(index + " >= "+ elementCount);
439  
440 <        if (o == null) {
441 <            for (int i = index; i >= 0; i--)
442 <                if (elementData[i]==null)
443 <                    return i;
444 <        } else {
445 <            for (int i = index; i >= 0; i--)
446 <                if (o.equals(elementData[i]))
447 <                    return i;
448 <        }
449 <        return -1;
440 >        if (o == null) {
441 >            for (int i = index; i >= 0; i--)
442 >                if (elementData[i]==null)
443 >                    return i;
444 >        } else {
445 >            for (int i = index; i >= 0; i--)
446 >                if (o.equals(elementData[i]))
447 >                    return i;
448 >        }
449 >        return -1;
450      }
451  
452      /**
# Line 420 | Line 458 | public class Vector<E>
458       * @param      index   an index into this vector
459       * @return     the component at the specified index
460       * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is out of range
461 <     *         ({@code index < 0 || index >= size()})
461 >     *         ({@code index < 0 || index >= size()})
462       */
463      public synchronized E elementAt(int index) {
464 <        if (index >= elementCount) {
465 <            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index + " >= " + elementCount);
466 <        }
464 >        if (index >= elementCount) {
465 >            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index + " >= " + elementCount);
466 >        }
467  
468 <        return (E)elementData[index];
468 >        return elementData(index);
469      }
470  
471      /**
# Line 438 | Line 476 | public class Vector<E>
476       * @throws NoSuchElementException if this vector has no components
477       */
478      public synchronized E firstElement() {
479 <        if (elementCount == 0) {
480 <            throw new NoSuchElementException();
481 <        }
482 <        return (E)elementData[0];
479 >        if (elementCount == 0) {
480 >            throw new NoSuchElementException();
481 >        }
482 >        return elementData(0);
483      }
484  
485      /**
486       * Returns the last component of the vector.
487       *
488       * @return  the last component of the vector, i.e., the component at index
489 <     *          <code>size()&nbsp;-&nbsp;1</code>.
489 >     *          {@code size() - 1}
490       * @throws NoSuchElementException if this vector is empty
491       */
492      public synchronized E lastElement() {
493 <        if (elementCount == 0) {
494 <            throw new NoSuchElementException();
495 <        }
496 <        return (E)elementData[elementCount - 1];
493 >        if (elementCount == 0) {
494 >            throw new NoSuchElementException();
495 >        }
496 >        return elementData(elementCount - 1);
497      }
498  
499      /**
# Line 476 | Line 514 | public class Vector<E>
514       * @param      obj     what the component is to be set to
515       * @param      index   the specified index
516       * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is out of range
517 <     *         ({@code index < 0 || index >= size()})
517 >     *         ({@code index < 0 || index >= size()})
518       */
519      public synchronized void setElementAt(E obj, int index) {
520 <        if (index >= elementCount) {
521 <            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index + " >= " +
522 <                                                     elementCount);
523 <        }
524 <        elementData[index] = obj;
520 >        if (index >= elementCount) {
521 >            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index + " >= " +
522 >                                                     elementCount);
523 >        }
524 >        elementData[index] = obj;
525      }
526  
527      /**
# Line 503 | Line 541 | public class Vector<E>
541       *
542       * @param      index   the index of the object to remove
543       * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is out of range
544 <     *         ({@code index < 0 || index >= size()})
544 >     *         ({@code index < 0 || index >= size()})
545       */
546      public synchronized void removeElementAt(int index) {
547 <        modCount++;
548 <        if (index >= elementCount) {
549 <            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index + " >= " +
550 <                                                     elementCount);
551 <        }
552 <        else if (index < 0) {
553 <            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
554 <        }
555 <        int j = elementCount - index - 1;
556 <        if (j > 0) {
557 <            System.arraycopy(elementData, index + 1, elementData, index, j);
558 <        }
559 <        elementCount--;
560 <        elementData[elementCount] = null; /* to let gc do its work */
547 >        if (index >= elementCount) {
548 >            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index + " >= " +
549 >                                                     elementCount);
550 >        }
551 >        else if (index < 0) {
552 >            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
553 >        }
554 >        int j = elementCount - index - 1;
555 >        if (j > 0) {
556 >            System.arraycopy(elementData, index + 1, elementData, index, j);
557 >        }
558 >        modCount++;
559 >        elementCount--;
560 >        elementData[elementCount] = null; /* to let gc do its work */
561 >        // checkInvariants();
562      }
563  
564      /**
# Line 543 | Line 582 | public class Vector<E>
582       * @param      obj     the component to insert
583       * @param      index   where to insert the new component
584       * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is out of range
585 <     *         ({@code index < 0 || index > size()})
585 >     *         ({@code index < 0 || index > size()})
586       */
587      public synchronized void insertElementAt(E obj, int index) {
588 <        modCount++;
589 <        if (index > elementCount) {
590 <            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index
591 <                                                     + " > " + elementCount);
592 <        }
593 <        ensureCapacityHelper(elementCount + 1);
594 <        System.arraycopy(elementData, index, elementData, index + 1, elementCount - index);
595 <        elementData[index] = obj;
596 <        elementCount++;
588 >        if (index > elementCount) {
589 >            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index
590 >                                                     + " > " + elementCount);
591 >        }
592 >        modCount++;
593 >        final int s = elementCount;
594 >        Object[] elementData = this.elementData;
595 >        if (s == elementData.length)
596 >            elementData = grow();
597 >        System.arraycopy(elementData, index,
598 >                         elementData, index + 1,
599 >                         s - index);
600 >        elementData[index] = obj;
601 >        elementCount = s + 1;
602      }
603  
604      /**
# Line 569 | Line 613 | public class Vector<E>
613       * @param   obj   the component to be added
614       */
615      public synchronized void addElement(E obj) {
616 <        modCount++;
617 <        ensureCapacityHelper(elementCount + 1);
574 <        elementData[elementCount++] = obj;
616 >        modCount++;
617 >        add(obj, elementData, elementCount);
618      }
619  
620      /**
# Line 590 | Line 633 | public class Vector<E>
633       *          vector; {@code false} otherwise.
634       */
635      public synchronized boolean removeElement(Object obj) {
636 <        modCount++;
637 <        int i = indexOf(obj);
638 <        if (i >= 0) {
639 <            removeElementAt(i);
640 <            return true;
641 <        }
642 <        return false;
636 >        modCount++;
637 >        int i = indexOf(obj);
638 >        if (i >= 0) {
639 >            removeElementAt(i);
640 >            return true;
641 >        }
642 >        return false;
643      }
644  
645      /**
# Line 606 | Line 649 | public class Vector<E>
649       * method (which is part of the {@link List} interface).
650       */
651      public synchronized void removeAllElements() {
652 +        final Object[] es = elementData;
653 +        for (int to = elementCount, i = elementCount = 0; i < to; i++)
654 +            es[i] = null;
655          modCount++;
610        // Let gc do its work
611        for (int i = 0; i < elementCount; i++)
612            elementData[i] = null;
613
614        elementCount = 0;
656      }
657  
658      /**
# Line 622 | Line 663 | public class Vector<E>
663       * @return  a clone of this vector
664       */
665      public synchronized Object clone() {
666 <        try {
667 <            Vector<E> v = (Vector<E>) super.clone();
668 <            v.elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, elementCount);
669 <            v.modCount = 0;
670 <            return v;
671 <        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
672 <            // this shouldn't happen, since we are Cloneable
673 <            throw new InternalError();
674 <        }
666 >        try {
667 >            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
668 >            Vector<E> v = (Vector<E>) super.clone();
669 >            v.elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, elementCount);
670 >            v.modCount = 0;
671 >            return v;
672 >        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
673 >            // this shouldn't happen, since we are Cloneable
674 >            throw new InternalError(e);
675 >        }
676      }
677  
678      /**
# Line 657 | Line 699 | public class Vector<E>
699       * of the Vector <em>only</em> if the caller knows that the Vector
700       * does not contain any null elements.)
701       *
702 +     * @param <T> type of array elements. The same type as {@code <E>} or a
703 +     * supertype of {@code <E>}.
704       * @param a the array into which the elements of the Vector are to
705 <     *          be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the
706 <     *          same runtime type is allocated for this purpose.
705 >     *          be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the
706 >     *          same runtime type is allocated for this purpose.
707       * @return an array containing the elements of the Vector
708 <     * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of a is not a supertype
709 <     * of the runtime type of every element in this Vector
708 >     * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of a, {@code <T>}, is not
709 >     * a supertype of the runtime type, {@code <E>}, of every element in this
710 >     * Vector
711       * @throws NullPointerException if the given array is null
712       * @since 1.2
713       */
714 +    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
715      public synchronized <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
716          if (a.length < elementCount)
717              return (T[]) Arrays.copyOf(elementData, elementCount, a.getClass());
718  
719 <        System.arraycopy(elementData, 0, a, 0, elementCount);
719 >        System.arraycopy(elementData, 0, a, 0, elementCount);
720  
721          if (a.length > elementCount)
722              a[elementCount] = null;
# Line 680 | Line 726 | public class Vector<E>
726  
727      // Positional Access Operations
728  
729 +    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
730 +    E elementData(int index) {
731 +        return (E) elementData[index];
732 +    }
733 +
734 +    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
735 +    static <E> E elementAt(Object[] es, int index) {
736 +        return (E) es[index];
737 +    }
738 +
739      /**
740       * Returns the element at the specified position in this Vector.
741       *
# Line 690 | Line 746 | public class Vector<E>
746       * @since 1.2
747       */
748      public synchronized E get(int index) {
749 <        if (index >= elementCount)
750 <            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
749 >        if (index >= elementCount)
750 >            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
751  
752 <        return (E)elementData[index];
752 >        return elementData(index);
753      }
754  
755      /**
# Line 704 | Line 760 | public class Vector<E>
760       * @param element element to be stored at the specified position
761       * @return the element previously at the specified position
762       * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is out of range
763 <     *         ({@code index < 0 || index >= size()})
763 >     *         ({@code index < 0 || index >= size()})
764       * @since 1.2
765       */
766      public synchronized E set(int index, E element) {
767 <        if (index >= elementCount)
768 <            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
767 >        if (index >= elementCount)
768 >            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
769  
770 <        Object oldValue = elementData[index];
771 <        elementData[index] = element;
772 <        return (E)oldValue;
770 >        E oldValue = elementData(index);
771 >        elementData[index] = element;
772 >        return oldValue;
773 >    }
774 >
775 >    /**
776 >     * This helper method split out from add(E) to keep method
777 >     * bytecode size under 35 (the -XX:MaxInlineSize default value),
778 >     * which helps when add(E) is called in a C1-compiled loop.
779 >     */
780 >    private void add(E e, Object[] elementData, int s) {
781 >        if (s == elementData.length)
782 >            elementData = grow();
783 >        elementData[s] = e;
784 >        elementCount = s + 1;
785 >        // checkInvariants();
786      }
787  
788      /**
# Line 724 | Line 793 | public class Vector<E>
793       * @since 1.2
794       */
795      public synchronized boolean add(E e) {
796 <        modCount++;
797 <        ensureCapacityHelper(elementCount + 1);
729 <        elementData[elementCount++] = e;
796 >        modCount++;
797 >        add(e, elementData, elementCount);
798          return true;
799      }
800  
# Line 734 | Line 802 | public class Vector<E>
802       * Removes the first occurrence of the specified element in this Vector
803       * If the Vector does not contain the element, it is unchanged.  More
804       * formally, removes the element with the lowest index i such that
805 <     * {@code (o==null ? get(i)==null : o.equals(get(i)))} (if such
805 >     * {@code Objects.equals(o, get(i))} (if such
806       * an element exists).
807       *
808       * @param o element to be removed from this Vector, if present
# Line 765 | Line 833 | public class Vector<E>
833       * Shifts any subsequent elements to the left (subtracts one from their
834       * indices).  Returns the element that was removed from the Vector.
835       *
768     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is out of range
769     *         ({@code index < 0 || index >= size()})
836       * @param index the index of the element to be removed
837       * @return element that was removed
838 +     * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is out of range
839 +     *         ({@code index < 0 || index >= size()})
840       * @since 1.2
841       */
842      public synchronized E remove(int index) {
843 <        modCount++;
844 <        if (index >= elementCount)
845 <            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
846 <        Object oldValue = elementData[index];
847 <
848 <        int numMoved = elementCount - index - 1;
849 <        if (numMoved > 0)
850 <            System.arraycopy(elementData, index+1, elementData, index,
851 <                             numMoved);
852 <        elementData[--elementCount] = null; // Let gc do its work
843 >        modCount++;
844 >        if (index >= elementCount)
845 >            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
846 >        E oldValue = elementData(index);
847 >
848 >        int numMoved = elementCount - index - 1;
849 >        if (numMoved > 0)
850 >            System.arraycopy(elementData, index+1, elementData, index,
851 >                             numMoved);
852 >        elementData[--elementCount] = null; // Let gc do its work
853  
854 <        return (E)oldValue;
854 >        // checkInvariants();
855 >        return oldValue;
856      }
857  
858      /**
# Line 805 | Line 874 | public class Vector<E>
874       * @param   c a collection whose elements will be tested for containment
875       *          in this Vector
876       * @return true if this Vector contains all of the elements in the
877 <     *         specified collection
877 >     *         specified collection
878       * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null
879       */
880      public synchronized boolean containsAll(Collection<?> c) {
# Line 825 | Line 894 | public class Vector<E>
894       * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null
895       * @since 1.2
896       */
897 <    public synchronized boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) {
829 <        modCount++;
897 >    public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) {
898          Object[] a = c.toArray();
899 +        modCount++;
900          int numNew = a.length;
901 <        ensureCapacityHelper(elementCount + numNew);
902 <        System.arraycopy(a, 0, elementData, elementCount, numNew);
903 <        elementCount += numNew;
904 <        return numNew != 0;
901 >        if (numNew == 0)
902 >            return false;
903 >        synchronized (this) {
904 >            Object[] elementData = this.elementData;
905 >            final int s = elementCount;
906 >            if (numNew > elementData.length - s)
907 >                elementData = grow(s + numNew);
908 >            System.arraycopy(a, 0, elementData, s, numNew);
909 >            elementCount = s + numNew;
910 >            // checkInvariants();
911 >            return true;
912 >        }
913      }
914  
915      /**
# Line 843 | Line 920 | public class Vector<E>
920       * @return true if this Vector changed as a result of the call
921       * @throws ClassCastException if the types of one or more elements
922       *         in this vector are incompatible with the specified
923 <     *         collection (optional)
923 >     *         collection
924 >     * (<a href="Collection.html#optional-restrictions">optional</a>)
925       * @throws NullPointerException if this vector contains one or more null
926       *         elements and the specified collection does not support null
927 <     *         elements (optional), or if the specified collection is null
927 >     *         elements
928 >     * (<a href="Collection.html#optional-restrictions">optional</a>),
929 >     *         or if the specified collection is null
930       * @since 1.2
931       */
932 <    public synchronized boolean removeAll(Collection<?> c) {
933 <        return super.removeAll(c);
932 >    public boolean removeAll(Collection<?> c) {
933 >        Objects.requireNonNull(c);
934 >        return bulkRemove(e -> c.contains(e));
935      }
936  
937      /**
# Line 863 | Line 944 | public class Vector<E>
944       * @return true if this Vector changed as a result of the call
945       * @throws ClassCastException if the types of one or more elements
946       *         in this vector are incompatible with the specified
947 <     *         collection (optional)
947 >     *         collection
948 >     * (<a href="Collection.html#optional-restrictions">optional</a>)
949       * @throws NullPointerException if this vector contains one or more null
950       *         elements and the specified collection does not support null
951 <     *         elements (optional), or if the specified collection is null
951 >     *         elements
952 >     *         (<a href="Collection.html#optional-restrictions">optional</a>),
953 >     *         or if the specified collection is null
954       * @since 1.2
955       */
956 <    public synchronized boolean retainAll(Collection<?> c)  {
957 <        return super.retainAll(c);
956 >    public boolean retainAll(Collection<?> c) {
957 >        Objects.requireNonNull(c);
958 >        return bulkRemove(e -> !c.contains(e));
959 >    }
960 >
961 >    /**
962 >     * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
963 >     */
964 >    @Override
965 >    public boolean removeIf(Predicate<? super E> filter) {
966 >        Objects.requireNonNull(filter);
967 >        return bulkRemove(filter);
968 >    }
969 >
970 >    // A tiny bit set implementation
971 >
972 >    private static long[] nBits(int n) {
973 >        return new long[((n - 1) >> 6) + 1];
974 >    }
975 >    private static void setBit(long[] bits, int i) {
976 >        bits[i >> 6] |= 1L << i;
977 >    }
978 >    private static boolean isClear(long[] bits, int i) {
979 >        return (bits[i >> 6] & (1L << i)) == 0;
980 >    }
981 >
982 >    private synchronized boolean bulkRemove(Predicate<? super E> filter) {
983 >        int expectedModCount = modCount;
984 >        final Object[] es = elementData;
985 >        final int end = elementCount;
986 >        int i;
987 >        // Optimize for initial run of survivors
988 >        for (i = 0; i < end && !filter.test(elementAt(es, i)); i++)
989 >            ;
990 >        // Tolerate predicates that reentrantly access the collection for
991 >        // read (but writers still get CME), so traverse once to find
992 >        // elements to delete, a second pass to physically expunge.
993 >        if (i < end) {
994 >            final int beg = i;
995 >            final long[] deathRow = nBits(end - beg);
996 >            deathRow[0] = 1L;   // set bit 0
997 >            for (i = beg + 1; i < end; i++)
998 >                if (filter.test(elementAt(es, i)))
999 >                    setBit(deathRow, i - beg);
1000 >            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
1001 >                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1002 >            modCount++;
1003 >            int w = beg;
1004 >            for (i = beg; i < end; i++)
1005 >                if (isClear(deathRow, i - beg))
1006 >                    es[w++] = es[i];
1007 >            for (i = elementCount = w; i < end; i++)
1008 >                es[i] = null;
1009 >            // checkInvariants();
1010 >            return true;
1011 >        } else {
1012 >            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
1013 >                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1014 >            // checkInvariants();
1015 >            return false;
1016 >        }
1017      }
1018  
1019      /**
# Line 891 | Line 1034 | public class Vector<E>
1034       * @since 1.2
1035       */
1036      public synchronized boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) {
1037 <        modCount++;
1038 <        if (index < 0 || index > elementCount)
896 <            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
1037 >        if (index < 0 || index > elementCount)
1038 >            throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);
1039  
1040          Object[] a = c.toArray();
1041 <        int numNew = a.length;
1042 <        ensureCapacityHelper(elementCount + numNew);
1043 <
1044 <        int numMoved = elementCount - index;
1045 <        if (numMoved > 0)
1046 <            System.arraycopy(elementData, index, elementData, index + numNew,
1047 <                             numMoved);
1048 <
1041 >        modCount++;
1042 >        int numNew = a.length;
1043 >        if (numNew == 0)
1044 >            return false;
1045 >        Object[] elementData = this.elementData;
1046 >        final int s = elementCount;
1047 >        if (numNew > elementData.length - s)
1048 >            elementData = grow(s + numNew);
1049 >
1050 >        int numMoved = s - index;
1051 >        if (numMoved > 0)
1052 >            System.arraycopy(elementData, index,
1053 >                             elementData, index + numNew,
1054 >                             numMoved);
1055          System.arraycopy(a, 0, elementData, index, numNew);
1056 <        elementCount += numNew;
1057 <        return numNew != 0;
1056 >        elementCount = s + numNew;
1057 >        // checkInvariants();
1058 >        return true;
1059      }
1060  
1061      /**
# Line 914 | Line 1063 | public class Vector<E>
1063       * true if and only if the specified Object is also a List, both Lists
1064       * have the same size, and all corresponding pairs of elements in the two
1065       * Lists are <em>equal</em>.  (Two elements {@code e1} and
1066 <     * {@code e2} are <em>equal</em> if {@code (e1==null ? e2==null :
1067 <     * e1.equals(e2))}.)  In other words, two Lists are defined to be
1066 >     * {@code e2} are <em>equal</em> if {@code Objects.equals(e1, e2)}.)
1067 >     * In other words, two Lists are defined to be
1068       * equal if they contain the same elements in the same order.
1069       *
1070       * @param o the Object to be compared for equality with this Vector
# Line 941 | Line 1090 | public class Vector<E>
1090      }
1091  
1092      /**
944     * Removes from this List all of the elements whose index is between
945     * fromIndex, inclusive and toIndex, exclusive.  Shifts any succeeding
946     * elements to the left (reduces their index).
947     * This call shortens the Vector by (toIndex - fromIndex) elements.  (If
948     * toIndex==fromIndex, this operation has no effect.)
949     *
950     * @param fromIndex index of first element to be removed
951     * @param toIndex index after last element to be removed
952     */
953    protected synchronized void removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
954        modCount++;
955        int numMoved = elementCount - toIndex;
956        System.arraycopy(elementData, toIndex, elementData, fromIndex,
957                         numMoved);
958
959        // Let gc do its work
960        int newElementCount = elementCount - (toIndex-fromIndex);
961        while (elementCount != newElementCount)
962            elementData[--elementCount] = null;
963    }
964
965    /**
966     * Save the state of the {@code Vector} instance to a stream (that
967     * is, serialize it).  This method is present merely for synchronization.
968     * It just calls the default writeObject method.
969     */
970    private synchronized void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
971        throws java.io.IOException
972    {
973        s.defaultWriteObject();
974    }
975
976    /**
977     * Returns a list-iterator of the elements in this list (in proper
978     * sequence), starting at the specified position in the list.
979     * Obeys the general contract of {@link List#listIterator(int)}.
980     *
981     * <p>The list-iterator is <i>fail-fast</i>: if the list is structurally
982     * modified at any time after the Iterator is created, in any way except
983     * through the list-iterator's own {@code remove} or {@code add}
984     * methods, the list-iterator will throw a
985     * {@code ConcurrentModificationException}.  Thus, in the face of
986     * concurrent modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather
987     * than risking arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined
988     * time in the future.
989     *
990     * @param index index of the first element to be returned from the
991     *        list-iterator (by a call to {@link ListIterator#next})
992     * @return a list-iterator of the elements in this list (in proper
993     *         sequence), starting at the specified position in the list
994     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
995     */
996    public synchronized ListIterator<E> listIterator(int index) {
997        if (index < 0 || index > elementCount)
998            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: "+index);
999        return new VectorIterator(index, elementCount);
1000    }
1001
1002    /**
1003     * {@inheritDoc}
1004     */
1005    public synchronized ListIterator<E> listIterator() {
1006        return new VectorIterator(0, elementCount);
1007    }
1008
1009    /**
1010     * Returns an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence.
1011     *
1012     * @return an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence
1013     */
1014    public synchronized Iterator<E> iterator() {
1015        return new VectorIterator(0, elementCount);
1016    }
1017
1018    /**
1019     * Helper method to access array elements under synchronization by
1020     * iterators. The caller performs index check with respect to
1021     * expected bounds, so errors accessing the element are reported
1022     * as ConcurrentModificationExceptions.
1023     */
1024    final synchronized Object iteratorGet(int index, int expectedModCount) {
1025        if (modCount == expectedModCount) {
1026            try {
1027                return elementData[index];
1028            } catch(IndexOutOfBoundsException fallThrough) {
1029            }
1030        }
1031        throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1032    }
1033
1034    /**
1035     * Streamlined specialization of AbstractList version of iterator.
1036     * Locally performs bounds checks, but relies on outer Vector
1037     * to access elements under synchronization.
1038     */
1039    private final class VectorIterator implements ListIterator<E> {
1040        int cursor;              // Index of next element to return;
1041        int fence;               // Upper bound on cursor (cache of size())
1042        int lastRet;             // Index of last element, or -1 if no such
1043        int expectedModCount;    // To check for CME
1044
1045        VectorIterator(int index, int fence) {
1046            this.cursor = index;
1047            this.fence = fence;
1048            this.lastRet = -1;
1049            this.expectedModCount = Vector.this.modCount;
1050        }
1051
1052        public boolean hasNext() {
1053            return cursor < fence;
1054        }
1055
1056        public boolean hasPrevious() {
1057            return cursor > 0;
1058        }
1059
1060        public int nextIndex() {
1061            return cursor;
1062        }
1063
1064        public int previousIndex() {
1065            return cursor - 1;
1066        }
1067
1068        public E next() {
1069            int i = cursor;
1070            if (i >= fence)
1071                throw new NoSuchElementException();
1072            Object next = Vector.this.iteratorGet(i, expectedModCount);
1073            lastRet = i;
1074            cursor = i + 1;
1075            return (E)next;
1076        }
1077
1078        public E previous() {
1079            int i = cursor - 1;
1080            if (i < 0)
1081                throw new NoSuchElementException();
1082            Object prev = Vector.this.iteratorGet(i, expectedModCount);
1083            lastRet = i;
1084            cursor = i;
1085            return (E)prev;
1086        }
1087
1088        public void set(E e) {
1089            if (lastRet < 0)
1090                throw new IllegalStateException();
1091            if (Vector.this.modCount != expectedModCount)
1092                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1093            try {
1094                Vector.this.set(lastRet, e);
1095                expectedModCount = Vector.this.modCount;
1096            } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
1097                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1098            }
1099        }
1100
1101        public void remove() {
1102            int i = lastRet;
1103            if (i < 0)
1104                throw new IllegalStateException();
1105            if (Vector.this.modCount != expectedModCount)
1106                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1107            try {
1108                Vector.this.remove(i);
1109                if (i < cursor)
1110                    cursor--;
1111                lastRet = -1;
1112                fence = Vector.this.size();
1113                expectedModCount = Vector.this.modCount;
1114            } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
1115                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1116            }
1117        }
1118
1119        public void add(E e) {
1120            if (Vector.this.modCount != expectedModCount)
1121                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1122            try {
1123                int i = cursor;
1124                Vector.this.add(i, e);
1125                cursor = i + 1;
1126                lastRet = -1;
1127                fence = Vector.this.size();
1128                expectedModCount = Vector.this.modCount;
1129            } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
1130                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1131            }
1132        }
1133    }
1134
1135    /**
1093       * Returns a view of the portion of this List between fromIndex,
1094       * inclusive, and toIndex, exclusive.  (If fromIndex and toIndex are
1095       * equal, the returned List is empty.)  The returned List is backed by this
# Line 1141 | Line 1098 | public class Vector<E>
1098       * operations supported by this List.
1099       *
1100       * <p>This method eliminates the need for explicit range operations (of
1101 <     * the sort that commonly exist for arrays).   Any operation that expects
1101 >     * the sort that commonly exist for arrays).  Any operation that expects
1102       * a List can be used as a range operation by operating on a subList view
1103       * instead of a whole List.  For example, the following idiom
1104       * removes a range of elements from a List:
1105       * <pre>
1106 <     *      list.subList(from, to).clear();
1106 >     *      list.subList(from, to).clear();
1107       * </pre>
1108       * Similar idioms may be constructed for indexOf and lastIndexOf,
1109       * and all of the algorithms in the Collections class can be applied to
# Line 1164 | Line 1121 | public class Vector<E>
1121       * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if an endpoint index value is out of range
1122       *         {@code (fromIndex < 0 || toIndex > size)}
1123       * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the endpoint indices are out of order
1124 <     *         {@code (fromIndex > toIndex)}
1124 >     *         {@code (fromIndex > toIndex)}
1125       */
1126      public synchronized List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
1127 <        return new VectorSubList(this, this, fromIndex, fromIndex, toIndex);
1127 >        return Collections.synchronizedList(super.subList(fromIndex, toIndex),
1128 >                                            this);
1129      }
1130  
1131      /**
1132 <     * This class specializes the AbstractList version of SubList to
1133 <     * avoid the double-indirection penalty that would arise using a
1134 <     * synchronized wrapper, as well as to avoid some unnecessary
1135 <     * checks in sublist iterators.
1136 <     */
1137 <    private static final class VectorSubList<E> extends AbstractList<E> implements RandomAccess {
1138 <        final Vector<E> base;             // base list
1139 <        final AbstractList<E> parent;     // Creating list
1140 <        final int baseOffset;             // index wrt Vector
1141 <        final int parentOffset;           // index wrt parent
1142 <        int length;                       // length of sublist
1185 <
1186 <        VectorSubList(Vector<E> base, AbstractList<E> parent, int baseOffset,
1187 <                     int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
1188 <            if (fromIndex < 0)
1189 <                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("fromIndex = " + fromIndex);
1190 <            if (toIndex > parent.size())
1191 <                throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("toIndex = " + toIndex);
1192 <            if (fromIndex > toIndex)
1193 <                throw new IllegalArgumentException("fromIndex(" + fromIndex +
1194 <                                                   ") > toIndex(" + toIndex + ")");
1195 <
1196 <            this.base = base;
1197 <            this.parent = parent;
1198 <            this.baseOffset = baseOffset;
1199 <            this.parentOffset = fromIndex;
1200 <            this.length = toIndex - fromIndex;
1201 <            modCount = base.modCount;
1202 <        }
1203 <
1204 <        /**
1205 <         * Returns an IndexOutOfBoundsException with nicer message
1206 <         */
1207 <        private IndexOutOfBoundsException indexError(int index) {
1208 <            return new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: " + index +
1209 <                                                 ", Size: " + length);
1210 <        }
1211 <
1212 <        public E set(int index, E element) {
1213 <            synchronized(base) {
1214 <                if (index < 0 || index >= length)
1215 <                    throw indexError(index);
1216 <                if (base.modCount != modCount)
1217 <                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1218 <                return base.set(index + baseOffset, element);
1219 <            }
1220 <        }
1132 >     * Removes from this list all of the elements whose index is between
1133 >     * {@code fromIndex}, inclusive, and {@code toIndex}, exclusive.
1134 >     * Shifts any succeeding elements to the left (reduces their index).
1135 >     * This call shortens the list by {@code (toIndex - fromIndex)} elements.
1136 >     * (If {@code toIndex==fromIndex}, this operation has no effect.)
1137 >     */
1138 >    protected synchronized void removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
1139 >        modCount++;
1140 >        shiftTailOverGap(elementData, fromIndex, toIndex);
1141 >        // checkInvariants();
1142 >    }
1143  
1144 <        public E get(int index) {
1145 <            synchronized(base) {
1146 <                if (index < 0 || index >= length)
1147 <                    throw indexError(index);
1148 <                if (base.modCount != modCount)
1149 <                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1228 <                return base.get(index + baseOffset);
1229 <            }
1230 <        }
1144 >    /** Erases the gap from lo to hi, by sliding down following elements. */
1145 >    private void shiftTailOverGap(Object[] es, int lo, int hi) {
1146 >        System.arraycopy(es, hi, es, lo, elementCount - hi);
1147 >        for (int to = elementCount, i = (elementCount -= hi - lo); i < to; i++)
1148 >            es[i] = null;
1149 >    }
1150  
1151 <        public int size() {
1152 <            synchronized(base) {
1153 <                if (base.modCount != modCount)
1154 <                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1155 <                return length;
1156 <            }
1151 >    /**
1152 >     * Loads a {@code Vector} instance from a stream
1153 >     * (that is, deserializes it).
1154 >     * This method performs checks to ensure the consistency
1155 >     * of the fields.
1156 >     *
1157 >     * @param in the stream
1158 >     * @throws java.io.IOException if an I/O error occurs
1159 >     * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the stream contains data
1160 >     *         of a non-existing class
1161 >     */
1162 >    // OPENJDK @java.io.Serial
1163 >    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream in)
1164 >            throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
1165 >        ObjectInputStream.GetField gfields = in.readFields();
1166 >        int count = gfields.get("elementCount", 0);
1167 >        Object[] data = (Object[])gfields.get("elementData", null);
1168 >        if (count < 0 || data == null || count > data.length) {
1169 >            throw new StreamCorruptedException("Inconsistent vector internals");
1170          }
1171 +        elementCount = count;
1172 +        elementData = data.clone();
1173 +    }
1174  
1175 <        public void add(int index, E element) {
1176 <            synchronized(base) {
1177 <                if (index < 0 || index > length)
1178 <                    throw indexError(index);
1179 <                if (base.modCount != modCount)
1180 <                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1181 <                parent.add(index + parentOffset, element);
1182 <                length++;
1183 <                modCount = base.modCount;
1184 <            }
1175 >    /**
1176 >     * Saves the state of the {@code Vector} instance to a stream
1177 >     * (that is, serializes it).
1178 >     * This method performs synchronization to ensure the consistency
1179 >     * of the serialized data.
1180 >     *
1181 >     * @param s the stream
1182 >     * @throws java.io.IOException if an I/O error occurs
1183 >     */
1184 >    // OPENJDK @java.io.Serial
1185 >    private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
1186 >            throws java.io.IOException {
1187 >        final java.io.ObjectOutputStream.PutField fields = s.putFields();
1188 >        final Object[] data;
1189 >        synchronized (this) {
1190 >            fields.put("capacityIncrement", capacityIncrement);
1191 >            fields.put("elementCount", elementCount);
1192 >            data = elementData.clone();
1193          }
1194 +        fields.put("elementData", data);
1195 +        s.writeFields();
1196 +    }
1197  
1198 <        public E remove(int index) {
1199 <            synchronized(base) {
1200 <                if (index < 0 || index >= length)
1201 <                    throw indexError(index);
1202 <                if (base.modCount != modCount)
1203 <                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1204 <                E result = parent.remove(index + parentOffset);
1205 <                length--;
1206 <                modCount = base.modCount;
1207 <                return result;
1208 <            }
1198 >    /**
1199 >     * Returns a list iterator over the elements in this list (in proper
1200 >     * sequence), starting at the specified position in the list.
1201 >     * The specified index indicates the first element that would be
1202 >     * returned by an initial call to {@link ListIterator#next next}.
1203 >     * An initial call to {@link ListIterator#previous previous} would
1204 >     * return the element with the specified index minus one.
1205 >     *
1206 >     * <p>The returned list iterator is <a href="#fail-fast"><i>fail-fast</i></a>.
1207 >     *
1208 >     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException {@inheritDoc}
1209 >     */
1210 >    public synchronized ListIterator<E> listIterator(int index) {
1211 >        if (index < 0 || index > elementCount)
1212 >            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index: "+index);
1213 >        return new ListItr(index);
1214 >    }
1215 >
1216 >    /**
1217 >     * Returns a list iterator over the elements in this list (in proper
1218 >     * sequence).
1219 >     *
1220 >     * <p>The returned list iterator is <a href="#fail-fast"><i>fail-fast</i></a>.
1221 >     *
1222 >     * @see #listIterator(int)
1223 >     */
1224 >    public synchronized ListIterator<E> listIterator() {
1225 >        return new ListItr(0);
1226 >    }
1227 >
1228 >    /**
1229 >     * Returns an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence.
1230 >     *
1231 >     * <p>The returned iterator is <a href="#fail-fast"><i>fail-fast</i></a>.
1232 >     *
1233 >     * @return an iterator over the elements in this list in proper sequence
1234 >     */
1235 >    public synchronized Iterator<E> iterator() {
1236 >        return new Itr();
1237 >    }
1238 >
1239 >    /**
1240 >     * An optimized version of AbstractList.Itr
1241 >     */
1242 >    private class Itr implements Iterator<E> {
1243 >        int cursor;       // index of next element to return
1244 >        int lastRet = -1; // index of last element returned; -1 if no such
1245 >        int expectedModCount = modCount;
1246 >
1247 >        public boolean hasNext() {
1248 >            // Racy but within spec, since modifications are checked
1249 >            // within or after synchronization in next/previous
1250 >            return cursor != elementCount;
1251          }
1252  
1253 <        protected void removeRange(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
1254 <            synchronized(base) {
1255 <                if (base.modCount != modCount)
1256 <                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1257 <                parent.removeRange(fromIndex + parentOffset,
1258 <                                   toIndex + parentOffset);
1259 <                length -= (toIndex-fromIndex);
1260 <                modCount = base.modCount;
1253 >        public E next() {
1254 >            synchronized (Vector.this) {
1255 >                checkForComodification();
1256 >                int i = cursor;
1257 >                if (i >= elementCount)
1258 >                    throw new NoSuchElementException();
1259 >                cursor = i + 1;
1260 >                return elementData(lastRet = i);
1261              }
1262          }
1263  
1264 <        public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) {
1265 <            return addAll(length, c);
1264 >        public void remove() {
1265 >            if (lastRet == -1)
1266 >                throw new IllegalStateException();
1267 >            synchronized (Vector.this) {
1268 >                checkForComodification();
1269 >                Vector.this.remove(lastRet);
1270 >                expectedModCount = modCount;
1271 >            }
1272 >            cursor = lastRet;
1273 >            lastRet = -1;
1274          }
1275  
1276 <        public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) {
1277 <            synchronized(base) {
1278 <                if (index < 0 || index > length)
1279 <                    throw indexError(index);
1280 <                int cSize = c.size();
1281 <                if (cSize==0)
1282 <                    return false;
1283 <
1284 <                if (base.modCount != modCount)
1276 >        @Override
1277 >        public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> action) {
1278 >            Objects.requireNonNull(action);
1279 >            synchronized (Vector.this) {
1280 >                final int size = elementCount;
1281 >                int i = cursor;
1282 >                if (i >= size) {
1283 >                    return;
1284 >                }
1285 >                final Object[] es = elementData;
1286 >                if (i >= es.length)
1287                      throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1288 <                parent.addAll(parentOffset + index, c);
1289 <                modCount = base.modCount;
1290 <                length += cSize;
1291 <                return true;
1288 >                while (i < size && modCount == expectedModCount)
1289 >                    action.accept(elementAt(es, i++));
1290 >                // update once at end of iteration to reduce heap write traffic
1291 >                cursor = i;
1292 >                lastRet = i - 1;
1293 >                checkForComodification();
1294              }
1295          }
1296  
1297 <        public boolean equals(Object o) {
1298 <            synchronized(base) {return super.equals(o);}
1297 >        final void checkForComodification() {
1298 >            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
1299 >                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1300          }
1301 +    }
1302  
1303 <        public int hashCode() {
1304 <            synchronized(base) {return super.hashCode();}
1303 >    /**
1304 >     * An optimized version of AbstractList.ListItr
1305 >     */
1306 >    final class ListItr extends Itr implements ListIterator<E> {
1307 >        ListItr(int index) {
1308 >            super();
1309 >            cursor = index;
1310          }
1311  
1312 <        public int indexOf(Object o) {
1313 <            synchronized(base) {return super.indexOf(o);}
1312 >        public boolean hasPrevious() {
1313 >            return cursor != 0;
1314          }
1315  
1316 <        public int lastIndexOf(Object o) {
1317 <            synchronized(base) {return super.lastIndexOf(o);}
1316 >        public int nextIndex() {
1317 >            return cursor;
1318          }
1319  
1320 <        public List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
1321 <            return new VectorSubList(base, this, fromIndex + baseOffset,
1315 <                                     fromIndex, toIndex);
1320 >        public int previousIndex() {
1321 >            return cursor - 1;
1322          }
1323  
1324 <        public Iterator<E> iterator() {
1325 <            synchronized(base) {
1326 <                return new VectorSubListIterator(this, 0);
1324 >        public E previous() {
1325 >            synchronized (Vector.this) {
1326 >                checkForComodification();
1327 >                int i = cursor - 1;
1328 >                if (i < 0)
1329 >                    throw new NoSuchElementException();
1330 >                cursor = i;
1331 >                return elementData(lastRet = i);
1332              }
1333          }
1334  
1335 <        public synchronized ListIterator<E> listIterator() {
1336 <            synchronized(base) {
1337 <                return new VectorSubListIterator(this, 0);
1335 >        public void set(E e) {
1336 >            if (lastRet == -1)
1337 >                throw new IllegalStateException();
1338 >            synchronized (Vector.this) {
1339 >                checkForComodification();
1340 >                Vector.this.set(lastRet, e);
1341              }
1342          }
1343  
1344 <        public ListIterator<E> listIterator(int index) {
1345 <            synchronized(base) {
1346 <                if (index < 0 || index > length)
1347 <                    throw indexError(index);
1348 <                return new VectorSubListIterator(this, index);
1344 >        public void add(E e) {
1345 >            int i = cursor;
1346 >            synchronized (Vector.this) {
1347 >                checkForComodification();
1348 >                Vector.this.add(i, e);
1349 >                expectedModCount = modCount;
1350              }
1351 +            cursor = i + 1;
1352 +            lastRet = -1;
1353          }
1354 +    }
1355  
1356 <        /**
1357 <         * Same idea as VectorIterator, except routing structural
1358 <         * change operations through the sublist.
1359 <         */
1360 <        private static final class VectorSubListIterator<E> implements ListIterator<E> {
1361 <            final Vector<E> base;         // base list
1362 <            final VectorSubList<E> outer; // Sublist creating this iteraor
1363 <            final int offset;             // cursor offset wrt base
1364 <            int cursor;                   // Current index
1365 <            int fence;                    // Upper bound on cursor
1366 <            int lastRet;                  // Index of returned element, or -1
1367 <            int expectedModCount;         // Expected modCount of base Vector
1368 <
1369 <            VectorSubListIterator(VectorSubList<E> list, int index) {
1370 <                this.lastRet = -1;
1353 <                this.cursor = index;
1354 <                this.outer = list;
1355 <                this.offset = list.baseOffset;
1356 <                this.fence = list.length;
1357 <                this.base = list.base;
1358 <                this.expectedModCount = base.modCount;
1359 <            }
1360 <
1361 <            public boolean hasNext() {
1362 <                return cursor < fence;
1363 <            }
1356 >    /**
1357 >     * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
1358 >     */
1359 >    @Override
1360 >    public synchronized void forEach(Consumer<? super E> action) {
1361 >        Objects.requireNonNull(action);
1362 >        final int expectedModCount = modCount;
1363 >        final Object[] es = elementData;
1364 >        final int size = elementCount;
1365 >        for (int i = 0; modCount == expectedModCount && i < size; i++)
1366 >            action.accept(elementAt(es, i));
1367 >        if (modCount != expectedModCount)
1368 >            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1369 >        // checkInvariants();
1370 >    }
1371  
1372 <            public boolean hasPrevious() {
1373 <                return cursor > 0;
1374 <            }
1372 >    /**
1373 >     * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
1374 >     */
1375 >    @Override
1376 >    public synchronized void replaceAll(UnaryOperator<E> operator) {
1377 >        Objects.requireNonNull(operator);
1378 >        final int expectedModCount = modCount;
1379 >        final Object[] es = elementData;
1380 >        final int size = elementCount;
1381 >        for (int i = 0; modCount == expectedModCount && i < size; i++)
1382 >            es[i] = operator.apply(elementAt(es, i));
1383 >        if (modCount != expectedModCount)
1384 >            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1385 >        // TODO(8203662): remove increment of modCount from ...
1386 >        modCount++;
1387 >        // checkInvariants();
1388 >    }
1389  
1390 <            public int nextIndex() {
1391 <                return cursor;
1392 <            }
1390 >    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
1391 >    @Override
1392 >    public synchronized void sort(Comparator<? super E> c) {
1393 >        final int expectedModCount = modCount;
1394 >        Arrays.sort((E[]) elementData, 0, elementCount, c);
1395 >        if (modCount != expectedModCount)
1396 >            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1397 >        modCount++;
1398 >        // checkInvariants();
1399 >    }
1400  
1401 <            public int previousIndex() {
1402 <                return cursor - 1;
1403 <            }
1401 >    /**
1402 >     * Creates a <em><a href="Spliterator.html#binding">late-binding</a></em>
1403 >     * and <em>fail-fast</em> {@link Spliterator} over the elements in this
1404 >     * list.
1405 >     *
1406 >     * <p>The {@code Spliterator} reports {@link Spliterator#SIZED},
1407 >     * {@link Spliterator#SUBSIZED}, and {@link Spliterator#ORDERED}.
1408 >     * Overriding implementations should document the reporting of additional
1409 >     * characteristic values.
1410 >     *
1411 >     * @return a {@code Spliterator} over the elements in this list
1412 >     * @since 1.8
1413 >     */
1414 >    @Override
1415 >    public Spliterator<E> spliterator() {
1416 >        return new VectorSpliterator(null, 0, -1, 0);
1417 >    }
1418  
1419 <            public E next() {
1420 <                int i = cursor;
1421 <                if (cursor >= fence)
1422 <                    throw new NoSuchElementException();
1423 <                Object next = base.iteratorGet(i + offset, expectedModCount);
1424 <                lastRet = i;
1383 <                cursor = i + 1;
1384 <                return (E)next;
1385 <            }
1419 >    /** Similar to ArrayList Spliterator */
1420 >    final class VectorSpliterator implements Spliterator<E> {
1421 >        private Object[] array;
1422 >        private int index; // current index, modified on advance/split
1423 >        private int fence; // -1 until used; then one past last index
1424 >        private int expectedModCount; // initialized when fence set
1425  
1426 <            public E previous() {
1427 <                int i = cursor - 1;
1428 <                if (i < 0)
1429 <                    throw new NoSuchElementException();
1430 <                Object prev = base.iteratorGet(i + offset, expectedModCount);
1431 <                lastRet = i;
1432 <                cursor = i;
1433 <                return (E)prev;
1395 <            }
1426 >        /** Creates new spliterator covering the given range. */
1427 >        VectorSpliterator(Object[] array, int origin, int fence,
1428 >                          int expectedModCount) {
1429 >            this.array = array;
1430 >            this.index = origin;
1431 >            this.fence = fence;
1432 >            this.expectedModCount = expectedModCount;
1433 >        }
1434  
1435 <            public void set(E e) {
1436 <                if (lastRet < 0)
1437 <                    throw new IllegalStateException();
1438 <                if (base.modCount != expectedModCount)
1439 <                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1440 <                try {
1441 <                    outer.set(lastRet, e);
1404 <                    expectedModCount = base.modCount;
1405 <                } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
1406 <                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1435 >        private int getFence() { // initialize on first use
1436 >            int hi;
1437 >            if ((hi = fence) < 0) {
1438 >                synchronized (Vector.this) {
1439 >                    array = elementData;
1440 >                    expectedModCount = modCount;
1441 >                    hi = fence = elementCount;
1442                  }
1443              }
1444 +            return hi;
1445 +        }
1446  
1447 <            public void remove() {
1448 <                int i = lastRet;
1449 <                if (i < 0)
1450 <                    throw new IllegalStateException();
1451 <                if (base.modCount != expectedModCount)
1447 >        public Spliterator<E> trySplit() {
1448 >            int hi = getFence(), lo = index, mid = (lo + hi) >>> 1;
1449 >            return (lo >= mid) ? null :
1450 >                new VectorSpliterator(array, lo, index = mid, expectedModCount);
1451 >        }
1452 >
1453 >        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
1454 >        public boolean tryAdvance(Consumer<? super E> action) {
1455 >            Objects.requireNonNull(action);
1456 >            int i;
1457 >            if (getFence() > (i = index)) {
1458 >                index = i + 1;
1459 >                action.accept((E)array[i]);
1460 >                if (modCount != expectedModCount)
1461                      throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1462 <                try {
1417 <                    outer.remove(i);
1418 <                    if (i < cursor)
1419 <                        cursor--;
1420 <                    lastRet = -1;
1421 <                    fence = outer.length;
1422 <                    expectedModCount = base.modCount;
1423 <                } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
1424 <                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1425 <                }
1462 >                return true;
1463              }
1464 +            return false;
1465 +        }
1466  
1467 <            public void add(E e) {
1468 <                if (base.modCount != expectedModCount)
1469 <                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1470 <                try {
1471 <                    int i = cursor;
1472 <                    outer.add(i, e);
1473 <                    cursor = i + 1;
1474 <                    lastRet = -1;
1475 <                    fence = outer.length;
1476 <                    expectedModCount = base.modCount;
1438 <                } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
1439 <                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1440 <                }
1441 <            }
1467 >        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
1468 >        public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> action) {
1469 >            Objects.requireNonNull(action);
1470 >            final int hi = getFence();
1471 >            final Object[] a = array;
1472 >            int i;
1473 >            for (i = index, index = hi; i < hi; i++)
1474 >                action.accept((E) a[i]);
1475 >            if (modCount != expectedModCount)
1476 >                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
1477          }
1443    }
1444 }
1478  
1479 +        public long estimateSize() {
1480 +            return getFence() - index;
1481 +        }
1482  
1483 +        public int characteristics() {
1484 +            return Spliterator.ORDERED | Spliterator.SIZED | Spliterator.SUBSIZED;
1485 +        }
1486 +    }
1487  
1488 +    void checkInvariants() {
1489 +        // assert elementCount >= 0;
1490 +        // assert elementCount == elementData.length || elementData[elementCount] == null;
1491 +    }
1492 + }

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