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jsr166 |
1.1 |
/* |
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* Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 |
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* Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at |
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* http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain |
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*/ |
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package java.util.concurrent; |
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import java.util.ArrayList; |
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import java.util.Arrays; |
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import java.util.Collection; |
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import java.util.Collections; |
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import java.util.List; |
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import java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport; |
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import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; |
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import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; |
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1.14 |
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; |
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jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
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/** |
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jsr166 |
1.4 |
* An {@link ExecutorService} for running {@link ForkJoinTask}s. |
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jsr166 |
1.8 |
* A {@code ForkJoinPool} provides the entry point for submissions |
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* from non-{@code ForkJoinTask}s, as well as management and |
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jsr166 |
1.11 |
* monitoring operations. |
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jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
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jsr166 |
1.9 |
* <p>A {@code ForkJoinPool} differs from other kinds of {@link |
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* ExecutorService} mainly by virtue of employing |
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* <em>work-stealing</em>: all threads in the pool attempt to find and |
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* execute subtasks created by other active tasks (eventually blocking |
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* waiting for work if none exist). This enables efficient processing |
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* when most tasks spawn other subtasks (as do most {@code |
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* ForkJoinTask}s). A {@code ForkJoinPool} may also be used for mixed |
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* execution of some plain {@code Runnable}- or {@code Callable}- |
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* based activities along with {@code ForkJoinTask}s. When setting |
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* {@linkplain #setAsyncMode async mode}, a {@code ForkJoinPool} may |
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* also be appropriate for use with fine-grained tasks of any form |
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* that are never joined. Otherwise, other {@code ExecutorService} |
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* implementations are typically more appropriate choices. |
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jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
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jsr166 |
1.9 |
* <p>A {@code ForkJoinPool} is constructed with a given target |
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* parallelism level; by default, equal to the number of available |
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* processors. Unless configured otherwise via {@link |
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* #setMaintainsParallelism}, the pool attempts to maintain this |
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* number of active (or available) threads by dynamically adding, |
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* suspending, or resuming internal worker threads, even if some tasks |
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jsr166 |
1.10 |
* are stalled waiting to join others. However, no such adjustments |
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* are performed in the face of blocked IO or other unmanaged |
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jsr166 |
1.8 |
* synchronization. The nested {@link ManagedBlocker} interface |
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* enables extension of the kinds of synchronization accommodated. |
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* The target parallelism level may also be changed dynamically |
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jsr166 |
1.9 |
* ({@link #setParallelism}). The total number of threads may be |
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* limited using method {@link #setMaximumPoolSize}, in which case it |
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* may become possible for the activities of a pool to stall due to |
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dl |
1.14 |
* the lack of available threads to process new tasks. When the pool |
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* is executing tasks, these and other configuration setting methods |
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* may only gradually affect actual pool sizes. It is normally best |
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* practice to invoke these methods only when the pool is known to be |
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* quiescent. |
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jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
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* <p>In addition to execution and lifecycle control methods, this |
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* class provides status check methods (for example |
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jsr166 |
1.4 |
* {@link #getStealCount}) that are intended to aid in developing, |
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jsr166 |
1.1 |
* tuning, and monitoring fork/join applications. Also, method |
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jsr166 |
1.4 |
* {@link #toString} returns indications of pool state in a |
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jsr166 |
1.1 |
* convenient form for informal monitoring. |
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* |
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jsr166 |
1.9 |
* <p><b>Sample Usage.</b> Normally a single {@code ForkJoinPool} is |
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* used for all parallel task execution in a program or subsystem. |
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* Otherwise, use would not usually outweigh the construction and |
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* bookkeeping overhead of creating a large set of threads. For |
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* example, a common pool could be used for the {@code SortTasks} |
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* illustrated in {@link RecursiveAction}. Because {@code |
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* ForkJoinPool} uses threads in {@linkplain java.lang.Thread#isDaemon |
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* daemon} mode, there is typically no need to explicitly {@link |
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* #shutdown} such a pool upon program exit. |
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* |
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* <pre> |
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* static final ForkJoinPool mainPool = new ForkJoinPool(); |
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* ... |
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* public void sort(long[] array) { |
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* mainPool.invoke(new SortTask(array, 0, array.length)); |
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* } |
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* </pre> |
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* |
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jsr166 |
1.1 |
* <p><b>Implementation notes</b>: This implementation restricts the |
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* maximum number of running threads to 32767. Attempts to create |
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jsr166 |
1.11 |
* pools with greater than the maximum number result in |
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jsr166 |
1.8 |
* {@code IllegalArgumentException}. |
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jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
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jsr166 |
1.11 |
* <p>This implementation rejects submitted tasks (that is, by throwing |
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* {@link RejectedExecutionException}) only when the pool is shut down. |
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* |
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jsr166 |
1.1 |
* @since 1.7 |
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* @author Doug Lea |
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*/ |
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public class ForkJoinPool extends AbstractExecutorService { |
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/* |
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1.14 |
* Implementation Overview |
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* |
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* This class provides the central bookkeeping and control for a |
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* set of worker threads: Submissions from non-FJ threads enter |
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* into a submission queue. Workers take these tasks and typically |
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* split them into subtasks that may be stolen by other workers. |
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* The main work-stealing mechanics implemented in class |
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* ForkJoinWorkerThread give first priority to processing tasks |
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* from their own queues (LIFO or FIFO, depending on mode), then |
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* to randomized FIFO steals of tasks in other worker queues, and |
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* lastly to new submissions. These mechanics do not consider |
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* affinities, loads, cache localities, etc, so rarely provide the |
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* best possible performance on a given machine, but portably |
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* provide good throughput by averaging over these factors. |
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* (Further, even if we did try to use such information, we do not |
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* usually have a basis for exploiting it. For example, some sets |
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* of tasks profit from cache affinities, but others are harmed by |
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* cache pollution effects.) |
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* |
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* The main throughput advantages of work-stealing stem from |
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* decentralized control -- workers mostly steal tasks from each |
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* other. We do not want to negate this by creating bottlenecks |
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* implementing the management responsibilities of this class. So |
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* we use a collection of techniques that avoid, reduce, or cope |
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* well with contention. These entail several instances of |
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* bit-packing into CASable fields to maintain only the minimally |
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* required atomicity. To enable such packing, we restrict maximum |
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* parallelism to (1<<15)-1 (enabling twice this to fit into a 16 |
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* bit field), which is far in excess of normal operating range. |
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* Even though updates to some of these bookkeeping fields do |
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* sometimes contend with each other, they don't normally |
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* cache-contend with updates to others enough to warrant memory |
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* padding or isolation. So they are all held as fields of |
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* ForkJoinPool objects. The main capabilities are as follows: |
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* |
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* 1. Creating and removing workers. Workers are recorded in the |
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* "workers" array. This is an array as opposed to some other data |
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* structure to support index-based random steals by workers. |
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* Updates to the array recording new workers and unrecording |
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* terminated ones are protected from each other by a lock |
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* (workerLock) but the array is otherwise concurrently readable, |
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* and accessed directly by workers. To simplify index-based |
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* operations, the array size is always a power of two, and all |
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dl |
1.17 |
* readers must tolerate null slots. Currently, all worker thread |
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* creation is on-demand, triggered by task submissions, |
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* replacement of terminated workers, and/or compensation for |
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* blocked workers. However, all other support code is set up to |
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* work with other policies. |
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1.14 |
* |
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* 2. Bookkeeping for dynamically adding and removing workers. We |
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* maintain a given level of parallelism (or, if |
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* maintainsParallelism is false, at least avoid starvation). When |
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* some workers are known to be blocked (on joins or via |
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* ManagedBlocker), we may create or resume others to take their |
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* place until they unblock (see below). Implementing this |
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* requires counts of the number of "running" threads (i.e., those |
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* that are neither blocked nor artifically suspended) as well as |
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* the total number. These two values are packed into one field, |
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* "workerCounts" because we need accurate snapshots when deciding |
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* to create, resume or suspend. To support these decisions, |
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1.17 |
* updates to spare counts must be prospective (not |
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* retrospective). For example, the running count is decremented |
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* before blocking by a thread about to block as a spare, but |
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* incremented by the thread about to unblock it. Updates upon |
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* resumption ofr threads blocking in awaitJoin or awaitBlocker |
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* cannot usually be prospective, so the running count is in |
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* general an upper bound of the number of productively running |
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* threads Updates to the workerCounts field sometimes transiently |
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* encounter a fair amount of contention when join dependencies |
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* are such that many threads block or unblock at about the same |
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* time. We alleviate this by sometimes bundling updates (for |
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* example blocking one thread on join and resuming a spare cancel |
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* each other out), and in most other cases performing an |
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* alternative action like releasing waiters or locating spares. |
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1.14 |
* |
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* 3. Maintaining global run state. The run state of the pool |
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* consists of a runLevel (SHUTDOWN, TERMINATING, etc) similar to |
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* those in other Executor implementations, as well as a count of |
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* "active" workers -- those that are, or soon will be, or |
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* recently were executing tasks. The runLevel and active count |
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* are packed together in order to correctly trigger shutdown and |
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* termination. Without care, active counts can be subject to very |
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* high contention. We substantially reduce this contention by |
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* relaxing update rules. A worker must claim active status |
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* prospectively, by activating if it sees that a submitted or |
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* stealable task exists (it may find after activating that the |
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* task no longer exists). It stays active while processing this |
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* task (if it exists) and any other local subtasks it produces, |
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* until it cannot find any other tasks. It then tries |
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* inactivating (see method preStep), but upon update contention |
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* instead scans for more tasks, later retrying inactivation if it |
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* doesn't find any. |
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* |
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* 4. Managing idle workers waiting for tasks. We cannot let |
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* workers spin indefinitely scanning for tasks when none are |
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* available. On the other hand, we must quickly prod them into |
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* action when new tasks are submitted or generated. We |
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* park/unpark these idle workers using an event-count scheme. |
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* Field eventCount is incremented upon events that may enable |
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* workers that previously could not find a task to now find one: |
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* Submission of a new task to the pool, or another worker pushing |
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* a task onto a previously empty queue. (We also use this |
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* mechanism for termination and reconfiguration actions that |
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* require wakeups of idle workers). Each worker maintains its |
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* last known event count, and blocks when a scan for work did not |
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* find a task AND its lastEventCount matches the current |
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* eventCount. Waiting idle workers are recorded in a variant of |
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* Treiber stack headed by field eventWaiters which, when nonzero, |
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* encodes the thread index and count awaited for by the worker |
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* thread most recently calling eventSync. This thread in turn has |
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* a record (field nextEventWaiter) for the next waiting worker. |
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* In addition to allowing simpler decisions about need for |
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* wakeup, the event count bits in eventWaiters serve the role of |
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* tags to avoid ABA errors in Treiber stacks. To reduce delays |
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* in task diffusion, workers not otherwise occupied may invoke |
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* method releaseWaiters, that removes and signals (unparks) |
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* workers not waiting on current count. To minimize task |
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* production stalls associate with signalling, any worker pushing |
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* a task on an empty queue invokes the weaker method signalWork, |
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* that only releases idle workers until it detects interference |
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* by other threads trying to release, and lets them take |
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* over. The net effect is a tree-like diffusion of signals, where |
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dl |
1.17 |
* released threads (and possibly others) help with unparks. To |
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dl |
1.14 |
* further reduce contention effects a bit, failed CASes to |
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* increment field eventCount are tolerated without retries. |
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* Conceptually they are merged into the same event, which is OK |
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* when their only purpose is to enable workers to scan for work. |
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* |
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* 5. Managing suspension of extra workers. When a worker is about |
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* to block waiting for a join (or via ManagedBlockers), we may |
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* create a new thread to maintain parallelism level, or at least |
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* avoid starvation (see below). Usually, extra threads are needed |
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* for only very short periods, yet join dependencies are such |
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* that we sometimes need them in bursts. Rather than create new |
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* threads each time this happens, we suspend no-longer-needed |
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* extra ones as "spares". For most purposes, we don't distinguish |
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* "extra" spare threads from normal "core" threads: On each call |
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* to preStep (the only point at which we can do this) a worker |
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* checks to see if there are now too many running workers, and if |
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dl |
1.17 |
* so, suspends itself. Methods awaitJoin and awaitBlocker look |
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* for suspended threads to resume before considering creating a |
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* new replacement. We don't need a special data structure to |
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* maintain spares; simply scanning the workers array looking for |
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dl |
1.14 |
* worker.isSuspended() is fine because the calling thread is |
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* otherwise not doing anything useful anyway; we are at least as |
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* happy if after locating a spare, the caller doesn't actually |
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* block because the join is ready before we try to adjust and |
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* compensate. Note that this is intrinsically racy. One thread |
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* may become a spare at about the same time as another is |
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* needlessly being created. We counteract this and related slop |
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* in part by requiring resumed spares to immediately recheck (in |
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* preStep) to see whether they they should re-suspend. The only |
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* effective difference between "extra" and "core" threads is that |
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* we allow the "extra" ones to time out and die if they are not |
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* resumed within a keep-alive interval of a few seconds. This is |
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* implemented mainly within ForkJoinWorkerThread, but requires |
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* some coordination (isTrimmed() -- meaning killed while |
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* suspended) to correctly maintain pool counts. |
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* |
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* 6. Deciding when to create new workers. The main dynamic |
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* control in this class is deciding when to create extra threads, |
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dl |
1.17 |
* in methods awaitJoin and awaitBlocker. We always |
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* need to create one when the number of running threads becomes |
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* zero. But because blocked joins are typically dependent, we |
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* don't necessarily need or want one-to-one replacement. Using a |
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* one-to-one compensation rule often leads to enough useless |
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* overhead creating, suspending, resuming, and/or killing threads |
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* to signficantly degrade throughput. We use a rule reflecting |
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* the idea that, the more spare threads you already have, the |
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* more evidence you need to create another one. The "evidence" |
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* here takes two forms: (1) Using a creation threshold expressed |
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* in terms of the current deficit -- target minus running |
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dl |
1.14 |
* threads. To reduce flickering and drift around target values, |
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* the relation is quadratic: adding a spare if (dc*dc)>=(sc*pc) |
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* (where dc is deficit, sc is number of spare threads and pc is |
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dl |
1.17 |
* target parallelism.) (2) Using a form of adaptive |
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* spionning. requiring a number of threshold checks proportional |
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* to the number of spare threads. This effectively reduces churn |
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* at the price of systematically undershooting target parallelism |
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* when many threads are blocked. However, biasing toward |
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* undeshooting partially compensates for the above mechanics to |
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* suspend extra threads, that normally lead to overshoot because |
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* we can only suspend workers in-between top-level actions. It |
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* also better copes with the fact that some of the methods in |
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* this class tend to never become compiled (but are interpreted), |
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* so some components of the entire set of controls might execute |
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* many times faster than others. And similarly for cases where |
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* the apparent lack of work is just due to GC stalls and other |
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dl |
1.14 |
* transient system activity. |
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* |
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* 7. Maintaining other configuration parameters and monitoring |
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* statistics. Updates to fields controlling parallelism level, |
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* max size, etc can only meaningfully take effect for individual |
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* threads upon their next top-level actions; i.e., between |
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* stealing/running tasks/submission, which are separated by calls |
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* to preStep. Memory ordering for these (assumed infrequent) |
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* reconfiguration calls is ensured by using reads and writes to |
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* volatile field workerCounts (that must be read in preStep anyway) |
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* as "fences" -- user-level reads are preceded by reads of |
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* workCounts, and writes are followed by no-op CAS to |
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* workerCounts. The values reported by other management and |
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* monitoring methods are either computed on demand, or are kept |
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* in fields that are only updated when threads are otherwise |
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* idle. |
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* |
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* Beware that there is a lot of representation-level coupling |
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* among classes ForkJoinPool, ForkJoinWorkerThread, and |
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* ForkJoinTask. For example, direct access to "workers" array by |
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* workers, and direct access to ForkJoinTask.status by both |
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* ForkJoinPool and ForkJoinWorkerThread. There is little point |
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* trying to reduce this, since any associated future changes in |
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* representations will need to be accompanied by algorithmic |
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* changes anyway. |
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* |
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* Style notes: There are lots of inline assignments (of form |
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* "while ((local = field) != 0)") which are usually the simplest |
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* way to ensure read orderings. Also several occurrences of the |
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* unusual "do {} while(!cas...)" which is the simplest way to |
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* force an update of a CAS'ed variable. There are also a few |
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* other coding oddities that help some methods perform reasonably |
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* even when interpreted (not compiled). |
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* |
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* The order of declarations in this file is: (1) statics (2) |
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|
* fields (along with constants used when unpacking some of them) |
322 |
|
|
* (3) internal control methods (4) callbacks and other support |
323 |
|
|
* for ForkJoinTask and ForkJoinWorkerThread classes, (5) exported |
324 |
|
|
* methods (plus a few little helpers). |
325 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
326 |
|
|
|
327 |
|
|
/** |
328 |
jsr166 |
1.8 |
* Factory for creating new {@link ForkJoinWorkerThread}s. |
329 |
|
|
* A {@code ForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory} must be defined and used |
330 |
|
|
* for {@code ForkJoinWorkerThread} subclasses that extend base |
331 |
|
|
* functionality or initialize threads with different contexts. |
332 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
333 |
|
|
public static interface ForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory { |
334 |
|
|
/** |
335 |
|
|
* Returns a new worker thread operating in the given pool. |
336 |
|
|
* |
337 |
|
|
* @param pool the pool this thread works in |
338 |
jsr166 |
1.11 |
* @throws NullPointerException if the pool is null |
339 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
340 |
|
|
public ForkJoinWorkerThread newThread(ForkJoinPool pool); |
341 |
|
|
} |
342 |
|
|
|
343 |
|
|
/** |
344 |
|
|
* Default ForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory implementation; creates a |
345 |
|
|
* new ForkJoinWorkerThread. |
346 |
|
|
*/ |
347 |
|
|
static class DefaultForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory |
348 |
|
|
implements ForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory { |
349 |
|
|
public ForkJoinWorkerThread newThread(ForkJoinPool pool) { |
350 |
dl |
1.14 |
return new ForkJoinWorkerThread(pool); |
351 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
352 |
|
|
} |
353 |
|
|
|
354 |
|
|
/** |
355 |
|
|
* Creates a new ForkJoinWorkerThread. This factory is used unless |
356 |
|
|
* overridden in ForkJoinPool constructors. |
357 |
|
|
*/ |
358 |
|
|
public static final ForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory |
359 |
|
|
defaultForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory = |
360 |
|
|
new DefaultForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory(); |
361 |
|
|
|
362 |
|
|
/** |
363 |
|
|
* Permission required for callers of methods that may start or |
364 |
|
|
* kill threads. |
365 |
|
|
*/ |
366 |
|
|
private static final RuntimePermission modifyThreadPermission = |
367 |
|
|
new RuntimePermission("modifyThread"); |
368 |
|
|
|
369 |
|
|
/** |
370 |
|
|
* If there is a security manager, makes sure caller has |
371 |
|
|
* permission to modify threads. |
372 |
|
|
*/ |
373 |
|
|
private static void checkPermission() { |
374 |
|
|
SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager(); |
375 |
|
|
if (security != null) |
376 |
|
|
security.checkPermission(modifyThreadPermission); |
377 |
|
|
} |
378 |
|
|
|
379 |
|
|
/** |
380 |
|
|
* Generator for assigning sequence numbers as pool names. |
381 |
|
|
*/ |
382 |
|
|
private static final AtomicInteger poolNumberGenerator = |
383 |
|
|
new AtomicInteger(); |
384 |
|
|
|
385 |
|
|
/** |
386 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Absolute bound for parallelism level. Twice this number must |
387 |
|
|
* fit into a 16bit field to enable word-packing for some counts. |
388 |
|
|
*/ |
389 |
|
|
private static final int MAX_THREADS = 0x7fff; |
390 |
|
|
|
391 |
|
|
/** |
392 |
|
|
* Array holding all worker threads in the pool. Array size must |
393 |
|
|
* be a power of two. Updates and replacements are protected by |
394 |
|
|
* workerLock, but the array is always kept in a consistent enough |
395 |
|
|
* state to be randomly accessed without locking by workers |
396 |
|
|
* performing work-stealing, as well as other traversal-based |
397 |
|
|
* methods in this class. All readers must tolerate that some |
398 |
|
|
* array slots may be null. |
399 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
400 |
|
|
volatile ForkJoinWorkerThread[] workers; |
401 |
|
|
|
402 |
|
|
/** |
403 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Queue for external submissions. |
404 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
405 |
dl |
1.14 |
private final LinkedTransferQueue<ForkJoinTask<?>> submissionQueue; |
406 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
407 |
|
|
/** |
408 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Lock protecting updates to workers array. |
409 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
410 |
dl |
1.14 |
private final ReentrantLock workerLock; |
411 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
412 |
|
|
/** |
413 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Latch released upon termination. |
414 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
415 |
dl |
1.14 |
private final CountDownLatch terminationLatch; |
416 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
417 |
|
|
/** |
418 |
|
|
* Creation factory for worker threads. |
419 |
|
|
*/ |
420 |
|
|
private final ForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory factory; |
421 |
|
|
|
422 |
|
|
/** |
423 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Sum of per-thread steal counts, updated only when threads are |
424 |
|
|
* idle or terminating. |
425 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
426 |
dl |
1.14 |
private volatile long stealCount; |
427 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
428 |
|
|
/** |
429 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Encoded record of top of treiber stack of threads waiting for |
430 |
|
|
* events. The top 32 bits contain the count being waited for. The |
431 |
|
|
* bottom word contains one plus the pool index of waiting worker |
432 |
|
|
* thread. |
433 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
434 |
dl |
1.14 |
private volatile long eventWaiters; |
435 |
|
|
|
436 |
|
|
private static final int EVENT_COUNT_SHIFT = 32; |
437 |
|
|
private static final long WAITER_INDEX_MASK = (1L << EVENT_COUNT_SHIFT)-1L; |
438 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
439 |
|
|
/** |
440 |
dl |
1.14 |
* A counter for events that may wake up worker threads: |
441 |
|
|
* - Submission of a new task to the pool |
442 |
|
|
* - A worker pushing a task on an empty queue |
443 |
|
|
* - termination and reconfiguration |
444 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
445 |
dl |
1.14 |
private volatile int eventCount; |
446 |
|
|
|
447 |
|
|
/** |
448 |
|
|
* Lifecycle control. The low word contains the number of workers |
449 |
|
|
* that are (probably) executing tasks. This value is atomically |
450 |
|
|
* incremented before a worker gets a task to run, and decremented |
451 |
|
|
* when worker has no tasks and cannot find any. Bits 16-18 |
452 |
|
|
* contain runLevel value. When all are zero, the pool is |
453 |
|
|
* running. Level transitions are monotonic (running -> shutdown |
454 |
|
|
* -> terminating -> terminated) so each transition adds a bit. |
455 |
|
|
* These are bundled together to ensure consistent read for |
456 |
|
|
* termination checks (i.e., that runLevel is at least SHUTDOWN |
457 |
|
|
* and active threads is zero). |
458 |
|
|
*/ |
459 |
|
|
private volatile int runState; |
460 |
|
|
|
461 |
|
|
// Note: The order among run level values matters. |
462 |
|
|
private static final int RUNLEVEL_SHIFT = 16; |
463 |
|
|
private static final int SHUTDOWN = 1 << RUNLEVEL_SHIFT; |
464 |
|
|
private static final int TERMINATING = 1 << (RUNLEVEL_SHIFT + 1); |
465 |
|
|
private static final int TERMINATED = 1 << (RUNLEVEL_SHIFT + 2); |
466 |
|
|
private static final int ACTIVE_COUNT_MASK = (1 << RUNLEVEL_SHIFT) - 1; |
467 |
|
|
private static final int ONE_ACTIVE = 1; // active update delta |
468 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
469 |
|
|
/** |
470 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Holds number of total (i.e., created and not yet terminated) |
471 |
|
|
* and running (i.e., not blocked on joins or other managed sync) |
472 |
|
|
* threads, packed together to ensure consistent snapshot when |
473 |
|
|
* making decisions about creating and suspending spare |
474 |
|
|
* threads. Updated only by CAS. Note that adding a new worker |
475 |
|
|
* requires incrementing both counts, since workers start off in |
476 |
|
|
* running state. This field is also used for memory-fencing |
477 |
|
|
* configuration parameters. |
478 |
|
|
*/ |
479 |
|
|
private volatile int workerCounts; |
480 |
|
|
|
481 |
|
|
private static final int TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT = 16; |
482 |
|
|
private static final int RUNNING_COUNT_MASK = (1 << TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT) - 1; |
483 |
|
|
private static final int ONE_RUNNING = 1; |
484 |
|
|
private static final int ONE_TOTAL = 1 << TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT; |
485 |
|
|
|
486 |
|
|
/* |
487 |
dl |
1.17 |
* Fields parallelism. maxPoolSize, and maintainsParallelism are |
488 |
|
|
* non-volatile, but external reads/writes use workerCount fences |
489 |
|
|
* to ensure visability. |
490 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
491 |
|
|
|
492 |
|
|
/** |
493 |
dl |
1.14 |
* The target parallelism level. |
494 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
495 |
dl |
1.14 |
private int parallelism; |
496 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
497 |
|
|
/** |
498 |
dl |
1.14 |
* The maximum allowed pool size. |
499 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
500 |
dl |
1.14 |
private int maxPoolSize; |
501 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
502 |
|
|
/** |
503 |
dl |
1.14 |
* True if use local fifo, not default lifo, for local polling |
504 |
|
|
* Replicated by ForkJoinWorkerThreads |
505 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
506 |
dl |
1.17 |
private volatile boolean locallyFifo; |
507 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
508 |
|
|
/** |
509 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Controls whether to add spares to maintain parallelism |
510 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
511 |
dl |
1.14 |
private boolean maintainsParallelism; |
512 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
513 |
|
|
/** |
514 |
dl |
1.14 |
* The uncaught exception handler used when any worker |
515 |
|
|
* abruptly terminates |
516 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
517 |
dl |
1.17 |
private volatile Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler ueh; |
518 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
519 |
|
|
/** |
520 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Pool number, just for assigning useful names to worker threads |
521 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
522 |
dl |
1.14 |
private final int poolNumber; |
523 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
524 |
dl |
1.14 |
// utilities for updating fields |
525 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
526 |
|
|
/** |
527 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Adds delta to running count. Used mainly by ForkJoinTask. |
528 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
529 |
|
|
final void updateRunningCount(int delta) { |
530 |
dl |
1.14 |
int wc; |
531 |
|
|
do {} while (!UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, workerCountsOffset, |
532 |
|
|
wc = workerCounts, |
533 |
|
|
wc + delta)); |
534 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
535 |
|
|
|
536 |
|
|
/** |
537 |
dl |
1.17 |
* Decrements running count unless already zero |
538 |
|
|
*/ |
539 |
|
|
final boolean tryDecrementRunningCount() { |
540 |
|
|
int wc = workerCounts; |
541 |
|
|
if ((wc & RUNNING_COUNT_MASK) == 0) |
542 |
|
|
return false; |
543 |
|
|
return UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, workerCountsOffset, |
544 |
|
|
wc, wc - ONE_RUNNING); |
545 |
|
|
} |
546 |
|
|
|
547 |
|
|
/** |
548 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Write fence for user modifications of pool parameters |
549 |
|
|
* (parallelism. etc). Note that it doesn't matter if CAS fails. |
550 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
551 |
dl |
1.14 |
private void workerCountWriteFence() { |
552 |
|
|
int wc; |
553 |
|
|
UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, workerCountsOffset, |
554 |
|
|
wc = workerCounts, wc); |
555 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
556 |
|
|
|
557 |
|
|
/** |
558 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Read fence for external reads of pool parameters |
559 |
|
|
* (parallelism. maxPoolSize, etc). |
560 |
|
|
*/ |
561 |
|
|
private void workerCountReadFence() { |
562 |
|
|
int ignore = workerCounts; |
563 |
|
|
} |
564 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
565 |
|
|
/** |
566 |
|
|
* Tries incrementing active count; fails on contention. |
567 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Called by workers before executing tasks. |
568 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
569 |
|
|
* @return true on success |
570 |
|
|
*/ |
571 |
|
|
final boolean tryIncrementActiveCount() { |
572 |
dl |
1.14 |
int c; |
573 |
|
|
return UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, runStateOffset, |
574 |
|
|
c = runState, c + ONE_ACTIVE); |
575 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
576 |
|
|
|
577 |
|
|
/** |
578 |
|
|
* Tries decrementing active count; fails on contention. |
579 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Called when workers cannot find tasks to run. |
580 |
|
|
*/ |
581 |
|
|
final boolean tryDecrementActiveCount() { |
582 |
|
|
int c; |
583 |
|
|
return UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, runStateOffset, |
584 |
|
|
c = runState, c - ONE_ACTIVE); |
585 |
|
|
} |
586 |
|
|
|
587 |
|
|
/** |
588 |
|
|
* Advances to at least the given level. Returns true if not |
589 |
|
|
* already in at least the given level. |
590 |
|
|
*/ |
591 |
|
|
private boolean advanceRunLevel(int level) { |
592 |
|
|
for (;;) { |
593 |
|
|
int s = runState; |
594 |
|
|
if ((s & level) != 0) |
595 |
|
|
return false; |
596 |
|
|
if (UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, runStateOffset, s, s | level)) |
597 |
|
|
return true; |
598 |
|
|
} |
599 |
|
|
} |
600 |
|
|
|
601 |
|
|
// workers array maintenance |
602 |
|
|
|
603 |
|
|
/** |
604 |
|
|
* Records and returns a workers array index for new worker. |
605 |
|
|
*/ |
606 |
|
|
private int recordWorker(ForkJoinWorkerThread w) { |
607 |
|
|
// Try using slot totalCount-1. If not available, scan and/or resize |
608 |
|
|
int k = (workerCounts >>> TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT) - 1; |
609 |
|
|
final ReentrantLock lock = this.workerLock; |
610 |
|
|
lock.lock(); |
611 |
|
|
try { |
612 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
613 |
dl |
1.17 |
int nws = ws.length; |
614 |
|
|
if (k < 0 || k >= nws || ws[k] != null) { |
615 |
|
|
for (k = 0; k < nws && ws[k] != null; ++k) |
616 |
dl |
1.14 |
; |
617 |
dl |
1.17 |
if (k == nws) |
618 |
|
|
ws = Arrays.copyOf(ws, nws << 1); |
619 |
dl |
1.14 |
} |
620 |
|
|
ws[k] = w; |
621 |
|
|
workers = ws; // volatile array write ensures slot visibility |
622 |
|
|
} finally { |
623 |
|
|
lock.unlock(); |
624 |
|
|
} |
625 |
|
|
return k; |
626 |
|
|
} |
627 |
|
|
|
628 |
|
|
/** |
629 |
|
|
* Nulls out record of worker in workers array |
630 |
|
|
*/ |
631 |
|
|
private void forgetWorker(ForkJoinWorkerThread w) { |
632 |
|
|
int idx = w.poolIndex; |
633 |
|
|
// Locking helps method recordWorker avoid unecessary expansion |
634 |
|
|
final ReentrantLock lock = this.workerLock; |
635 |
|
|
lock.lock(); |
636 |
|
|
try { |
637 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
638 |
|
|
if (idx >= 0 && idx < ws.length && ws[idx] == w) // verify |
639 |
|
|
ws[idx] = null; |
640 |
|
|
} finally { |
641 |
|
|
lock.unlock(); |
642 |
|
|
} |
643 |
|
|
} |
644 |
|
|
|
645 |
|
|
// adding and removing workers |
646 |
|
|
|
647 |
|
|
/** |
648 |
|
|
* Tries to create and add new worker. Assumes that worker counts |
649 |
|
|
* are already updated to accommodate the worker, so adjusts on |
650 |
|
|
* failure. |
651 |
|
|
* |
652 |
|
|
* @return new worker or null if creation failed |
653 |
|
|
*/ |
654 |
|
|
private ForkJoinWorkerThread addWorker() { |
655 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w = null; |
656 |
|
|
try { |
657 |
|
|
w = factory.newThread(this); |
658 |
|
|
} finally { // Adjust on either null or exceptional factory return |
659 |
|
|
if (w == null) { |
660 |
|
|
onWorkerCreationFailure(); |
661 |
|
|
return null; |
662 |
|
|
} |
663 |
|
|
} |
664 |
|
|
w.start(recordWorker(w), locallyFifo, ueh); |
665 |
|
|
return w; |
666 |
|
|
} |
667 |
|
|
|
668 |
|
|
/** |
669 |
|
|
* Adjusts counts upon failure to create worker |
670 |
|
|
*/ |
671 |
|
|
private void onWorkerCreationFailure() { |
672 |
dl |
1.17 |
for (;;) { |
673 |
|
|
int wc = workerCounts; |
674 |
|
|
if ((wc >>> TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT) > 0 && |
675 |
|
|
UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, workerCountsOffset, |
676 |
|
|
wc, wc - (ONE_RUNNING|ONE_TOTAL))) |
677 |
|
|
break; |
678 |
|
|
} |
679 |
dl |
1.14 |
tryTerminate(false); // in case of failure during shutdown |
680 |
|
|
} |
681 |
|
|
|
682 |
|
|
/** |
683 |
|
|
* Create enough total workers to establish target parallelism, |
684 |
|
|
* giving up if terminating or addWorker fails |
685 |
|
|
*/ |
686 |
|
|
private void ensureEnoughTotalWorkers() { |
687 |
|
|
int wc; |
688 |
dl |
1.17 |
while (((wc = workerCounts) >>> TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT) < parallelism && |
689 |
|
|
runState < TERMINATING) { |
690 |
dl |
1.14 |
if ((UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, workerCountsOffset, |
691 |
|
|
wc, wc + (ONE_RUNNING|ONE_TOTAL)) && |
692 |
|
|
addWorker() == null)) |
693 |
|
|
break; |
694 |
|
|
} |
695 |
|
|
} |
696 |
|
|
|
697 |
|
|
/** |
698 |
|
|
* Final callback from terminating worker. Removes record of |
699 |
|
|
* worker from array, and adjusts counts. If pool is shutting |
700 |
|
|
* down, tries to complete terminatation, else possibly replaces |
701 |
|
|
* the worker. |
702 |
|
|
* |
703 |
|
|
* @param w the worker |
704 |
|
|
*/ |
705 |
|
|
final void workerTerminated(ForkJoinWorkerThread w) { |
706 |
|
|
if (w.active) { // force inactive |
707 |
|
|
w.active = false; |
708 |
|
|
do {} while (!tryDecrementActiveCount()); |
709 |
|
|
} |
710 |
|
|
forgetWorker(w); |
711 |
|
|
|
712 |
dl |
1.17 |
// Decrement total count, and if was running, running count |
713 |
|
|
// Spin (waiting for other updates) if either would be negative |
714 |
|
|
int nr = w.isTrimmed() ? 0 : ONE_RUNNING; |
715 |
|
|
int unit = ONE_TOTAL + nr; |
716 |
|
|
for (;;) { |
717 |
|
|
int wc = workerCounts; |
718 |
|
|
int rc = wc & RUNNING_COUNT_MASK; |
719 |
|
|
if (rc - nr < 0 || (wc >>> TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT) == 0) |
720 |
|
|
Thread.yield(); // back off if waiting for other updates |
721 |
|
|
else if (UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, workerCountsOffset, |
722 |
|
|
wc, wc - unit)) |
723 |
|
|
break; |
724 |
|
|
} |
725 |
dl |
1.14 |
|
726 |
|
|
accumulateStealCount(w); // collect final count |
727 |
|
|
if (!tryTerminate(false)) |
728 |
|
|
ensureEnoughTotalWorkers(); |
729 |
|
|
} |
730 |
|
|
|
731 |
|
|
// Waiting for and signalling events |
732 |
|
|
|
733 |
|
|
/** |
734 |
|
|
* Ensures eventCount on exit is different (mod 2^32) than on |
735 |
|
|
* entry. CAS failures are OK -- any change in count suffices. |
736 |
|
|
*/ |
737 |
|
|
private void advanceEventCount() { |
738 |
|
|
int c; |
739 |
|
|
UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, eventCountOffset, c = eventCount, c+1); |
740 |
|
|
} |
741 |
|
|
|
742 |
|
|
/** |
743 |
|
|
* Releases workers blocked on a count not equal to current count. |
744 |
|
|
*/ |
745 |
|
|
final void releaseWaiters() { |
746 |
|
|
long top; |
747 |
|
|
int id; |
748 |
|
|
while ((id = (int)((top = eventWaiters) & WAITER_INDEX_MASK)) > 0 && |
749 |
|
|
(int)(top >>> EVENT_COUNT_SHIFT) != eventCount) { |
750 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
751 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w; |
752 |
|
|
if (ws.length >= id && (w = ws[id - 1]) != null && |
753 |
|
|
UNSAFE.compareAndSwapLong(this, eventWaitersOffset, |
754 |
|
|
top, w.nextWaiter)) |
755 |
|
|
LockSupport.unpark(w); |
756 |
|
|
} |
757 |
|
|
} |
758 |
|
|
|
759 |
|
|
/** |
760 |
|
|
* Advances eventCount and releases waiters until interference by |
761 |
|
|
* other releasing threads is detected. |
762 |
|
|
*/ |
763 |
|
|
final void signalWork() { |
764 |
|
|
int ec; |
765 |
|
|
UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, eventCountOffset, ec=eventCount, ec+1); |
766 |
|
|
outer:for (;;) { |
767 |
|
|
long top = eventWaiters; |
768 |
|
|
ec = eventCount; |
769 |
|
|
for (;;) { |
770 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws; ForkJoinWorkerThread w; |
771 |
|
|
int id = (int)(top & WAITER_INDEX_MASK); |
772 |
|
|
if (id <= 0 || (int)(top >>> EVENT_COUNT_SHIFT) == ec) |
773 |
|
|
return; |
774 |
|
|
if ((ws = workers).length < id || (w = ws[id - 1]) == null || |
775 |
|
|
!UNSAFE.compareAndSwapLong(this, eventWaitersOffset, |
776 |
|
|
top, top = w.nextWaiter)) |
777 |
|
|
continue outer; // possibly stale; reread |
778 |
|
|
LockSupport.unpark(w); |
779 |
|
|
if (top != eventWaiters) // let someone else take over |
780 |
|
|
return; |
781 |
|
|
} |
782 |
|
|
} |
783 |
|
|
} |
784 |
|
|
|
785 |
|
|
/** |
786 |
|
|
* If worker is inactive, blocks until terminating or event count |
787 |
|
|
* advances from last value held by worker; in any case helps |
788 |
|
|
* release others. |
789 |
|
|
* |
790 |
|
|
* @param w the calling worker thread |
791 |
|
|
*/ |
792 |
|
|
private void eventSync(ForkJoinWorkerThread w) { |
793 |
|
|
if (!w.active) { |
794 |
|
|
int prev = w.lastEventCount; |
795 |
|
|
long nextTop = (((long)prev << EVENT_COUNT_SHIFT) | |
796 |
|
|
((long)(w.poolIndex + 1))); |
797 |
|
|
long top; |
798 |
|
|
while ((runState < SHUTDOWN || !tryTerminate(false)) && |
799 |
|
|
(((int)(top = eventWaiters) & WAITER_INDEX_MASK) == 0 || |
800 |
|
|
(int)(top >>> EVENT_COUNT_SHIFT) == prev) && |
801 |
|
|
eventCount == prev) { |
802 |
|
|
if (UNSAFE.compareAndSwapLong(this, eventWaitersOffset, |
803 |
|
|
w.nextWaiter = top, nextTop)) { |
804 |
|
|
accumulateStealCount(w); // transfer steals while idle |
805 |
|
|
Thread.interrupted(); // clear/ignore interrupt |
806 |
|
|
while (eventCount == prev) |
807 |
|
|
w.doPark(); |
808 |
|
|
break; |
809 |
|
|
} |
810 |
|
|
} |
811 |
|
|
w.lastEventCount = eventCount; |
812 |
|
|
} |
813 |
|
|
releaseWaiters(); |
814 |
|
|
} |
815 |
|
|
|
816 |
|
|
/** |
817 |
|
|
* Callback from workers invoked upon each top-level action (i.e., |
818 |
|
|
* stealing a task or taking a submission and running |
819 |
|
|
* it). Performs one or both of the following: |
820 |
|
|
* |
821 |
|
|
* * If the worker cannot find work, updates its active status to |
822 |
|
|
* inactive and updates activeCount unless there is contention, in |
823 |
|
|
* which case it may try again (either in this or a subsequent |
824 |
|
|
* call). Additionally, awaits the next task event and/or helps |
825 |
|
|
* wake up other releasable waiters. |
826 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
827 |
dl |
1.14 |
* * If there are too many running threads, suspends this worker |
828 |
|
|
* (first forcing inactivation if necessary). If it is not |
829 |
|
|
* resumed before a keepAlive elapses, the worker may be "trimmed" |
830 |
|
|
* -- killed while suspended within suspendAsSpare. Otherwise, |
831 |
|
|
* upon resume it rechecks to make sure that it is still needed. |
832 |
|
|
* |
833 |
|
|
* @param w the worker |
834 |
|
|
* @param worked false if the worker scanned for work but didn't |
835 |
|
|
* find any (in which case it may block waiting for work). |
836 |
|
|
*/ |
837 |
|
|
final void preStep(ForkJoinWorkerThread w, boolean worked) { |
838 |
|
|
boolean active = w.active; |
839 |
|
|
boolean inactivate = !worked & active; |
840 |
|
|
for (;;) { |
841 |
|
|
if (inactivate) { |
842 |
|
|
int c = runState; |
843 |
|
|
if (UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, runStateOffset, |
844 |
|
|
c, c - ONE_ACTIVE)) |
845 |
|
|
inactivate = active = w.active = false; |
846 |
|
|
} |
847 |
|
|
int wc = workerCounts; |
848 |
|
|
if ((wc & RUNNING_COUNT_MASK) <= parallelism) { |
849 |
|
|
if (!worked) |
850 |
|
|
eventSync(w); |
851 |
|
|
return; |
852 |
|
|
} |
853 |
|
|
if (!(inactivate |= active) && // must inactivate to suspend |
854 |
|
|
UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, workerCountsOffset, |
855 |
|
|
wc, wc - ONE_RUNNING) && |
856 |
|
|
!w.suspendAsSpare()) // false if trimmed |
857 |
|
|
return; |
858 |
|
|
} |
859 |
|
|
} |
860 |
|
|
|
861 |
|
|
/** |
862 |
|
|
* Adjusts counts and creates or resumes compensating threads for |
863 |
dl |
1.17 |
* a worker blocking on task joinMe. First tries resuming an |
864 |
|
|
* existing spare (which usually also avoids any count |
865 |
|
|
* adjustment), but must then decrement running count to determine |
866 |
|
|
* whether a new thread is needed. See above for fuller |
867 |
|
|
* explanation. This code is sprawled out non-modularly mainly |
868 |
|
|
* because adaptive spinning works best if the entire method is |
869 |
|
|
* either interpreted or compiled vs having only some pieces of it |
870 |
|
|
* compiled. |
871 |
|
|
* |
872 |
|
|
* @param joinMe the task to join |
873 |
|
|
* @return task status on exit (to simplify usage by callers) |
874 |
dl |
1.14 |
*/ |
875 |
dl |
1.17 |
final int awaitJoin(ForkJoinTask<?> joinMe) { |
876 |
|
|
int pc = parallelism; |
877 |
|
|
boolean adj = false; // true when running count adjusted |
878 |
|
|
int scans = 0; |
879 |
dl |
1.14 |
|
880 |
dl |
1.17 |
while (joinMe.status >= 0) { |
881 |
dl |
1.14 |
ForkJoinWorkerThread spare = null; |
882 |
dl |
1.17 |
if ((workerCounts & RUNNING_COUNT_MASK) < pc) { |
883 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
884 |
|
|
int nws = ws.length; |
885 |
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < nws; ++i) { |
886 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w = ws[i]; |
887 |
|
|
if (w != null && w.isSuspended()) { |
888 |
|
|
spare = w; |
889 |
|
|
break; |
890 |
|
|
} |
891 |
|
|
} |
892 |
|
|
if (joinMe.status < 0) |
893 |
dl |
1.14 |
break; |
894 |
|
|
} |
895 |
dl |
1.17 |
int wc = workerCounts; |
896 |
|
|
int rc = wc & RUNNING_COUNT_MASK; |
897 |
|
|
int dc = pc - rc; |
898 |
|
|
if (dc > 0 && spare != null && spare.tryUnsuspend()) { |
899 |
|
|
if (adj) { |
900 |
dl |
1.14 |
int c; |
901 |
dl |
1.17 |
do {} while (!UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt |
902 |
|
|
(this, workerCountsOffset, |
903 |
|
|
c = workerCounts, c + ONE_RUNNING)); |
904 |
|
|
} |
905 |
|
|
adj = true; |
906 |
dl |
1.14 |
LockSupport.unpark(spare); |
907 |
|
|
} |
908 |
dl |
1.17 |
else if (adj) { |
909 |
|
|
if (dc <= 0) |
910 |
|
|
break; |
911 |
dl |
1.14 |
int tc = wc >>> TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT; |
912 |
dl |
1.17 |
if (scans > tc) { |
913 |
|
|
int ts = (tc - pc) * pc; |
914 |
|
|
if (rc != 0 && (dc * dc < ts || !maintainsParallelism)) |
915 |
|
|
break; |
916 |
|
|
if (scans > ts && tc < maxPoolSize && |
917 |
|
|
UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, workerCountsOffset, wc, |
918 |
|
|
wc+(ONE_RUNNING|ONE_TOTAL))){ |
919 |
|
|
addWorker(); |
920 |
|
|
break; |
921 |
|
|
} |
922 |
dl |
1.14 |
} |
923 |
|
|
} |
924 |
dl |
1.17 |
else if (rc != 0) |
925 |
|
|
adj = UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt (this, workerCountsOffset, |
926 |
|
|
wc, wc - ONE_RUNNING); |
927 |
|
|
if ((scans++ & 1) == 0) |
928 |
|
|
releaseWaiters(); // help others progress |
929 |
|
|
else |
930 |
|
|
Thread.yield(); // avoid starving productive threads |
931 |
|
|
} |
932 |
|
|
|
933 |
|
|
if (adj) { |
934 |
|
|
joinMe.internalAwaitDone(); |
935 |
|
|
int c; |
936 |
|
|
do {} while (!UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt |
937 |
|
|
(this, workerCountsOffset, |
938 |
|
|
c = workerCounts, c + ONE_RUNNING)); |
939 |
dl |
1.14 |
} |
940 |
dl |
1.17 |
return joinMe.status; |
941 |
dl |
1.14 |
} |
942 |
|
|
|
943 |
|
|
/** |
944 |
dl |
1.17 |
* Same idea as awaitJoin |
945 |
dl |
1.14 |
*/ |
946 |
dl |
1.17 |
final void awaitBlocker(ManagedBlocker blocker, boolean maintainPar) |
947 |
dl |
1.14 |
throws InterruptedException { |
948 |
dl |
1.17 |
maintainPar &= maintainsParallelism; |
949 |
|
|
int pc = parallelism; |
950 |
|
|
boolean adj = false; // true when running count adjusted |
951 |
|
|
int scans = 0; |
952 |
|
|
boolean done; |
953 |
|
|
|
954 |
dl |
1.14 |
for (;;) { |
955 |
|
|
if (done = blocker.isReleasable()) |
956 |
|
|
break; |
957 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread spare = null; |
958 |
dl |
1.17 |
if ((workerCounts & RUNNING_COUNT_MASK) < pc) { |
959 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
960 |
|
|
int nws = ws.length; |
961 |
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < nws; ++i) { |
962 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w = ws[i]; |
963 |
|
|
if (w != null && w.isSuspended()) { |
964 |
|
|
spare = w; |
965 |
|
|
break; |
966 |
|
|
} |
967 |
|
|
} |
968 |
|
|
if (done = blocker.isReleasable()) |
969 |
dl |
1.14 |
break; |
970 |
|
|
} |
971 |
dl |
1.17 |
int wc = workerCounts; |
972 |
|
|
int rc = wc & RUNNING_COUNT_MASK; |
973 |
|
|
int dc = pc - rc; |
974 |
|
|
if (dc > 0 && spare != null && spare.tryUnsuspend()) { |
975 |
|
|
if (adj) { |
976 |
dl |
1.14 |
int c; |
977 |
dl |
1.17 |
do {} while (!UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt |
978 |
|
|
(this, workerCountsOffset, |
979 |
|
|
c = workerCounts, c + ONE_RUNNING)); |
980 |
dl |
1.14 |
} |
981 |
dl |
1.17 |
adj = true; |
982 |
dl |
1.14 |
LockSupport.unpark(spare); |
983 |
|
|
} |
984 |
dl |
1.17 |
else if (adj) { |
985 |
|
|
if (dc <= 0) |
986 |
|
|
break; |
987 |
dl |
1.14 |
int tc = wc >>> TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT; |
988 |
dl |
1.17 |
if (scans > tc) { |
989 |
|
|
int ts = (tc - pc) * pc; |
990 |
|
|
if (rc != 0 && (dc * dc < ts || !maintainPar)) |
991 |
|
|
break; |
992 |
|
|
if (scans > ts && tc < maxPoolSize && |
993 |
|
|
UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, workerCountsOffset, wc, |
994 |
|
|
wc+(ONE_RUNNING|ONE_TOTAL))){ |
995 |
|
|
addWorker(); |
996 |
|
|
break; |
997 |
|
|
} |
998 |
dl |
1.14 |
} |
999 |
|
|
} |
1000 |
dl |
1.17 |
else if (rc != 0) |
1001 |
|
|
adj = UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt (this, workerCountsOffset, |
1002 |
|
|
wc, wc - ONE_RUNNING); |
1003 |
|
|
if ((++scans & 1) == 0) |
1004 |
|
|
releaseWaiters(); // help others progress |
1005 |
|
|
else |
1006 |
|
|
Thread.yield(); // avoid starving productive threads |
1007 |
dl |
1.14 |
} |
1008 |
|
|
|
1009 |
|
|
try { |
1010 |
|
|
if (!done) |
1011 |
|
|
do {} while (!blocker.isReleasable() && !blocker.block()); |
1012 |
|
|
} finally { |
1013 |
dl |
1.17 |
if (adj) { |
1014 |
dl |
1.14 |
int c; |
1015 |
dl |
1.17 |
do {} while (!UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt |
1016 |
|
|
(this, workerCountsOffset, |
1017 |
|
|
c = workerCounts, c + ONE_RUNNING)); |
1018 |
dl |
1.14 |
} |
1019 |
|
|
} |
1020 |
|
|
} |
1021 |
|
|
|
1022 |
|
|
/** |
1023 |
dl |
1.15 |
* Unless there are not enough other running threads, adjusts |
1024 |
dl |
1.17 |
* counts and blocks a worker performing helpJoin that cannot find |
1025 |
|
|
* any work. |
1026 |
dl |
1.15 |
* |
1027 |
dl |
1.17 |
* @return true if joinMe now done |
1028 |
dl |
1.15 |
*/ |
1029 |
dl |
1.17 |
final boolean tryAwaitBusyJoin(ForkJoinTask<?> joinMe) { |
1030 |
|
|
int pc = parallelism; |
1031 |
|
|
outer:for (;;) { |
1032 |
|
|
releaseWaiters(); |
1033 |
|
|
if ((workerCounts & RUNNING_COUNT_MASK) < pc) { |
1034 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
1035 |
|
|
int nws = ws.length; |
1036 |
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < nws; ++i) { |
1037 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w = ws[i]; |
1038 |
dl |
1.15 |
if (w != null && w.isSuspended()) { |
1039 |
dl |
1.17 |
if (joinMe.status < 0) |
1040 |
|
|
return true; |
1041 |
|
|
if ((workerCounts & RUNNING_COUNT_MASK) > pc) |
1042 |
|
|
break; |
1043 |
|
|
if (w.tryUnsuspend()) { |
1044 |
|
|
LockSupport.unpark(w); |
1045 |
|
|
break outer; |
1046 |
dl |
1.15 |
} |
1047 |
dl |
1.17 |
continue outer; |
1048 |
dl |
1.15 |
} |
1049 |
|
|
} |
1050 |
|
|
} |
1051 |
dl |
1.17 |
if (joinMe.status < 0) |
1052 |
|
|
return true; |
1053 |
|
|
int wc = workerCounts; |
1054 |
|
|
if ((wc & RUNNING_COUNT_MASK) <= 2 || |
1055 |
|
|
(wc >>> TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT) < pc) |
1056 |
|
|
return false; // keep this thread alive |
1057 |
dl |
1.15 |
if (UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, workerCountsOffset, |
1058 |
dl |
1.17 |
wc, wc - ONE_RUNNING)) |
1059 |
dl |
1.15 |
break; |
1060 |
|
|
} |
1061 |
dl |
1.17 |
|
1062 |
|
|
joinMe.internalAwaitDone(); |
1063 |
|
|
int c; |
1064 |
|
|
do {} while (!UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt |
1065 |
|
|
(this, workerCountsOffset, |
1066 |
|
|
c = workerCounts, c + ONE_RUNNING)); |
1067 |
|
|
return true; |
1068 |
dl |
1.15 |
} |
1069 |
|
|
|
1070 |
|
|
/** |
1071 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Possibly initiates and/or completes termination. |
1072 |
|
|
* |
1073 |
|
|
* @param now if true, unconditionally terminate, else only |
1074 |
|
|
* if shutdown and empty queue and no active workers |
1075 |
|
|
* @return true if now terminating or terminated |
1076 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1077 |
dl |
1.14 |
private boolean tryTerminate(boolean now) { |
1078 |
|
|
if (now) |
1079 |
|
|
advanceRunLevel(SHUTDOWN); // ensure at least SHUTDOWN |
1080 |
|
|
else if (runState < SHUTDOWN || |
1081 |
|
|
!submissionQueue.isEmpty() || |
1082 |
|
|
(runState & ACTIVE_COUNT_MASK) != 0) |
1083 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
return false; |
1084 |
dl |
1.14 |
|
1085 |
|
|
if (advanceRunLevel(TERMINATING)) |
1086 |
|
|
startTerminating(); |
1087 |
|
|
|
1088 |
|
|
// Finish now if all threads terminated; else in some subsequent call |
1089 |
|
|
if ((workerCounts >>> TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT) == 0) { |
1090 |
|
|
advanceRunLevel(TERMINATED); |
1091 |
|
|
terminationLatch.countDown(); |
1092 |
|
|
} |
1093 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
return true; |
1094 |
|
|
} |
1095 |
|
|
|
1096 |
|
|
/** |
1097 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Actions on transition to TERMINATING |
1098 |
|
|
*/ |
1099 |
|
|
private void startTerminating() { |
1100 |
dl |
1.17 |
for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) { // twice to mop up newly created workers |
1101 |
|
|
cancelSubmissions(); |
1102 |
|
|
shutdownWorkers(); |
1103 |
|
|
cancelWorkerTasks(); |
1104 |
|
|
advanceEventCount(); |
1105 |
|
|
releaseWaiters(); |
1106 |
|
|
interruptWorkers(); |
1107 |
|
|
} |
1108 |
|
|
} |
1109 |
|
|
|
1110 |
|
|
/** |
1111 |
|
|
* Clear out and cancel submissions, ignoring exceptions |
1112 |
|
|
*/ |
1113 |
|
|
private void cancelSubmissions() { |
1114 |
dl |
1.14 |
ForkJoinTask<?> task; |
1115 |
|
|
while ((task = submissionQueue.poll()) != null) { |
1116 |
|
|
try { |
1117 |
|
|
task.cancel(false); |
1118 |
|
|
} catch (Throwable ignore) { |
1119 |
|
|
} |
1120 |
|
|
} |
1121 |
dl |
1.17 |
} |
1122 |
|
|
|
1123 |
|
|
/** |
1124 |
|
|
* Sets all worker run states to at least shutdown, |
1125 |
|
|
* also resuming suspended workers |
1126 |
|
|
*/ |
1127 |
|
|
private void shutdownWorkers() { |
1128 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
1129 |
|
|
int nws = ws.length; |
1130 |
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < nws; ++i) { |
1131 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w = ws[i]; |
1132 |
dl |
1.14 |
if (w != null) |
1133 |
dl |
1.17 |
w.shutdown(); |
1134 |
dl |
1.14 |
} |
1135 |
dl |
1.17 |
} |
1136 |
|
|
|
1137 |
|
|
/** |
1138 |
|
|
* Clears out and cancels all locally queued tasks |
1139 |
|
|
*/ |
1140 |
|
|
private void cancelWorkerTasks() { |
1141 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
1142 |
|
|
int nws = ws.length; |
1143 |
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < nws; ++i) { |
1144 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w = ws[i]; |
1145 |
dl |
1.14 |
if (w != null) |
1146 |
|
|
w.cancelTasks(); |
1147 |
|
|
} |
1148 |
dl |
1.17 |
} |
1149 |
|
|
|
1150 |
|
|
/** |
1151 |
|
|
* Unsticks all workers blocked on joins etc |
1152 |
|
|
*/ |
1153 |
|
|
private void interruptWorkers() { |
1154 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
1155 |
|
|
int nws = ws.length; |
1156 |
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < nws; ++i) { |
1157 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w = ws[i]; |
1158 |
dl |
1.14 |
if (w != null && !w.isTerminated()) { |
1159 |
|
|
try { |
1160 |
|
|
w.interrupt(); |
1161 |
|
|
} catch (SecurityException ignore) { |
1162 |
|
|
} |
1163 |
|
|
} |
1164 |
|
|
} |
1165 |
|
|
} |
1166 |
|
|
|
1167 |
|
|
// misc support for ForkJoinWorkerThread |
1168 |
|
|
|
1169 |
|
|
/** |
1170 |
|
|
* Returns pool number |
1171 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1172 |
dl |
1.14 |
final int getPoolNumber() { |
1173 |
|
|
return poolNumber; |
1174 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1175 |
|
|
|
1176 |
|
|
/** |
1177 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Accumulates steal count from a worker, clearing |
1178 |
|
|
* the worker's value |
1179 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1180 |
dl |
1.14 |
final void accumulateStealCount(ForkJoinWorkerThread w) { |
1181 |
|
|
int sc = w.stealCount; |
1182 |
|
|
if (sc != 0) { |
1183 |
|
|
long c; |
1184 |
|
|
w.stealCount = 0; |
1185 |
|
|
do {} while (!UNSAFE.compareAndSwapLong(this, stealCountOffset, |
1186 |
|
|
c = stealCount, c + sc)); |
1187 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1188 |
|
|
} |
1189 |
|
|
|
1190 |
|
|
/** |
1191 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Returns the approximate (non-atomic) number of idle threads per |
1192 |
|
|
* active thread. |
1193 |
|
|
*/ |
1194 |
|
|
final int idlePerActive() { |
1195 |
|
|
int ac = runState; // no mask -- artifically boosts during shutdown |
1196 |
|
|
int pc = parallelism; // use targeted parallelism, not rc |
1197 |
|
|
// Use exact results for small values, saturate past 4 |
1198 |
|
|
return pc <= ac? 0 : pc >>> 1 <= ac? 1 : pc >>> 2 <= ac? 3 : pc >>> 3; |
1199 |
|
|
} |
1200 |
|
|
|
1201 |
|
|
// Public and protected methods |
1202 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
1203 |
|
|
// Constructors |
1204 |
|
|
|
1205 |
|
|
/** |
1206 |
jsr166 |
1.9 |
* Creates a {@code ForkJoinPool} with parallelism equal to {@link |
1207 |
|
|
* java.lang.Runtime#availableProcessors}, and using the {@linkplain |
1208 |
|
|
* #defaultForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory default thread factory}. |
1209 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1210 |
|
|
* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and |
1211 |
|
|
* the caller is not permitted to modify threads |
1212 |
|
|
* because it does not hold {@link |
1213 |
|
|
* java.lang.RuntimePermission}{@code ("modifyThread")} |
1214 |
|
|
*/ |
1215 |
|
|
public ForkJoinPool() { |
1216 |
|
|
this(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors(), |
1217 |
|
|
defaultForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory); |
1218 |
|
|
} |
1219 |
|
|
|
1220 |
|
|
/** |
1221 |
jsr166 |
1.9 |
* Creates a {@code ForkJoinPool} with the indicated parallelism |
1222 |
|
|
* level and using the {@linkplain |
1223 |
|
|
* #defaultForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory default thread factory}. |
1224 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1225 |
jsr166 |
1.9 |
* @param parallelism the parallelism level |
1226 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if parallelism less than or |
1227 |
jsr166 |
1.11 |
* equal to zero, or greater than implementation limit |
1228 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and |
1229 |
|
|
* the caller is not permitted to modify threads |
1230 |
|
|
* because it does not hold {@link |
1231 |
|
|
* java.lang.RuntimePermission}{@code ("modifyThread")} |
1232 |
|
|
*/ |
1233 |
|
|
public ForkJoinPool(int parallelism) { |
1234 |
|
|
this(parallelism, defaultForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory); |
1235 |
|
|
} |
1236 |
|
|
|
1237 |
|
|
/** |
1238 |
jsr166 |
1.9 |
* Creates a {@code ForkJoinPool} with parallelism equal to {@link |
1239 |
|
|
* java.lang.Runtime#availableProcessors}, and using the given |
1240 |
|
|
* thread factory. |
1241 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1242 |
|
|
* @param factory the factory for creating new threads |
1243 |
jsr166 |
1.11 |
* @throws NullPointerException if the factory is null |
1244 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and |
1245 |
|
|
* the caller is not permitted to modify threads |
1246 |
|
|
* because it does not hold {@link |
1247 |
|
|
* java.lang.RuntimePermission}{@code ("modifyThread")} |
1248 |
|
|
*/ |
1249 |
|
|
public ForkJoinPool(ForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory factory) { |
1250 |
|
|
this(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors(), factory); |
1251 |
|
|
} |
1252 |
|
|
|
1253 |
|
|
/** |
1254 |
jsr166 |
1.8 |
* Creates a {@code ForkJoinPool} with the given parallelism and |
1255 |
|
|
* thread factory. |
1256 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1257 |
jsr166 |
1.9 |
* @param parallelism the parallelism level |
1258 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* @param factory the factory for creating new threads |
1259 |
|
|
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if parallelism less than or |
1260 |
jsr166 |
1.11 |
* equal to zero, or greater than implementation limit |
1261 |
|
|
* @throws NullPointerException if the factory is null |
1262 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and |
1263 |
|
|
* the caller is not permitted to modify threads |
1264 |
|
|
* because it does not hold {@link |
1265 |
|
|
* java.lang.RuntimePermission}{@code ("modifyThread")} |
1266 |
|
|
*/ |
1267 |
|
|
public ForkJoinPool(int parallelism, ForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory factory) { |
1268 |
dl |
1.14 |
checkPermission(); |
1269 |
|
|
if (factory == null) |
1270 |
|
|
throw new NullPointerException(); |
1271 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
if (parallelism <= 0 || parallelism > MAX_THREADS) |
1272 |
|
|
throw new IllegalArgumentException(); |
1273 |
dl |
1.14 |
this.poolNumber = poolNumberGenerator.incrementAndGet(); |
1274 |
|
|
int arraySize = initialArraySizeFor(parallelism); |
1275 |
|
|
this.parallelism = parallelism; |
1276 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
this.factory = factory; |
1277 |
|
|
this.maxPoolSize = MAX_THREADS; |
1278 |
|
|
this.maintainsParallelism = true; |
1279 |
dl |
1.14 |
this.workers = new ForkJoinWorkerThread[arraySize]; |
1280 |
|
|
this.submissionQueue = new LinkedTransferQueue<ForkJoinTask<?>>(); |
1281 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
this.workerLock = new ReentrantLock(); |
1282 |
dl |
1.14 |
this.terminationLatch = new CountDownLatch(1); |
1283 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1284 |
|
|
|
1285 |
|
|
/** |
1286 |
dl |
1.14 |
* Returns initial power of two size for workers array. |
1287 |
|
|
* @param pc the initial parallelism level |
1288 |
|
|
*/ |
1289 |
|
|
private static int initialArraySizeFor(int pc) { |
1290 |
|
|
// See Hackers Delight, sec 3.2. We know MAX_THREADS < (1 >>> 16) |
1291 |
|
|
int size = pc < MAX_THREADS ? pc + 1 : MAX_THREADS; |
1292 |
|
|
size |= size >>> 1; |
1293 |
|
|
size |= size >>> 2; |
1294 |
|
|
size |= size >>> 4; |
1295 |
|
|
size |= size >>> 8; |
1296 |
|
|
return size + 1; |
1297 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1298 |
|
|
|
1299 |
|
|
// Execution methods |
1300 |
|
|
|
1301 |
|
|
/** |
1302 |
|
|
* Common code for execute, invoke and submit |
1303 |
|
|
*/ |
1304 |
|
|
private <T> void doSubmit(ForkJoinTask<T> task) { |
1305 |
jsr166 |
1.2 |
if (task == null) |
1306 |
|
|
throw new NullPointerException(); |
1307 |
dl |
1.14 |
if (runState >= SHUTDOWN) |
1308 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
throw new RejectedExecutionException(); |
1309 |
|
|
submissionQueue.offer(task); |
1310 |
dl |
1.14 |
advanceEventCount(); |
1311 |
|
|
releaseWaiters(); |
1312 |
dl |
1.17 |
ensureEnoughTotalWorkers(); |
1313 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1314 |
|
|
|
1315 |
|
|
/** |
1316 |
|
|
* Performs the given task, returning its result upon completion. |
1317 |
|
|
* |
1318 |
|
|
* @param task the task |
1319 |
|
|
* @return the task's result |
1320 |
jsr166 |
1.11 |
* @throws NullPointerException if the task is null |
1321 |
|
|
* @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be |
1322 |
|
|
* scheduled for execution |
1323 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1324 |
|
|
public <T> T invoke(ForkJoinTask<T> task) { |
1325 |
|
|
doSubmit(task); |
1326 |
|
|
return task.join(); |
1327 |
|
|
} |
1328 |
|
|
|
1329 |
|
|
/** |
1330 |
|
|
* Arranges for (asynchronous) execution of the given task. |
1331 |
|
|
* |
1332 |
|
|
* @param task the task |
1333 |
jsr166 |
1.11 |
* @throws NullPointerException if the task is null |
1334 |
|
|
* @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be |
1335 |
|
|
* scheduled for execution |
1336 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1337 |
jsr166 |
1.8 |
public void execute(ForkJoinTask<?> task) { |
1338 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
doSubmit(task); |
1339 |
|
|
} |
1340 |
|
|
|
1341 |
|
|
// AbstractExecutorService methods |
1342 |
|
|
|
1343 |
jsr166 |
1.11 |
/** |
1344 |
|
|
* @throws NullPointerException if the task is null |
1345 |
|
|
* @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be |
1346 |
|
|
* scheduled for execution |
1347 |
|
|
*/ |
1348 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
public void execute(Runnable task) { |
1349 |
jsr166 |
1.2 |
ForkJoinTask<?> job; |
1350 |
jsr166 |
1.3 |
if (task instanceof ForkJoinTask<?>) // avoid re-wrap |
1351 |
|
|
job = (ForkJoinTask<?>) task; |
1352 |
jsr166 |
1.2 |
else |
1353 |
jsr166 |
1.7 |
job = ForkJoinTask.adapt(task, null); |
1354 |
jsr166 |
1.2 |
doSubmit(job); |
1355 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1356 |
|
|
|
1357 |
jsr166 |
1.11 |
/** |
1358 |
|
|
* @throws NullPointerException if the task is null |
1359 |
|
|
* @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be |
1360 |
|
|
* scheduled for execution |
1361 |
|
|
*/ |
1362 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
public <T> ForkJoinTask<T> submit(Callable<T> task) { |
1363 |
jsr166 |
1.7 |
ForkJoinTask<T> job = ForkJoinTask.adapt(task); |
1364 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
doSubmit(job); |
1365 |
|
|
return job; |
1366 |
|
|
} |
1367 |
|
|
|
1368 |
jsr166 |
1.11 |
/** |
1369 |
|
|
* @throws NullPointerException if the task is null |
1370 |
|
|
* @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be |
1371 |
|
|
* scheduled for execution |
1372 |
|
|
*/ |
1373 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
public <T> ForkJoinTask<T> submit(Runnable task, T result) { |
1374 |
jsr166 |
1.7 |
ForkJoinTask<T> job = ForkJoinTask.adapt(task, result); |
1375 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
doSubmit(job); |
1376 |
|
|
return job; |
1377 |
|
|
} |
1378 |
|
|
|
1379 |
jsr166 |
1.11 |
/** |
1380 |
|
|
* @throws NullPointerException if the task is null |
1381 |
|
|
* @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be |
1382 |
|
|
* scheduled for execution |
1383 |
|
|
*/ |
1384 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
public ForkJoinTask<?> submit(Runnable task) { |
1385 |
jsr166 |
1.2 |
ForkJoinTask<?> job; |
1386 |
jsr166 |
1.3 |
if (task instanceof ForkJoinTask<?>) // avoid re-wrap |
1387 |
|
|
job = (ForkJoinTask<?>) task; |
1388 |
jsr166 |
1.2 |
else |
1389 |
jsr166 |
1.7 |
job = ForkJoinTask.adapt(task, null); |
1390 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
doSubmit(job); |
1391 |
|
|
return job; |
1392 |
|
|
} |
1393 |
|
|
|
1394 |
|
|
/** |
1395 |
jsr166 |
1.2 |
* Submits a ForkJoinTask for execution. |
1396 |
|
|
* |
1397 |
|
|
* @param task the task to submit |
1398 |
|
|
* @return the task |
1399 |
jsr166 |
1.11 |
* @throws NullPointerException if the task is null |
1400 |
jsr166 |
1.2 |
* @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be |
1401 |
|
|
* scheduled for execution |
1402 |
|
|
*/ |
1403 |
|
|
public <T> ForkJoinTask<T> submit(ForkJoinTask<T> task) { |
1404 |
|
|
doSubmit(task); |
1405 |
|
|
return task; |
1406 |
|
|
} |
1407 |
|
|
|
1408 |
jsr166 |
1.11 |
/** |
1409 |
|
|
* @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} |
1410 |
|
|
* @throws RejectedExecutionException {@inheritDoc} |
1411 |
|
|
*/ |
1412 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
public <T> List<Future<T>> invokeAll(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks) { |
1413 |
|
|
ArrayList<ForkJoinTask<T>> forkJoinTasks = |
1414 |
|
|
new ArrayList<ForkJoinTask<T>>(tasks.size()); |
1415 |
|
|
for (Callable<T> task : tasks) |
1416 |
jsr166 |
1.7 |
forkJoinTasks.add(ForkJoinTask.adapt(task)); |
1417 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
invoke(new InvokeAll<T>(forkJoinTasks)); |
1418 |
|
|
|
1419 |
|
|
@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"}) |
1420 |
dl |
1.15 |
List<Future<T>> futures = (List<Future<T>>) (List) forkJoinTasks; |
1421 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
return futures; |
1422 |
|
|
} |
1423 |
|
|
|
1424 |
|
|
static final class InvokeAll<T> extends RecursiveAction { |
1425 |
|
|
final ArrayList<ForkJoinTask<T>> tasks; |
1426 |
|
|
InvokeAll(ArrayList<ForkJoinTask<T>> tasks) { this.tasks = tasks; } |
1427 |
|
|
public void compute() { |
1428 |
|
|
try { invokeAll(tasks); } |
1429 |
|
|
catch (Exception ignore) {} |
1430 |
|
|
} |
1431 |
|
|
private static final long serialVersionUID = -7914297376763021607L; |
1432 |
|
|
} |
1433 |
|
|
|
1434 |
|
|
/** |
1435 |
|
|
* Returns the factory used for constructing new workers. |
1436 |
|
|
* |
1437 |
|
|
* @return the factory used for constructing new workers |
1438 |
|
|
*/ |
1439 |
|
|
public ForkJoinWorkerThreadFactory getFactory() { |
1440 |
|
|
return factory; |
1441 |
|
|
} |
1442 |
|
|
|
1443 |
|
|
/** |
1444 |
|
|
* Returns the handler for internal worker threads that terminate |
1445 |
|
|
* due to unrecoverable errors encountered while executing tasks. |
1446 |
|
|
* |
1447 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* @return the handler, or {@code null} if none |
1448 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1449 |
|
|
public Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler getUncaughtExceptionHandler() { |
1450 |
dl |
1.14 |
workerCountReadFence(); |
1451 |
|
|
return ueh; |
1452 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1453 |
|
|
|
1454 |
|
|
/** |
1455 |
|
|
* Sets the handler for internal worker threads that terminate due |
1456 |
|
|
* to unrecoverable errors encountered while executing tasks. |
1457 |
|
|
* Unless set, the current default or ThreadGroup handler is used |
1458 |
|
|
* as handler. |
1459 |
|
|
* |
1460 |
|
|
* @param h the new handler |
1461 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* @return the old handler, or {@code null} if none |
1462 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and |
1463 |
|
|
* the caller is not permitted to modify threads |
1464 |
|
|
* because it does not hold {@link |
1465 |
|
|
* java.lang.RuntimePermission}{@code ("modifyThread")} |
1466 |
|
|
*/ |
1467 |
|
|
public Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler |
1468 |
|
|
setUncaughtExceptionHandler(Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler h) { |
1469 |
|
|
checkPermission(); |
1470 |
dl |
1.14 |
Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler old = ueh; |
1471 |
|
|
if (h != old) { |
1472 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
ueh = h; |
1473 |
dl |
1.17 |
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
1474 |
|
|
int nws = ws.length; |
1475 |
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < nws; ++i) { |
1476 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w = ws[i]; |
1477 |
dl |
1.14 |
if (w != null) |
1478 |
|
|
w.setUncaughtExceptionHandler(h); |
1479 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1480 |
|
|
} |
1481 |
|
|
return old; |
1482 |
|
|
} |
1483 |
|
|
|
1484 |
|
|
/** |
1485 |
|
|
* Sets the target parallelism level of this pool. |
1486 |
|
|
* |
1487 |
|
|
* @param parallelism the target parallelism |
1488 |
|
|
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if parallelism less than or |
1489 |
|
|
* equal to zero or greater than maximum size bounds |
1490 |
|
|
* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and |
1491 |
|
|
* the caller is not permitted to modify threads |
1492 |
|
|
* because it does not hold {@link |
1493 |
|
|
* java.lang.RuntimePermission}{@code ("modifyThread")} |
1494 |
|
|
*/ |
1495 |
|
|
public void setParallelism(int parallelism) { |
1496 |
|
|
checkPermission(); |
1497 |
|
|
if (parallelism <= 0 || parallelism > maxPoolSize) |
1498 |
|
|
throw new IllegalArgumentException(); |
1499 |
dl |
1.14 |
workerCountReadFence(); |
1500 |
|
|
int pc = this.parallelism; |
1501 |
|
|
if (pc != parallelism) { |
1502 |
|
|
this.parallelism = parallelism; |
1503 |
|
|
workerCountWriteFence(); |
1504 |
|
|
// Release spares. If too many, some will die after re-suspend |
1505 |
dl |
1.17 |
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
1506 |
|
|
int nws = ws.length; |
1507 |
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < nws; ++i) { |
1508 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w = ws[i]; |
1509 |
dl |
1.14 |
if (w != null && w.tryUnsuspend()) { |
1510 |
dl |
1.17 |
int c; |
1511 |
|
|
do {} while (!UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt |
1512 |
|
|
(this, workerCountsOffset, |
1513 |
|
|
c = workerCounts, c + ONE_RUNNING)); |
1514 |
dl |
1.14 |
LockSupport.unpark(w); |
1515 |
dl |
1.13 |
} |
1516 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1517 |
dl |
1.14 |
ensureEnoughTotalWorkers(); |
1518 |
|
|
advanceEventCount(); |
1519 |
|
|
releaseWaiters(); // force config recheck by existing workers |
1520 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1521 |
|
|
} |
1522 |
|
|
|
1523 |
|
|
/** |
1524 |
jsr166 |
1.9 |
* Returns the targeted parallelism level of this pool. |
1525 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1526 |
jsr166 |
1.9 |
* @return the targeted parallelism level of this pool |
1527 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1528 |
|
|
public int getParallelism() { |
1529 |
dl |
1.14 |
// workerCountReadFence(); // inlined below |
1530 |
|
|
int ignore = workerCounts; |
1531 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
return parallelism; |
1532 |
|
|
} |
1533 |
|
|
|
1534 |
|
|
/** |
1535 |
|
|
* Returns the number of worker threads that have started but not |
1536 |
|
|
* yet terminated. This result returned by this method may differ |
1537 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* from {@link #getParallelism} when threads are created to |
1538 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* maintain parallelism when others are cooperatively blocked. |
1539 |
|
|
* |
1540 |
|
|
* @return the number of worker threads |
1541 |
|
|
*/ |
1542 |
|
|
public int getPoolSize() { |
1543 |
dl |
1.14 |
return workerCounts >>> TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT; |
1544 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1545 |
|
|
|
1546 |
|
|
/** |
1547 |
|
|
* Returns the maximum number of threads allowed to exist in the |
1548 |
jsr166 |
1.10 |
* pool. Unless set using {@link #setMaximumPoolSize}, the |
1549 |
jsr166 |
1.9 |
* maximum is an implementation-defined value designed only to |
1550 |
|
|
* prevent runaway growth. |
1551 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1552 |
|
|
* @return the maximum |
1553 |
|
|
*/ |
1554 |
|
|
public int getMaximumPoolSize() { |
1555 |
dl |
1.14 |
workerCountReadFence(); |
1556 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
return maxPoolSize; |
1557 |
|
|
} |
1558 |
|
|
|
1559 |
|
|
/** |
1560 |
|
|
* Sets the maximum number of threads allowed to exist in the |
1561 |
jsr166 |
1.10 |
* pool. The given value should normally be greater than or equal |
1562 |
|
|
* to the {@link #getParallelism parallelism} level. Setting this |
1563 |
|
|
* value has no effect on current pool size. It controls |
1564 |
dl |
1.15 |
* construction of new threads. The use of this method may cause |
1565 |
|
|
* tasks that intrinsically require extra threads for dependent |
1566 |
|
|
* computations to indefinitely stall. If you are instead trying |
1567 |
dl |
1.16 |
* to minimize internal thread creation, consider setting {@link |
1568 |
dl |
1.15 |
* #setMaintainsParallelism} as false. |
1569 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1570 |
jsr166 |
1.8 |
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if negative or greater than |
1571 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* internal implementation limit |
1572 |
|
|
*/ |
1573 |
|
|
public void setMaximumPoolSize(int newMax) { |
1574 |
|
|
if (newMax < 0 || newMax > MAX_THREADS) |
1575 |
|
|
throw new IllegalArgumentException(); |
1576 |
|
|
maxPoolSize = newMax; |
1577 |
dl |
1.14 |
workerCountWriteFence(); |
1578 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1579 |
|
|
|
1580 |
|
|
/** |
1581 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* Returns {@code true} if this pool dynamically maintains its |
1582 |
|
|
* target parallelism level. If false, new threads are added only |
1583 |
|
|
* to avoid possible starvation. This setting is by default true. |
1584 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1585 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* @return {@code true} if maintains parallelism |
1586 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1587 |
|
|
public boolean getMaintainsParallelism() { |
1588 |
dl |
1.14 |
workerCountReadFence(); |
1589 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
return maintainsParallelism; |
1590 |
|
|
} |
1591 |
|
|
|
1592 |
|
|
/** |
1593 |
|
|
* Sets whether this pool dynamically maintains its target |
1594 |
|
|
* parallelism level. If false, new threads are added only to |
1595 |
|
|
* avoid possible starvation. |
1596 |
|
|
* |
1597 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* @param enable {@code true} to maintain parallelism |
1598 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1599 |
|
|
public void setMaintainsParallelism(boolean enable) { |
1600 |
|
|
maintainsParallelism = enable; |
1601 |
dl |
1.14 |
workerCountWriteFence(); |
1602 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1603 |
|
|
|
1604 |
|
|
/** |
1605 |
|
|
* Establishes local first-in-first-out scheduling mode for forked |
1606 |
|
|
* tasks that are never joined. This mode may be more appropriate |
1607 |
|
|
* than default locally stack-based mode in applications in which |
1608 |
|
|
* worker threads only process asynchronous tasks. This method is |
1609 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* designed to be invoked only when the pool is quiescent, and |
1610 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* typically only before any tasks are submitted. The effects of |
1611 |
|
|
* invocations at other times may be unpredictable. |
1612 |
|
|
* |
1613 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* @param async if {@code true}, use locally FIFO scheduling |
1614 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* @return the previous mode |
1615 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* @see #getAsyncMode |
1616 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1617 |
|
|
public boolean setAsyncMode(boolean async) { |
1618 |
dl |
1.14 |
workerCountReadFence(); |
1619 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
boolean oldMode = locallyFifo; |
1620 |
dl |
1.14 |
if (oldMode != async) { |
1621 |
|
|
locallyFifo = async; |
1622 |
|
|
workerCountWriteFence(); |
1623 |
dl |
1.17 |
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
1624 |
|
|
int nws = ws.length; |
1625 |
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < nws; ++i) { |
1626 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w = ws[i]; |
1627 |
dl |
1.14 |
if (w != null) |
1628 |
|
|
w.setAsyncMode(async); |
1629 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1630 |
|
|
} |
1631 |
|
|
return oldMode; |
1632 |
|
|
} |
1633 |
|
|
|
1634 |
|
|
/** |
1635 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* Returns {@code true} if this pool uses local first-in-first-out |
1636 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* scheduling mode for forked tasks that are never joined. |
1637 |
|
|
* |
1638 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* @return {@code true} if this pool uses async mode |
1639 |
|
|
* @see #setAsyncMode |
1640 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1641 |
|
|
public boolean getAsyncMode() { |
1642 |
dl |
1.14 |
workerCountReadFence(); |
1643 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
return locallyFifo; |
1644 |
|
|
} |
1645 |
|
|
|
1646 |
|
|
/** |
1647 |
|
|
* Returns an estimate of the number of worker threads that are |
1648 |
|
|
* not blocked waiting to join tasks or for other managed |
1649 |
dl |
1.14 |
* synchronization. This method may overestimate the |
1650 |
|
|
* number of running threads. |
1651 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1652 |
|
|
* @return the number of worker threads |
1653 |
|
|
*/ |
1654 |
|
|
public int getRunningThreadCount() { |
1655 |
dl |
1.14 |
return workerCounts & RUNNING_COUNT_MASK; |
1656 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1657 |
|
|
|
1658 |
|
|
/** |
1659 |
|
|
* Returns an estimate of the number of threads that are currently |
1660 |
|
|
* stealing or executing tasks. This method may overestimate the |
1661 |
|
|
* number of active threads. |
1662 |
|
|
* |
1663 |
|
|
* @return the number of active threads |
1664 |
|
|
*/ |
1665 |
|
|
public int getActiveThreadCount() { |
1666 |
dl |
1.14 |
return runState & ACTIVE_COUNT_MASK; |
1667 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1668 |
|
|
|
1669 |
|
|
/** |
1670 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* Returns {@code true} if all worker threads are currently idle. |
1671 |
|
|
* An idle worker is one that cannot obtain a task to execute |
1672 |
|
|
* because none are available to steal from other threads, and |
1673 |
|
|
* there are no pending submissions to the pool. This method is |
1674 |
|
|
* conservative; it might not return {@code true} immediately upon |
1675 |
|
|
* idleness of all threads, but will eventually become true if |
1676 |
|
|
* threads remain inactive. |
1677 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1678 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* @return {@code true} if all threads are currently idle |
1679 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1680 |
|
|
public boolean isQuiescent() { |
1681 |
dl |
1.14 |
return (runState & ACTIVE_COUNT_MASK) == 0; |
1682 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1683 |
|
|
|
1684 |
|
|
/** |
1685 |
|
|
* Returns an estimate of the total number of tasks stolen from |
1686 |
|
|
* one thread's work queue by another. The reported value |
1687 |
|
|
* underestimates the actual total number of steals when the pool |
1688 |
|
|
* is not quiescent. This value may be useful for monitoring and |
1689 |
|
|
* tuning fork/join programs: in general, steal counts should be |
1690 |
|
|
* high enough to keep threads busy, but low enough to avoid |
1691 |
|
|
* overhead and contention across threads. |
1692 |
|
|
* |
1693 |
|
|
* @return the number of steals |
1694 |
|
|
*/ |
1695 |
|
|
public long getStealCount() { |
1696 |
dl |
1.14 |
return stealCount; |
1697 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1698 |
|
|
|
1699 |
|
|
/** |
1700 |
|
|
* Returns an estimate of the total number of tasks currently held |
1701 |
|
|
* in queues by worker threads (but not including tasks submitted |
1702 |
|
|
* to the pool that have not begun executing). This value is only |
1703 |
|
|
* an approximation, obtained by iterating across all threads in |
1704 |
|
|
* the pool. This method may be useful for tuning task |
1705 |
|
|
* granularities. |
1706 |
|
|
* |
1707 |
|
|
* @return the number of queued tasks |
1708 |
|
|
*/ |
1709 |
|
|
public long getQueuedTaskCount() { |
1710 |
|
|
long count = 0; |
1711 |
dl |
1.17 |
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
1712 |
|
|
int nws = ws.length; |
1713 |
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < nws; ++i) { |
1714 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w = ws[i]; |
1715 |
dl |
1.14 |
if (w != null) |
1716 |
|
|
count += w.getQueueSize(); |
1717 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1718 |
|
|
return count; |
1719 |
|
|
} |
1720 |
|
|
|
1721 |
|
|
/** |
1722 |
jsr166 |
1.8 |
* Returns an estimate of the number of tasks submitted to this |
1723 |
|
|
* pool that have not yet begun executing. This method takes time |
1724 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* proportional to the number of submissions. |
1725 |
|
|
* |
1726 |
|
|
* @return the number of queued submissions |
1727 |
|
|
*/ |
1728 |
|
|
public int getQueuedSubmissionCount() { |
1729 |
|
|
return submissionQueue.size(); |
1730 |
|
|
} |
1731 |
|
|
|
1732 |
|
|
/** |
1733 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* Returns {@code true} if there are any tasks submitted to this |
1734 |
|
|
* pool that have not yet begun executing. |
1735 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1736 |
|
|
* @return {@code true} if there are any queued submissions |
1737 |
|
|
*/ |
1738 |
|
|
public boolean hasQueuedSubmissions() { |
1739 |
|
|
return !submissionQueue.isEmpty(); |
1740 |
|
|
} |
1741 |
|
|
|
1742 |
|
|
/** |
1743 |
|
|
* Removes and returns the next unexecuted submission if one is |
1744 |
|
|
* available. This method may be useful in extensions to this |
1745 |
|
|
* class that re-assign work in systems with multiple pools. |
1746 |
|
|
* |
1747 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* @return the next submission, or {@code null} if none |
1748 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1749 |
|
|
protected ForkJoinTask<?> pollSubmission() { |
1750 |
|
|
return submissionQueue.poll(); |
1751 |
|
|
} |
1752 |
|
|
|
1753 |
|
|
/** |
1754 |
|
|
* Removes all available unexecuted submitted and forked tasks |
1755 |
|
|
* from scheduling queues and adds them to the given collection, |
1756 |
|
|
* without altering their execution status. These may include |
1757 |
jsr166 |
1.8 |
* artificially generated or wrapped tasks. This method is |
1758 |
|
|
* designed to be invoked only when the pool is known to be |
1759 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* quiescent. Invocations at other times may not remove all |
1760 |
|
|
* tasks. A failure encountered while attempting to add elements |
1761 |
|
|
* to collection {@code c} may result in elements being in |
1762 |
|
|
* neither, either or both collections when the associated |
1763 |
|
|
* exception is thrown. The behavior of this operation is |
1764 |
|
|
* undefined if the specified collection is modified while the |
1765 |
|
|
* operation is in progress. |
1766 |
|
|
* |
1767 |
|
|
* @param c the collection to transfer elements into |
1768 |
|
|
* @return the number of elements transferred |
1769 |
|
|
*/ |
1770 |
jsr166 |
1.5 |
protected int drainTasksTo(Collection<? super ForkJoinTask<?>> c) { |
1771 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
int n = submissionQueue.drainTo(c); |
1772 |
dl |
1.17 |
ForkJoinWorkerThread[] ws = workers; |
1773 |
|
|
int nws = ws.length; |
1774 |
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < nws; ++i) { |
1775 |
|
|
ForkJoinWorkerThread w = ws[i]; |
1776 |
dl |
1.14 |
if (w != null) |
1777 |
|
|
n += w.drainTasksTo(c); |
1778 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1779 |
|
|
return n; |
1780 |
|
|
} |
1781 |
|
|
|
1782 |
|
|
/** |
1783 |
|
|
* Returns a string identifying this pool, as well as its state, |
1784 |
|
|
* including indications of run state, parallelism level, and |
1785 |
|
|
* worker and task counts. |
1786 |
|
|
* |
1787 |
|
|
* @return a string identifying this pool, as well as its state |
1788 |
|
|
*/ |
1789 |
|
|
public String toString() { |
1790 |
|
|
long st = getStealCount(); |
1791 |
|
|
long qt = getQueuedTaskCount(); |
1792 |
|
|
long qs = getQueuedSubmissionCount(); |
1793 |
dl |
1.14 |
int wc = workerCounts; |
1794 |
|
|
int tc = wc >>> TOTAL_COUNT_SHIFT; |
1795 |
|
|
int rc = wc & RUNNING_COUNT_MASK; |
1796 |
|
|
int pc = parallelism; |
1797 |
|
|
int rs = runState; |
1798 |
|
|
int ac = rs & ACTIVE_COUNT_MASK; |
1799 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
return super.toString() + |
1800 |
dl |
1.14 |
"[" + runLevelToString(rs) + |
1801 |
|
|
", parallelism = " + pc + |
1802 |
|
|
", size = " + tc + |
1803 |
|
|
", active = " + ac + |
1804 |
|
|
", running = " + rc + |
1805 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
", steals = " + st + |
1806 |
|
|
", tasks = " + qt + |
1807 |
|
|
", submissions = " + qs + |
1808 |
|
|
"]"; |
1809 |
|
|
} |
1810 |
|
|
|
1811 |
dl |
1.14 |
private static String runLevelToString(int s) { |
1812 |
|
|
return ((s & TERMINATED) != 0 ? "Terminated" : |
1813 |
|
|
((s & TERMINATING) != 0 ? "Terminating" : |
1814 |
|
|
((s & SHUTDOWN) != 0 ? "Shutting down" : |
1815 |
|
|
"Running"))); |
1816 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1817 |
|
|
|
1818 |
|
|
/** |
1819 |
|
|
* Initiates an orderly shutdown in which previously submitted |
1820 |
|
|
* tasks are executed, but no new tasks will be accepted. |
1821 |
|
|
* Invocation has no additional effect if already shut down. |
1822 |
|
|
* Tasks that are in the process of being submitted concurrently |
1823 |
|
|
* during the course of this method may or may not be rejected. |
1824 |
|
|
* |
1825 |
|
|
* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and |
1826 |
|
|
* the caller is not permitted to modify threads |
1827 |
|
|
* because it does not hold {@link |
1828 |
|
|
* java.lang.RuntimePermission}{@code ("modifyThread")} |
1829 |
|
|
*/ |
1830 |
|
|
public void shutdown() { |
1831 |
|
|
checkPermission(); |
1832 |
dl |
1.14 |
advanceRunLevel(SHUTDOWN); |
1833 |
|
|
tryTerminate(false); |
1834 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1835 |
|
|
|
1836 |
|
|
/** |
1837 |
jsr166 |
1.9 |
* Attempts to cancel and/or stop all tasks, and reject all |
1838 |
|
|
* subsequently submitted tasks. Tasks that are in the process of |
1839 |
|
|
* being submitted or executed concurrently during the course of |
1840 |
|
|
* this method may or may not be rejected. This method cancels |
1841 |
|
|
* both existing and unexecuted tasks, in order to permit |
1842 |
|
|
* termination in the presence of task dependencies. So the method |
1843 |
|
|
* always returns an empty list (unlike the case for some other |
1844 |
|
|
* Executors). |
1845 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1846 |
|
|
* @return an empty list |
1847 |
|
|
* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and |
1848 |
|
|
* the caller is not permitted to modify threads |
1849 |
|
|
* because it does not hold {@link |
1850 |
|
|
* java.lang.RuntimePermission}{@code ("modifyThread")} |
1851 |
|
|
*/ |
1852 |
|
|
public List<Runnable> shutdownNow() { |
1853 |
|
|
checkPermission(); |
1854 |
dl |
1.14 |
tryTerminate(true); |
1855 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
return Collections.emptyList(); |
1856 |
|
|
} |
1857 |
|
|
|
1858 |
|
|
/** |
1859 |
|
|
* Returns {@code true} if all tasks have completed following shut down. |
1860 |
|
|
* |
1861 |
|
|
* @return {@code true} if all tasks have completed following shut down |
1862 |
|
|
*/ |
1863 |
|
|
public boolean isTerminated() { |
1864 |
dl |
1.14 |
return runState >= TERMINATED; |
1865 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1866 |
|
|
|
1867 |
|
|
/** |
1868 |
|
|
* Returns {@code true} if the process of termination has |
1869 |
jsr166 |
1.9 |
* commenced but not yet completed. This method may be useful for |
1870 |
|
|
* debugging. A return of {@code true} reported a sufficient |
1871 |
|
|
* period after shutdown may indicate that submitted tasks have |
1872 |
|
|
* ignored or suppressed interruption, causing this executor not |
1873 |
|
|
* to properly terminate. |
1874 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1875 |
jsr166 |
1.9 |
* @return {@code true} if terminating but not yet terminated |
1876 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1877 |
|
|
public boolean isTerminating() { |
1878 |
dl |
1.14 |
return (runState & (TERMINATING|TERMINATED)) == TERMINATING; |
1879 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1880 |
|
|
|
1881 |
|
|
/** |
1882 |
|
|
* Returns {@code true} if this pool has been shut down. |
1883 |
|
|
* |
1884 |
|
|
* @return {@code true} if this pool has been shut down |
1885 |
|
|
*/ |
1886 |
|
|
public boolean isShutdown() { |
1887 |
dl |
1.14 |
return runState >= SHUTDOWN; |
1888 |
jsr166 |
1.9 |
} |
1889 |
|
|
|
1890 |
|
|
/** |
1891 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* Blocks until all tasks have completed execution after a shutdown |
1892 |
|
|
* request, or the timeout occurs, or the current thread is |
1893 |
|
|
* interrupted, whichever happens first. |
1894 |
|
|
* |
1895 |
|
|
* @param timeout the maximum time to wait |
1896 |
|
|
* @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument |
1897 |
|
|
* @return {@code true} if this executor terminated and |
1898 |
|
|
* {@code false} if the timeout elapsed before termination |
1899 |
|
|
* @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting |
1900 |
|
|
*/ |
1901 |
|
|
public boolean awaitTermination(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) |
1902 |
|
|
throws InterruptedException { |
1903 |
dl |
1.14 |
return terminationLatch.await(timeout, unit); |
1904 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1905 |
|
|
|
1906 |
|
|
/** |
1907 |
|
|
* Interface for extending managed parallelism for tasks running |
1908 |
jsr166 |
1.8 |
* in {@link ForkJoinPool}s. |
1909 |
|
|
* |
1910 |
|
|
* <p>A {@code ManagedBlocker} provides two methods. |
1911 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* Method {@code isReleasable} must return {@code true} if |
1912 |
|
|
* blocking is not necessary. Method {@code block} blocks the |
1913 |
|
|
* current thread if necessary (perhaps internally invoking |
1914 |
jsr166 |
1.8 |
* {@code isReleasable} before actually blocking). |
1915 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1916 |
|
|
* <p>For example, here is a ManagedBlocker based on a |
1917 |
|
|
* ReentrantLock: |
1918 |
|
|
* <pre> {@code |
1919 |
|
|
* class ManagedLocker implements ManagedBlocker { |
1920 |
|
|
* final ReentrantLock lock; |
1921 |
|
|
* boolean hasLock = false; |
1922 |
|
|
* ManagedLocker(ReentrantLock lock) { this.lock = lock; } |
1923 |
|
|
* public boolean block() { |
1924 |
|
|
* if (!hasLock) |
1925 |
|
|
* lock.lock(); |
1926 |
|
|
* return true; |
1927 |
|
|
* } |
1928 |
|
|
* public boolean isReleasable() { |
1929 |
|
|
* return hasLock || (hasLock = lock.tryLock()); |
1930 |
|
|
* } |
1931 |
|
|
* }}</pre> |
1932 |
|
|
*/ |
1933 |
|
|
public static interface ManagedBlocker { |
1934 |
|
|
/** |
1935 |
|
|
* Possibly blocks the current thread, for example waiting for |
1936 |
|
|
* a lock or condition. |
1937 |
|
|
* |
1938 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* @return {@code true} if no additional blocking is necessary |
1939 |
|
|
* (i.e., if isReleasable would return true) |
1940 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting |
1941 |
|
|
* (the method is not required to do so, but is allowed to) |
1942 |
|
|
*/ |
1943 |
|
|
boolean block() throws InterruptedException; |
1944 |
|
|
|
1945 |
|
|
/** |
1946 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* Returns {@code true} if blocking is unnecessary. |
1947 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
*/ |
1948 |
|
|
boolean isReleasable(); |
1949 |
|
|
} |
1950 |
|
|
|
1951 |
|
|
/** |
1952 |
|
|
* Blocks in accord with the given blocker. If the current thread |
1953 |
jsr166 |
1.8 |
* is a {@link ForkJoinWorkerThread}, this method possibly |
1954 |
|
|
* arranges for a spare thread to be activated if necessary to |
1955 |
|
|
* ensure parallelism while the current thread is blocked. |
1956 |
|
|
* |
1957 |
|
|
* <p>If {@code maintainParallelism} is {@code true} and the pool |
1958 |
|
|
* supports it ({@link #getMaintainsParallelism}), this method |
1959 |
|
|
* attempts to maintain the pool's nominal parallelism. Otherwise |
1960 |
|
|
* it activates a thread only if necessary to avoid complete |
1961 |
|
|
* starvation. This option may be preferable when blockages use |
1962 |
|
|
* timeouts, or are almost always brief. |
1963 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1964 |
jsr166 |
1.8 |
* <p>If the caller is not a {@link ForkJoinTask}, this method is |
1965 |
|
|
* behaviorally equivalent to |
1966 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* <pre> {@code |
1967 |
|
|
* while (!blocker.isReleasable()) |
1968 |
|
|
* if (blocker.block()) |
1969 |
|
|
* return; |
1970 |
|
|
* }</pre> |
1971 |
jsr166 |
1.8 |
* |
1972 |
|
|
* If the caller is a {@code ForkJoinTask}, then the pool may |
1973 |
|
|
* first be expanded to ensure parallelism, and later adjusted. |
1974 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* |
1975 |
|
|
* @param blocker the blocker |
1976 |
jsr166 |
1.4 |
* @param maintainParallelism if {@code true} and supported by |
1977 |
|
|
* this pool, attempt to maintain the pool's nominal parallelism; |
1978 |
|
|
* otherwise activate a thread only if necessary to avoid |
1979 |
|
|
* complete starvation. |
1980 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
* @throws InterruptedException if blocker.block did so |
1981 |
|
|
*/ |
1982 |
|
|
public static void managedBlock(ManagedBlocker blocker, |
1983 |
|
|
boolean maintainParallelism) |
1984 |
|
|
throws InterruptedException { |
1985 |
|
|
Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); |
1986 |
dl |
1.14 |
if (t instanceof ForkJoinWorkerThread) |
1987 |
|
|
((ForkJoinWorkerThread) t).pool. |
1988 |
dl |
1.17 |
awaitBlocker(blocker, maintainParallelism); |
1989 |
dl |
1.14 |
else |
1990 |
|
|
awaitBlocker(blocker); |
1991 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
1992 |
|
|
|
1993 |
dl |
1.14 |
/** |
1994 |
|
|
* Performs Non-FJ blocking |
1995 |
|
|
*/ |
1996 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
private static void awaitBlocker(ManagedBlocker blocker) |
1997 |
|
|
throws InterruptedException { |
1998 |
|
|
do {} while (!blocker.isReleasable() && !blocker.block()); |
1999 |
|
|
} |
2000 |
|
|
|
2001 |
jsr166 |
1.7 |
// AbstractExecutorService overrides. These rely on undocumented |
2002 |
|
|
// fact that ForkJoinTask.adapt returns ForkJoinTasks that also |
2003 |
|
|
// implement RunnableFuture. |
2004 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
|
2005 |
|
|
protected <T> RunnableFuture<T> newTaskFor(Runnable runnable, T value) { |
2006 |
jsr166 |
1.7 |
return (RunnableFuture<T>) ForkJoinTask.adapt(runnable, value); |
2007 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
2008 |
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
protected <T> RunnableFuture<T> newTaskFor(Callable<T> callable) { |
2010 |
jsr166 |
1.7 |
return (RunnableFuture<T>) ForkJoinTask.adapt(callable); |
2011 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |
2012 |
|
|
|
2013 |
|
|
// Unsafe mechanics |
2014 |
|
|
|
2015 |
|
|
private static final sun.misc.Unsafe UNSAFE = sun.misc.Unsafe.getUnsafe(); |
2016 |
dl |
1.14 |
private static final long workerCountsOffset = |
2017 |
|
|
objectFieldOffset("workerCounts", ForkJoinPool.class); |
2018 |
|
|
private static final long runStateOffset = |
2019 |
|
|
objectFieldOffset("runState", ForkJoinPool.class); |
2020 |
jsr166 |
1.2 |
private static final long eventCountOffset = |
2021 |
jsr166 |
1.3 |
objectFieldOffset("eventCount", ForkJoinPool.class); |
2022 |
dl |
1.14 |
private static final long eventWaitersOffset = |
2023 |
|
|
objectFieldOffset("eventWaiters",ForkJoinPool.class); |
2024 |
|
|
private static final long stealCountOffset = |
2025 |
|
|
objectFieldOffset("stealCount",ForkJoinPool.class); |
2026 |
|
|
|
2027 |
jsr166 |
1.3 |
|
2028 |
|
|
private static long objectFieldOffset(String field, Class<?> klazz) { |
2029 |
|
|
try { |
2030 |
|
|
return UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset(klazz.getDeclaredField(field)); |
2031 |
|
|
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) { |
2032 |
|
|
// Convert Exception to corresponding Error |
2033 |
|
|
NoSuchFieldError error = new NoSuchFieldError(field); |
2034 |
|
|
error.initCause(e); |
2035 |
|
|
throw error; |
2036 |
|
|
} |
2037 |
|
|
} |
2038 |
jsr166 |
1.1 |
} |