--- jsr166/src/test/tck/CompletableFutureTest.java	2014/06/01 23:51:44	1.38
+++ jsr166/src/test/tck/CompletableFutureTest.java	2014/06/02 17:41:22	1.46
@@ -247,6 +247,8 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         f = new CompletableFuture<>();
         f.obtrudeValue(three);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, three);
+        f.obtrudeValue(null);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, null);
         f = new CompletableFuture<>();
         f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
         f.obtrudeValue(four);
@@ -279,16 +281,16 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
      */
     public void testGetNumberOfDependents() {
         CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        assertEquals(f.getNumberOfDependents(), 0);
+        assertEquals(0, f.getNumberOfDependents());
         CompletableFuture g = f.thenRun(new Noop());
-        assertEquals(f.getNumberOfDependents(), 1);
-        assertEquals(g.getNumberOfDependents(), 0);
+        assertEquals(1, f.getNumberOfDependents());
+        assertEquals(0, g.getNumberOfDependents());
         CompletableFuture h = f.thenRun(new Noop());
-        assertEquals(f.getNumberOfDependents(), 2);
+        assertEquals(2, f.getNumberOfDependents());
         f.complete(1);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertEquals(f.getNumberOfDependents(), 0);
-        assertEquals(g.getNumberOfDependents(), 0);
+        assertEquals(0, f.getNumberOfDependents());
+        assertEquals(0, g.getNumberOfDependents());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -339,7 +341,6 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
     static final class IncAction implements Consumer<Integer> {
         int invocationCount = 0;
         Integer value;
-        public boolean ran() { return invocationCount == 1; }
         public void accept(Integer x) {
             invocationCount++;
             value = inc(x);
@@ -348,7 +349,6 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
     static final class IncFunction implements Function<Integer,Integer> {
         int invocationCount = 0;
         Integer value;
-        public boolean ran() { return invocationCount == 1; }
         public Integer apply(Integer x) {
             invocationCount++;
             return value = inc(x);
@@ -358,7 +358,6 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         int invocationCount = 0;
         Integer value;
         // Check this action was invoked exactly once when result is computed.
-        public boolean ran() { return invocationCount == 1; }
         public void accept(Integer x, Integer y) {
             invocationCount++;
             value = subtract(x, y);
@@ -368,58 +367,78 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         int invocationCount = 0;
         Integer value;
         // Check this action was invoked exactly once when result is computed.
-        public boolean ran() { return invocationCount == 1; }
         public Integer apply(Integer x, Integer y) {
             invocationCount++;
             return value = subtract(x, y);
         }
     }
     static final class Noop implements Runnable {
-        boolean ran;
-        public void run() { ran = true; }
+        int invocationCount = 0;
+        public void run() {
+            invocationCount++;
+        }
     }
 
     static final class FailingSupplier implements Supplier<Integer> {
-        boolean ran;
-        public Integer get() { ran = true; throw new CFException(); }
+        int invocationCount = 0;
+        public Integer get() {
+            invocationCount++;
+            throw new CFException();
+        }
     }
     static final class FailingConsumer implements Consumer<Integer> {
-        boolean ran;
-        public void accept(Integer x) { ran = true; throw new CFException(); }
+        int invocationCount = 0;
+        public void accept(Integer x) {
+            invocationCount++;
+            throw new CFException();
+        }
     }
     static final class FailingBiConsumer implements BiConsumer<Integer, Integer> {
-        boolean ran;
-        public void accept(Integer x, Integer y) { ran = true; throw new CFException(); }
+        int invocationCount = 0;
+        public void accept(Integer x, Integer y) {
+            invocationCount++;
+            throw new CFException();
+        }
     }
     static final class FailingFunction implements Function<Integer, Integer> {
-        boolean ran;
-        public Integer apply(Integer x) { ran = true; throw new CFException(); }
+        int invocationCount = 0;
+        public Integer apply(Integer x) {
+            invocationCount++;
+            throw new CFException();
+        }
     }
     static final class FailingBiFunction implements BiFunction<Integer, Integer, Integer> {
-        boolean ran;
-        public Integer apply(Integer x, Integer y) { ran = true; throw new CFException(); }
+        int invocationCount = 0;
+        public Integer apply(Integer x, Integer y) {
+            invocationCount++;
+            throw new CFException();
+        }
     }
     static final class FailingNoop implements Runnable {
-        boolean ran;
-        public void run() { ran = true; throw new CFException(); }
+        int invocationCount = 0;
+        public void run() {
+            invocationCount++;
+            throw new CFException();
+        }
     }
 
     static final class CompletableFutureInc
         implements Function<Integer, CompletableFuture<Integer>> {
-        boolean ran;
+        int invocationCount = 0;
         public CompletableFuture<Integer> apply(Integer x) {
-            ran = true;
+            invocationCount++;
             CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-            f.complete(Integer.valueOf(x.intValue() + 1));
+            f.complete(inc(x));
             return f;
         }
     }
 
     static final class FailingCompletableFutureFunction
         implements Function<Integer, CompletableFuture<Integer>> {
-        boolean ran;
+        int invocationCount = 0;
         public CompletableFuture<Integer> apply(Integer x) {
-            ran = true; throw new CFException();
+            invocationCount++;
+            throw new CFException();
         }
     }
 
@@ -433,24 +452,39 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         }
     }
 
-    static final class ExceptionToInteger implements Function<Throwable, Integer> {
-        public Integer apply(Throwable x) { return Integer.valueOf(3); }
-    }
-
-    static final class IntegerHandler implements BiFunction<Integer, Throwable, Integer> {
-        boolean ran;
-        public Integer apply(Integer x, Throwable t) {
-            ran = true;
-            return (t == null) ? two : three;
-        }
-    }
-
     /**
      * Permits the testing of parallel code for the 3 different
      * execution modes without repeating all the testing code.
      */
     enum ExecutionMode {
         DEFAULT {
+            public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> thenRun
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f, Runnable a) {
+                return f.thenRun(a);
+            }
+            public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> thenAccept
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f, Consumer<? super T> a) {
+                return f.thenAccept(a);
+            }
+            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> thenApply
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f, Function<? super T,U> a) {
+                return f.thenApply(a);
+            }
+            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> thenCompose
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f,
+                 Function<? super T,? extends CompletionStage<U>> a) {
+                return f.thenCompose(a);
+            }
+            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> handle
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f,
+                 BiFunction<? super T,Throwable,? extends U> a) {
+                return f.handle(a);
+            }
+            public <T> CompletableFuture<T> whenComplete
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f,
+                 BiConsumer<? super T,? super Throwable> a) {
+                return f.whenComplete(a);
+            }
             public <T,U> CompletableFuture<Void> runAfterBoth
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f, CompletableFuture<U> g, Runnable a) {
                 return f.runAfterBoth(g, a);
@@ -467,11 +501,11 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
                  BiFunction<? super T,? super U,? extends V> a) {
                 return f.thenCombine(g, a);
             }
-            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> applyToEither
+            public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> runAfterEither
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-                 CompletionStage<? extends T> g,
-                 Function<? super T,U> a) {
-                return f.applyToEither(g, a);
+                 CompletionStage<?> g,
+                 java.lang.Runnable a) {
+                return f.runAfterEither(g, a);
             }
             public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> acceptEither
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
@@ -479,39 +513,42 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
                  Consumer<? super T> a) {
                 return f.acceptEither(g, a);
             }
-            public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> runAfterEither
+            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> applyToEither
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-                 CompletionStage<?> g,
-                 java.lang.Runnable a) {
-                return f.runAfterEither(g, a);
+                 CompletionStage<? extends T> g,
+                 Function<? super T,U> a) {
+                return f.applyToEither(g, a);
+            }
+        },
+
+        DEFAULT_ASYNC {
+            public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> thenRun
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f, Runnable a) {
+                return f.thenRunAsync(a);
+            }
+            public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> thenAccept
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f, Consumer<? super T> a) {
+                return f.thenAcceptAsync(a);
+            }
+            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> thenApply
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f, Function<? super T,U> a) {
+                return f.thenApplyAsync(a);
             }
             public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> thenCompose
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
                  Function<? super T,? extends CompletionStage<U>> a) {
-                return f.thenCompose(a);
+                return f.thenComposeAsync(a);
+            }
+            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> handle
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f,
+                 BiFunction<? super T,Throwable,? extends U> a) {
+                return f.handleAsync(a);
             }
             public <T> CompletableFuture<T> whenComplete
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
                  BiConsumer<? super T,? super Throwable> a) {
-                return f.whenComplete(a);
+                return f.whenCompleteAsync(a);
             }
-        },
-
-//             /** Experimental way to do more testing */
-//         REVERSE_DEFAULT {
-//             public <T,U> CompletableFuture<Void> runAfterBoth
-//                 (CompletableFuture<T> f, CompletableFuture<U> g, Runnable a) {
-//                 return g.runAfterBoth(f, a);
-//             }
-//             public <T,U> CompletableFuture<Void> thenAcceptBoth
-//                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-//                  CompletionStage<? extends U> g,
-//                  BiConsumer<? super T,? super U> a) {
-//                 return DEFAULT.thenAcceptBoth(f, g, a);
-//             }
-//         },
-
-        DEFAULT_ASYNC {
             public <T,U> CompletableFuture<Void> runAfterBoth
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f, CompletableFuture<U> g, Runnable a) {
                 return f.runAfterBothAsync(g, a);
@@ -528,11 +565,11 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
                  BiFunction<? super T,? super U,? extends V> a) {
                 return f.thenCombineAsync(g, a);
             }
-            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> applyToEither
+            public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> runAfterEither
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-                 CompletionStage<? extends T> g,
-                 Function<? super T,U> a) {
-                return f.applyToEitherAsync(g, a);
+                 CompletionStage<?> g,
+                 java.lang.Runnable a) {
+                return f.runAfterEitherAsync(g, a);
             }
             public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> acceptEither
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
@@ -540,38 +577,42 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
                  Consumer<? super T> a) {
                 return f.acceptEitherAsync(g, a);
             }
-            public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> runAfterEither
+            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> applyToEither
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-                 CompletionStage<?> g,
-                 java.lang.Runnable a) {
-                return f.runAfterEitherAsync(g, a);
+                 CompletionStage<? extends T> g,
+                 Function<? super T,U> a) {
+                return f.applyToEitherAsync(g, a);
+            }
+        },
+
+        EXECUTOR {
+            public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> thenRun
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f, Runnable a) {
+                return f.thenRunAsync(a, new ThreadExecutor());
+            }
+            public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> thenAccept
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f, Consumer<? super T> a) {
+                return f.thenAcceptAsync(a, new ThreadExecutor());
+            }
+            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> thenApply
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f, Function<? super T,U> a) {
+                return f.thenApplyAsync(a, new ThreadExecutor());
             }
             public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> thenCompose
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
                  Function<? super T,? extends CompletionStage<U>> a) {
-                return f.thenComposeAsync(a);
+                return f.thenComposeAsync(a, new ThreadExecutor());
+            }
+            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> handle
+                (CompletableFuture<T> f,
+                 BiFunction<? super T,Throwable,? extends U> a) {
+                return f.handleAsync(a, new ThreadExecutor());
             }
             public <T> CompletableFuture<T> whenComplete
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
                  BiConsumer<? super T,? super Throwable> a) {
-                return f.whenCompleteAsync(a);
+                return f.whenCompleteAsync(a, new ThreadExecutor());
             }
-        },
-
-//         REVERSE_DEFAULT_ASYNC {
-//             public <T,U> CompletableFuture<Void> runAfterBoth
-//                 (CompletableFuture<T> f, CompletableFuture<U> g, Runnable a) {
-//                 return f.runAfterBothAsync(g, a);
-//             }
-//             public <T,U> CompletableFuture<Void> thenAcceptBoth
-//                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-//                  CompletionStage<? extends U> g,
-//                  BiConsumer<? super T,? super U> a) {
-//                 return DEFAULT_ASYNC.thenAcceptBoth(f, g, a);
-//             }
-//         },
-
-        EXECUTOR {
             public <T,U> CompletableFuture<Void> runAfterBoth
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f, CompletableFuture<U> g, Runnable a) {
                 return f.runAfterBothAsync(g, a, new ThreadExecutor());
@@ -588,36 +629,41 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
                  BiFunction<? super T,? super U,? extends V> a) {
                 return f.thenCombineAsync(g, a, new ThreadExecutor());
             }
-            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> applyToEither
-                (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-                 CompletionStage<? extends T> g,
-                 Function<? super T,U> a) {
-                return f.applyToEitherAsync(g, a, new ThreadExecutor());
-            }
-            public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> acceptEither
-                (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-                 CompletionStage<? extends T> g,
-                 Consumer<? super T> a) {
-                return f.acceptEitherAsync(g, a, new ThreadExecutor());
-            }
             public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> runAfterEither
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
                  CompletionStage<?> g,
                  java.lang.Runnable a) {
                 return f.runAfterEitherAsync(g, a, new ThreadExecutor());
             }
-            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> thenCompose
+            public <T> CompletableFuture<Void> acceptEither
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-                 Function<? super T,? extends CompletionStage<U>> a) {
-                return f.thenComposeAsync(a, new ThreadExecutor());
+                 CompletionStage<? extends T> g,
+                 Consumer<? super T> a) {
+                return f.acceptEitherAsync(g, a, new ThreadExecutor());
             }
-            public <T> CompletableFuture<T> whenComplete
+            public <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> applyToEither
                 (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-                 BiConsumer<? super T,? super Throwable> a) {
-                return f.whenCompleteAsync(a, new ThreadExecutor());
+                 CompletionStage<? extends T> g,
+                 Function<? super T,U> a) {
+                return f.applyToEitherAsync(g, a, new ThreadExecutor());
             }
         };
 
+        public abstract <T> CompletableFuture<Void> thenRun
+            (CompletableFuture<T> f, Runnable a);
+        public abstract <T> CompletableFuture<Void> thenAccept
+            (CompletableFuture<T> f, Consumer<? super T> a);
+        public abstract <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> thenApply
+            (CompletableFuture<T> f, Function<? super T,U> a);
+        public abstract <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> thenCompose
+            (CompletableFuture<T> f,
+             Function<? super T,? extends CompletionStage<U>> a);
+        public abstract <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> handle
+            (CompletableFuture<T> f,
+             BiFunction<? super T,Throwable,? extends U> a);
+        public abstract <T> CompletableFuture<T> whenComplete
+            (CompletableFuture<T> f,
+             BiConsumer<? super T,? super Throwable> a);
         public abstract <T,U> CompletableFuture<Void> runAfterBoth
             (CompletableFuture<T> f, CompletableFuture<U> g, Runnable a);
         public abstract <T,U> CompletableFuture<Void> thenAcceptBoth
@@ -628,80 +674,223 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
             (CompletableFuture<T> f,
              CompletionStage<? extends U> g,
              BiFunction<? super T,? super U,? extends V> a);
-        public abstract <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> applyToEither
-            (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-             CompletionStage<? extends T> g,
-             Function<? super T,U> a);
-        public abstract <T> CompletableFuture<Void> acceptEither
-            (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-             CompletionStage<? extends T> g,
-             Consumer<? super T> a);
         public abstract <T> CompletableFuture<Void> runAfterEither
             (CompletableFuture<T> f,
              CompletionStage<?> g,
              java.lang.Runnable a);
-        public abstract <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> thenCompose
+        public abstract <T> CompletableFuture<Void> acceptEither
             (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-             Function<? super T,? extends CompletionStage<U>> a);
-        public abstract <T> CompletableFuture<T> whenComplete
+             CompletionStage<? extends T> g,
+             Consumer<? super T> a);
+        public abstract <T,U> CompletableFuture<U> applyToEither
             (CompletableFuture<T> f,
-             BiConsumer<? super T,? super Throwable> a);
+             CompletionStage<? extends T> g,
+             Function<? super T,U> a);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * exceptionally action is not invoked when source completes
+     * normally, and source result is propagated
+     */
+    public void testExceptionally_normalCompletion() {
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+    {
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        if (!createIncomplete) f.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.exceptionally
+            ((Throwable t) -> {
+                // Should not be called
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+                throw new AssertionError();
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) f.complete(v1);
 
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        assertEquals(0, a.get());
+    }}
 
-    }
 
     /**
      * exceptionally action completes with function value on source
-     * exception; otherwise with source value
+     * exception
      */
-    public void testExceptionally() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        ExceptionToInteger r = new ExceptionToInteger();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.exceptionally(r);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, three);
+    public void testExceptionally_exceptionalCompletion() {
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+    {
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        if (!createIncomplete) f.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.exceptionally
+            ((Throwable t) -> {
+                threadAssertSame(t, ex);
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+                return v1;
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) f.completeExceptionally(ex);
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        r = new ExceptionToInteger();
-        g = f.exceptionally(r);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, one);
-    }
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        assertEquals(1, a.get());
+    }}
+
+    public void testExceptionally_exceptionalCompletionActionFailed() {
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+    {
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        final CFException ex1 = new CFException();
+        final CFException ex2 = new CFException();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        if (!createIncomplete) f.completeExceptionally(ex1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.exceptionally
+            ((Throwable t) -> {
+                threadAssertSame(t, ex1);
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+                throw ex2;
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) f.completeExceptionally(ex1);
+
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex2);
+        assertEquals(1, a.get());
+    }}
 
     /**
-     * handle action completes normally with function value on either
-     * normal or exceptional completion of source
+     * handle action completes normally with function value on normal
+     * completion of source
      */
-    public void testHandle() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f, g;
-        IntegerHandler r;
+    public void testHandle_normalCompletion() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+    {
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        if (!createIncomplete) f.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = m.handle
+            (f,
+             (Integer x, Throwable t) -> {
+                threadAssertSame(x, v1);
+                threadAssertNull(t);
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+                return inc(v1);
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) f.complete(v1);
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        g = f.handle(r = new IntegerHandler());
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, three);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, inc(v1));
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        assertEquals(1, a.get());
+    }}
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.handle(r = new IntegerHandler());
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, three);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+    /**
+     * handle action completes normally with function value on
+     * exceptional completion of source
+     */
+    public void testHandle_exceptionalCompletion() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+    {
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+        if (!createIncomplete) f.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = m.handle
+            (f,
+             (Integer x, Throwable t) -> {
+                threadAssertNull(x);
+                threadAssertSame(t, ex);
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+                return v1;
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) f.completeExceptionally(ex);
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        g = f.handle(r = new IntegerHandler());
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
+        assertEquals(1, a.get());
+    }}
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.handle(r = new IntegerHandler());
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
-        f.complete(one);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-    }
+    /**
+     * handle action completes normally with function value on
+     * cancelled source
+     */
+    public void testHandle_sourceCancelled() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+    {
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        if (!createIncomplete) assertTrue(f.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = m.handle
+            (f,
+             (Integer x, Throwable t) -> {
+                threadAssertNull(x);
+                threadAssertTrue(t instanceof CancellationException);
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+                return v1;
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) assertTrue(f.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        checkCancelled(f);
+        assertEquals(1, a.get());
+    }}
+
+    /**
+     * handle result completes exceptionally if action does
+     */
+    public void testHandle_sourceFailedActionFailed() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+    {
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        final CFException ex1 = new CFException();
+        final CFException ex2 = new CFException();
+        if (!createIncomplete) f.completeExceptionally(ex1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = m.handle
+            (f,
+             (Integer x, Throwable t) -> {
+                threadAssertNull(x);
+                threadAssertSame(ex1, t);
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+                throw ex2;
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) f.completeExceptionally(ex1);
+
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex2);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex1);
+        assertEquals(1, a.get());
+    }}
+
+    public void testHandle_sourceCompletedNormallyActionFailed() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+    {
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+        if (!createIncomplete) f.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = m.handle
+            (f,
+             (Integer x, Throwable t) -> {
+                threadAssertSame(x, v1);
+                threadAssertNull(t);
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+                throw ex;
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) f.complete(v1);
+
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        assertEquals(1, a.get());
+    }}
 
     /**
      * runAsync completes after running Runnable
@@ -710,7 +899,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         Noop r = new Noop();
         CompletableFuture<Void> f = CompletableFuture.runAsync(r);
         assertNull(f.join());
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, null);
     }
 
@@ -722,7 +911,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         ThreadExecutor exec = new ThreadExecutor();
         CompletableFuture<Void> f = CompletableFuture.runAsync(r, exec);
         assertNull(f.join());
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, null);
         assertEquals(1, exec.count.get());
     }
@@ -734,7 +923,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         FailingNoop r = new FailingNoop();
         CompletableFuture<Void> f = CompletableFuture.runAsync(r);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -764,7 +953,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         FailingSupplier r = new FailingSupplier();
         CompletableFuture<Integer> f = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(r);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
     }
 
     // seq completion methods
@@ -781,13 +970,13 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         g = f.thenRun(r = new Noop());
         f.complete(null);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
 
         f = new CompletableFuture<>();
         f.complete(null);
         g = f.thenRun(r = new Noop());
         checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -803,13 +992,13 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         g = f.thenRun(r = new Noop());
         f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
 
         f = new CompletableFuture<>();
         f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
         g = f.thenRun(r = new Noop());
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -924,7 +1113,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.thenAccept(r);
         f.complete(one);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -943,6 +1132,8 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
      * of sources
      */
     public void testThenCombine_normalCompletion1() {
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (boolean fFirst : new boolean[] { true, false })
         for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
         for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
         for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
@@ -950,75 +1141,25 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
         final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
         final SubtractFunction r = new SubtractFunction();
-        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.thenCombine(f, g, r);
+        CompletableFuture<Integer> h = null;
+        if (createIncomplete) h = m.thenCombine(f, g, r);
 
-        f.complete(v1);
-        checkIncomplete(h);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
-        g.complete(v2);
-
-        checkCompletedNormally(h, subtract(v1, v2));
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
-        }
-    }
-
-    public void testThenCombine_normalCompletion2() {
-        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
-        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
-        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
-
-        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        final SubtractFunction r = new SubtractFunction();
-        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.thenCombine(f, g, r);
-
-        g.complete(v2);
-        checkIncomplete(h);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
-        f.complete(v1);
-
-        checkCompletedNormally(h, subtract(v1, v2));
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
-        }
-    }
-
-    public void testThenCombine_normalCompletion3() {
-        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
-        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
-        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
-
-        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        final SubtractFunction r = new SubtractFunction();
-
-        g.complete(v2);
-        f.complete(v1);
-        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.thenCombine(f, g, r);
-
-        checkCompletedNormally(h, subtract(v1, v2));
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
-        }
-    }
-
-    public void testThenCombine_normalCompletion4() {
-        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
-        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
-        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
-
-        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        final SubtractFunction r = new SubtractFunction();
-
-        f.complete(v1);
-        g.complete(v2);
-        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.thenCombine(f, g, r);
+        if (fFirst)
+            f.complete(v1);
+        else
+            g.complete(v2);
+        if (createIncomplete) checkIncomplete(h);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        if (!fFirst)
+            f.complete(v1);
+        else
+            g.complete(v2);
+        if (!createIncomplete) h = m.thenCombine(f, g, r);
 
         checkCompletedNormally(h, subtract(v1, v2));
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1042,7 +1183,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1063,7 +1204,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1083,7 +1224,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1103,7 +1244,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1170,7 +1311,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
         checkCancelled(f);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1191,7 +1332,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
         checkCancelled(g);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1211,7 +1352,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
         checkCancelled(g);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1231,7 +1372,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
         checkCancelled(f);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1252,11 +1393,11 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         f.complete(v1);
         checkIncomplete(h);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         g.complete(v2);
 
         checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
-        assertEquals(r.value, subtract(v1, v2));
+        assertEquals(subtract(v1, v2), r.value);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
         }
@@ -1274,11 +1415,11 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         g.complete(v2);
         checkIncomplete(h);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         f.complete(v1);
 
         checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
-        assertEquals(r.value, subtract(v1, v2));
+        assertEquals(subtract(v1, v2), r.value);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
         }
@@ -1298,7 +1439,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.thenAcceptBoth(f, g, r);
 
         checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
-        assertEquals(r.value, subtract(v1, v2));
+        assertEquals(subtract(v1, v2), r.value);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
         }
@@ -1318,7 +1459,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.thenAcceptBoth(f, g, r);
 
         checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
-        assertEquals(r.value, subtract(v1, v2));
+        assertEquals(subtract(v1, v2), r.value);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
         }
@@ -1344,7 +1485,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1365,7 +1506,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1385,7 +1526,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1405,7 +1546,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1472,7 +1613,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
         checkCancelled(f);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1493,7 +1634,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
         checkCancelled(g);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1513,7 +1654,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
         checkCancelled(g);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1533,7 +1674,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
         checkCancelled(f);
-        assertFalse(r.ran());
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1554,11 +1695,11 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         f.complete(v1);
         checkIncomplete(h);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         g.complete(v2);
 
         checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
         }
@@ -1576,11 +1717,11 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         g.complete(v2);
         checkIncomplete(h);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         f.complete(v1);
 
         checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
         }
@@ -1600,7 +1741,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterBoth(f, g, r);
 
         checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
         }
@@ -1620,7 +1761,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterBoth(f, g, r);
 
         checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
         }
@@ -1646,7 +1787,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1667,7 +1808,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1687,7 +1828,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1707,7 +1848,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1774,7 +1915,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
         checkCancelled(f);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1795,7 +1936,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
         checkCancelled(g);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1815,7 +1956,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
         checkCancelled(g);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1835,7 +1976,7 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
 
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
         checkCancelled(f);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
         checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
         }
     }
@@ -1844,287 +1985,1052 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
      * applyToEither result completes normally after normal completion
      * of either source
      */
-    public void testApplyToEither() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.applyToEither(f2, inc);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-        f2.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
+    public void testApplyToEither_normalCompletion1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.applyToEither(f2, inc);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncFunction r = new IncFunction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+
+        f.complete(v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, inc(v1));
+        g.complete(v2);
+
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, inc(v1));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testApplyToEither_normalCompletion2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncFunction r = new IncFunction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+
+        g.complete(v2);
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, inc(v2));
+        f.complete(v1);
+
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, inc(v2));
+        }
+    }
+    public void testApplyToEither_normalCompletion3() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncFunction r = new IncFunction();
+
+        f.complete(v1);
+        g.complete(v2);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        assertTrue(Objects.equals(h.join(), inc(v1)) ||
+                   Objects.equals(h.join(), inc(v2)));
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * applyToEither result completes exceptionally after exceptional
      * completion of either source
      */
-    public void testApplyToEither2() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.applyToEither(f2, inc);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        f2.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+    public void testApplyToEither_exceptionalCompletion1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        g = f.applyToEither(f2, inc);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncFunction r = new IncFunction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+
+        f.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+        g.complete(v1);
+
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testApplyToEither_exceptionalCompletion2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncFunction r = new IncFunction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+
+        g.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+        f.complete(v1);
+
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testApplyToEither_exceptionalCompletion3() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncFunction r = new IncFunction();
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+
+        g.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        f.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        Integer v;
+        try {
+            assertEquals(inc(v1), h.join());
+            assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        } catch (CompletionException ok) {
+            checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+            assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testApplyToEither_exceptionalCompletion4() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncFunction r = new IncFunction();
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+
+        f.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        g.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        Integer v;
+        try {
+            assertEquals(inc(v1), h.join());
+            assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        } catch (CompletionException ok) {
+            checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+            assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * applyToEither result completes exceptionally if action does
      */
-    public void testApplyToEither3() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        FailingFunction r = new FailingFunction();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.applyToEither(f2, r);
-        f2.complete(two);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+    public void testApplyToEither_actionFailed1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final FailingFunction r = new FailingFunction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+
+        f.complete(v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h);
+        g.complete(v2);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testApplyToEither_actionFailed2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final FailingFunction r = new FailingFunction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+
+        g.complete(v2);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h);
+        f.complete(v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * applyToEither result completes exceptionally if either source cancelled
      */
-    public void testApplyToEither4() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.applyToEither(f2, inc);
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        assertTrue(f2.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
+    public void testApplyToEither_sourceCancelled1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncFunction r = new IncFunction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+
+        assertTrue(f.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+        g.complete(v1);
+
+        checkCancelled(f);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testApplyToEither_sourceCancelled2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncFunction r = new IncFunction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+
+        assertTrue(g.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+        f.complete(v1);
+
+        checkCancelled(g);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testApplyToEither_sourceCancelled3() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncFunction r = new IncFunction();
+
+        assertTrue(g.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        f.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        Integer v;
+        try {
+            assertEquals(inc(v1), h.join());
+            assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        } catch (CompletionException ok) {
+            checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+            assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+
+        checkCancelled(g);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testApplyToEither_sourceCancelled4() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncFunction r = new IncFunction();
+
+        assertTrue(f.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        g.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> h = m.applyToEither(f, g, r);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        Integer v;
+        try {
+            assertEquals(inc(v1), h.join());
+            assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        } catch (CompletionException ok) {
+            checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+            assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+
+        checkCancelled(f);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * acceptEither result completes normally after normal completion
      * of either source
      */
-    public void testAcceptEither() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        IncAction r = new IncAction();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.acceptEither(f2, r);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        f2.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertEquals(r.value, (Integer) 2);
+    public void testAcceptEither_normalCompletion1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
 
-        r = new IncAction();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.acceptEither(f2, r);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertEquals(r.value, (Integer) 2);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncAction r = new IncAction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+
+        f.complete(v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
+        assertEquals(inc(v1), r.value);
+        g.complete(v2);
+
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testAcceptEither_normalCompletion2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncAction r = new IncAction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+
+        g.complete(v2);
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
+        assertEquals(inc(v2), r.value);
+        f.complete(v1);
+
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
+        }
+    }
+    public void testAcceptEither_normalCompletion3() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncAction r = new IncAction();
+
+        f.complete(v1);
+        g.complete(v2);
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        assertTrue(Objects.equals(r.value, inc(v1)) ||
+                   Objects.equals(r.value, inc(v2)));
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * acceptEither result completes exceptionally after exceptional
      * completion of either source
      */
-    public void testAcceptEither2() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        IncAction r = new IncAction();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.acceptEither(f2, r);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        f2.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+    public void testAcceptEither_exceptionalCompletion1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
 
-        r = new IncAction();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        g = f.acceptEither(f2, r);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncAction r = new IncAction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+
+        f.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+        g.complete(v1);
+
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testAcceptEither_exceptionalCompletion2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncAction r = new IncAction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+
+        g.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+        f.complete(v1);
+
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testAcceptEither_exceptionalCompletion3() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncAction r = new IncAction();
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+
+        g.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        f.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        Integer v;
+        try {
+            assertNull(h.join());
+            assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+            assertEquals(inc(v1), r.value);
+        } catch (CompletionException ok) {
+            checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+            assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testAcceptEither_exceptionalCompletion4() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncAction r = new IncAction();
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+
+        f.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        g.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        Integer v;
+        try {
+            assertNull(h.join());
+            assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+            assertEquals(inc(v1), r.value);
+        } catch (CompletionException ok) {
+            checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+            assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * acceptEither result completes exceptionally if action does
      */
-    public void testAcceptEither3() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        FailingConsumer r = new FailingConsumer();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.acceptEither(f2, r);
-        f2.complete(two);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+    public void testAcceptEither_actionFailed1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final FailingConsumer r = new FailingConsumer();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+
+        f.complete(v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h);
+        g.complete(v2);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testAcceptEither_actionFailed2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final FailingConsumer r = new FailingConsumer();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+
+        g.complete(v2);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h);
+        f.complete(v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * acceptEither result completes exceptionally if either source cancelled
      */
-    public void testAcceptEither4() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        IncAction r = new IncAction();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.acceptEither(f2, r);
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        assertTrue(f2.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
+    public void testAcceptEither_sourceCancelled1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncAction r = new IncAction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+
+        assertTrue(f.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+        g.complete(v1);
+
+        checkCancelled(f);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testAcceptEither_sourceCancelled2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncAction r = new IncAction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+
+        assertTrue(g.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+        f.complete(v1);
+
+        checkCancelled(g);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testAcceptEither_sourceCancelled3() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncAction r = new IncAction();
+
+        assertTrue(g.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        f.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        Integer v;
+        try {
+            assertNull(h.join());
+            assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+            assertEquals(inc(v1), r.value);
+        } catch (CompletionException ok) {
+            checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+            assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+
+        checkCancelled(g);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testAcceptEither_sourceCancelled4() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final IncAction r = new IncAction();
+
+        assertTrue(f.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        g.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.acceptEither(f, g, r);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        Integer v;
+        try {
+            assertNull(h.join());
+            assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+            assertEquals(inc(v1), r.value);
+        } catch (CompletionException ok) {
+            checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+            assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+
+        checkCancelled(f);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * runAfterEither result completes normally after normal completion
      * of either source
      */
-    public void testRunAfterEither() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        Noop r = new Noop();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.runAfterEither(f2, r);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        f2.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+    public void testRunAfterEither_normalCompletion1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
 
-        r = new Noop();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.runAfterEither(f2, r);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final Noop r = new Noop();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+
+        f.complete(v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        g.complete(v2);
+
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testRunAfterEither_normalCompletion2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final Noop r = new Noop();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+
+        g.complete(v2);
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        f.complete(v1);
+
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+    }
+    public void testRunAfterEither_normalCompletion3() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final Noop r = new Noop();
+
+        f.complete(v1);
+        g.complete(v2);
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+
+        checkCompletedNormally(h, null);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * runAfterEither result completes exceptionally after exceptional
      * completion of either source
      */
-    public void testRunAfterEither2() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        Noop r = new Noop();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.runAfterEither(f2, r);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        f2.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+    public void testRunAfterEither_exceptionalCompletion1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
 
-        r = new Noop();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        g = f.runAfterEither(f2, r);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final Noop r = new Noop();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+
+        f.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+        g.complete(v1);
+
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testRunAfterEither_exceptionalCompletion2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final Noop r = new Noop();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+
+        g.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+        f.complete(v1);
+
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testRunAfterEither_exceptionalCompletion3() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final Noop r = new Noop();
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+
+        g.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        f.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        Integer v;
+        try {
+            assertNull(h.join());
+            assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        } catch (CompletionException ok) {
+            checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+            assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testRunAfterEither_exceptionalCompletion4() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final Noop r = new Noop();
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+
+        f.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        g.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        Integer v;
+        try {
+            assertNull(h.join());
+            assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        } catch (CompletionException ok) {
+            checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h, ex);
+            assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * runAfterEither result completes exceptionally if action does
      */
-    public void testRunAfterEither3() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        FailingNoop r = new FailingNoop();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.runAfterEither(f2, r);
-        f2.complete(two);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+    public void testRunAfterEither_actionFailed1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final FailingNoop r = new FailingNoop();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+
+        f.complete(v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h);
+        g.complete(v2);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testRunAfterEither_actionFailed2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+        for (Integer v2 : new Integer[] { 2, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final FailingNoop r = new FailingNoop();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+
+        g.complete(v2);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(h);
+        f.complete(v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v2);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * runAfterEither result completes exceptionally if either source cancelled
      */
-    public void testRunAfterEither4() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        Noop r = new Noop();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.runAfterEither(f2, r);
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        assertTrue(f2.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
+    public void testRunAfterEither_sourceCancelled1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final Noop r = new Noop();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+
+        assertTrue(f.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+        g.complete(v1);
+
+        checkCancelled(f);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testRunAfterEither_sourceCancelled2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final Noop r = new Noop();
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+
+        assertTrue(g.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+        f.complete(v1);
+
+        checkCancelled(g);
+        assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testRunAfterEither_sourceCancelled3() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final Noop r = new Noop();
+
+        assertTrue(g.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        f.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        Integer v;
+        try {
+            assertNull(h.join());
+            assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        } catch (CompletionException ok) {
+            checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+            assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+
+        checkCancelled(g);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void testRunAfterEither_sourceCancelled4() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final Noop r = new Noop();
+
+        assertTrue(f.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        g.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Void> h = m.runAfterEither(f, g, r);
+
+        // unspecified behavior
+        Integer v;
+        try {
+            assertNull(h.join());
+            assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        } catch (CompletionException ok) {
+            checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(h);
+            assertEquals(0, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+
+        checkCancelled(f);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * thenCompose result completes normally after normal completion of source
      */
-    public void testThenCompose() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f, g;
-        CompletableFutureInc r;
+    public void testThenCompose_normalCompletion1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.thenCompose(r = new CompletableFutureInc());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFutureInc r = new CompletableFutureInc();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.thenCompose(r);
+        f.complete(v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, inc(v1));
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        }
+    }
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        g = f.thenCompose(r = new CompletableFutureInc());
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+    public void testThenCompose_normalCompletion2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFutureInc r = new CompletableFutureInc();
+        f.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.thenCompose(r);
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, inc(v1));
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        assertEquals(1, r.invocationCount);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * thenCompose result completes exceptionally after exceptional
      * completion of source
      */
-    public void testThenCompose2() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f, g;
-        CompletableFutureInc r;
+    public void testThenCompose_exceptionalCompletion1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values()) {
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.thenCompose(r = new CompletableFutureInc());
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+        final CompletableFutureInc r = new CompletableFutureInc();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.thenCompose(r);
+        f.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
+        }
+    }
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        g = f.thenCompose(r = new CompletableFutureInc());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+    public void testThenCompose_exceptionalCompletion2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values()) {
+
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        f.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        final CompletableFutureInc r = new CompletableFutureInc();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.thenCompose(r);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * thenCompose result completes exceptionally if action does
      */
-    public void testThenCompose3() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f, g;
-        FailingCompletableFutureFunction r;
+    public void testThenCompose_actionFailed1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.thenCompose(r = new FailingCompletableFutureFunction());
-        f.complete(one);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final FailingCompletableFutureFunction r
+            = new FailingCompletableFutureFunction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.thenCompose(r);
+        f.complete(v1);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        }
+    }
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        g = f.thenCompose(r = new FailingCompletableFutureFunction());
+    public void testThenCompose_actionFailed2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        f.complete(v1);
+        final FailingCompletableFutureFunction r
+            = new FailingCompletableFutureFunction();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.thenCompose(r);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * thenCompose result completes exceptionally if source cancelled
      */
-    public void testThenCompose4() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f, g;
-        CompletableFutureInc r;
+    public void testThenCompose_sourceCancelled1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false }) {
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.thenCompose(r = new CompletableFutureInc());
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        final CompletableFutureInc r = new CompletableFutureInc();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.thenCompose(r);
+        assertTrue(f.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
+        checkCancelled(f);
+        }
+    }
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        g = f.thenCompose(r = new CompletableFutureInc());
+    public void testThenCompose_sourceCancelled2() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false }) {
+
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        assertTrue(f.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        final CompletableFutureInc r = new CompletableFutureInc();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.thenCompose(r);
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
+        checkCancelled(f);
+        }
     }
 
     // asyncs
@@ -2274,298 +3180,6 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * applyToEitherAsync result completes normally after normal
-     * completion of sources
-     */
-    public void testApplyToEitherAsync() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, inc);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, inc);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * applyToEitherAsync result completes exceptionally after exceptional
-     * completion of source
-     */
-    public void testApplyToEitherAsync2() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, inc);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, inc);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * applyToEitherAsync result completes exceptionally if action does
-     */
-    public void testApplyToEitherAsync3() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        FailingFunction r = new FailingFunction();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * applyToEitherAsync result completes exceptionally if either source cancelled
-     */
-    public void testApplyToEitherAsync4() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, inc);
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        assertTrue(f2.cancel(true));
-        g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, inc);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * acceptEitherAsync result completes normally after normal
-     * completion of sources
-     */
-    public void testAcceptEitherAsync() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        IncAction r = new IncAction();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertEquals(r.value, (Integer) 2);
-
-        r = new IncAction();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertEquals(r.value, (Integer) 2);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * acceptEitherAsync result completes exceptionally after exceptional
-     * completion of source
-     */
-    public void testAcceptEitherAsync2() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        IncAction r = new IncAction();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-
-        r = new IncAction();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * acceptEitherAsync result completes exceptionally if action does
-     */
-    public void testAcceptEitherAsync3() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        FailingConsumer r = new FailingConsumer();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * acceptEitherAsync result completes exceptionally if either
-     * source cancelled
-     */
-    public void testAcceptEitherAsync4() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        IncAction r = new IncAction();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-
-        r = new IncAction();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        assertTrue(f2.cancel(true));
-        g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * runAfterEitherAsync result completes normally after normal
-     * completion of sources
-     */
-    public void testRunAfterEitherAsync() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        Noop r = new Noop();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
-
-        r = new Noop();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * runAfterEitherAsync result completes exceptionally after exceptional
-     * completion of source
-     */
-    public void testRunAfterEitherAsync2() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        Noop r = new Noop();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-
-        r = new Noop();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * runAfterEitherAsync result completes exceptionally if action does
-     */
-    public void testRunAfterEitherAsync3() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        FailingNoop r = new FailingNoop();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * runAfterEitherAsync result completes exceptionally if either
-     * source cancelled
-     */
-    public void testRunAfterEitherAsync4() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        Noop r = new Noop();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-
-        r = new Noop();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        assertTrue(f2.cancel(true));
-        g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * thenComposeAsync result completes normally after normal
-     * completion of source
-     */
-    public void testThenComposeAsync() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f, g;
-        CompletableFutureInc r;
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.thenComposeAsync(r = new CompletableFutureInc());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        g = f.thenComposeAsync(r = new CompletableFutureInc());
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * thenComposeAsync result completes exceptionally after
-     * exceptional completion of source
-     */
-    public void testThenComposeAsync2() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f, g;
-        CompletableFutureInc r;
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.thenComposeAsync(r = new CompletableFutureInc());
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        g = f.thenComposeAsync(r = new CompletableFutureInc());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * thenComposeAsync result completes exceptionally if action does
-     */
-    public void testThenComposeAsync3() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f, g;
-        FailingCompletableFutureFunction r;
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.thenComposeAsync(r = new FailingCompletableFutureFunction());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        g = f.thenComposeAsync(r = new FailingCompletableFutureFunction());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * thenComposeAsync result completes exceptionally if source cancelled
-     */
-    public void testThenComposeAsync4() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f, g;
-        CompletableFutureInc r;
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.thenComposeAsync(r = new CompletableFutureInc());
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        g = f.thenComposeAsync(r = new CompletableFutureInc());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-    }
-
     // async with explicit executors
 
     /**
@@ -2713,268 +3327,6 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
         checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * applyToEitherAsync result completes normally after normal
-     * completion of sources
-     */
-    public void testApplyToEitherAsyncE() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, inc, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, inc, new ThreadExecutor());
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * applyToEitherAsync result completes exceptionally after exceptional
-     * completion of source
-     */
-    public void testApplyToEitherAsync2E() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, inc, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, inc, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * applyToEitherAsync result completes exceptionally if action does
-     */
-    public void testApplyToEitherAsync3E() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        FailingFunction r = new FailingFunction();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * applyToEitherAsync result completes exceptionally if either source cancelled
-     */
-    public void testApplyToEitherAsync4E() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, inc, new ThreadExecutor());
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        assertTrue(f2.cancel(true));
-        g = f.applyToEitherAsync(f2, inc, new ThreadExecutor());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * acceptEitherAsync result completes normally after normal
-     * completion of sources
-     */
-    public void testAcceptEitherAsyncE() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        IncAction r = new IncAction();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertEquals(r.value, (Integer) 2);
-
-        r = new IncAction();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertEquals(r.value, (Integer) 2);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * acceptEitherAsync result completes exceptionally after exceptional
-     * completion of source
-     */
-    public void testAcceptEitherAsync2E() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        IncAction r = new IncAction();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-
-        r = new IncAction();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * acceptEitherAsync result completes exceptionally if action does
-     */
-    public void testAcceptEitherAsync3E() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        FailingConsumer r = new FailingConsumer();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * acceptEitherAsync result completes exceptionally if either
-     * source cancelled
-     */
-    public void testAcceptEitherAsync4E() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        IncAction r = new IncAction();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-
-        r = new IncAction();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        assertTrue(f2.cancel(true));
-        g = f.acceptEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * runAfterEitherAsync result completes normally after normal
-     * completion of sources
-     */
-    public void testRunAfterEitherAsyncE() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        Noop r = new Noop();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
-
-        r = new Noop();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f.complete(one);
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, null);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * runAfterEitherAsync result completes exceptionally after exceptional
-     * completion of source
-     */
-    public void testRunAfterEitherAsync2E() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        Noop r = new Noop();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-
-        r = new Noop();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * runAfterEitherAsync result completes exceptionally if action does
-     */
-    public void testRunAfterEitherAsync3E() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        FailingNoop r = new FailingNoop();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * runAfterEitherAsync result completes exceptionally if either
-     * source cancelled
-     */
-    public void testRunAfterEitherAsync4E() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        Noop r = new Noop();
-        CompletableFuture<Void> g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-
-        r = new Noop();
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        f2 = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        assertTrue(f2.cancel(true));
-        g = f.runAfterEitherAsync(f2, r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * thenComposeAsync result completes normally after normal
-     * completion of source
-     */
-    public void testThenComposeAsyncE() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFutureInc r = new CompletableFutureInc();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.thenComposeAsync(r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * thenComposeAsync result completes exceptionally after
-     * exceptional completion of source
-     */
-    public void testThenComposeAsync2E() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFutureInc r = new CompletableFutureInc();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.thenComposeAsync(r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * thenComposeAsync result completes exceptionally if action does
-     */
-    public void testThenComposeAsync3E() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        FailingCompletableFutureFunction r = new FailingCompletableFutureFunction();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.thenComposeAsync(r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * thenComposeAsync result completes exceptionally if source cancelled
-     */
-    public void testThenComposeAsync4E() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFutureInc r = new CompletableFutureInc();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g = f.thenComposeAsync(r, new ThreadExecutor());
-        assertTrue(f.cancel(true));
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
-    }
-
     // other static methods
 
     /**
@@ -3173,221 +3525,139 @@ public class CompletableFutureTest exten
      * whenComplete action executes on normal completion, propagating
      * source result.
      */
-    public void testWhenComplete1() {
-        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g =
-            f.whenComplete((Integer x, Throwable t) -> a.getAndIncrement());
-        f.complete(three);
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, three);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, three);
-        assertEquals(a.get(), 1);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * whenComplete action executes on exceptional completion, propagating
-     * source result.
-     */
-    public void testWhenComplete2() {
-        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g =
-            f.whenComplete((Integer x, Throwable t) -> a.getAndIncrement());
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        assertTrue(f.isCompletedExceptionally());
-        assertTrue(g.isCompletedExceptionally());
-        assertEquals(a.get(), 1);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * If a whenComplete action throws an exception when triggered by
-     * a normal completion, it completes exceptionally
-     */
-    public void testWhenComplete3() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g =
-            f.whenComplete((Integer x, Throwable t) ->
-                           { throw new CFException(); } );
-        f.complete(three);
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, three);
-        assertTrue(g.isCompletedExceptionally());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * whenCompleteAsync action executes on normal completion, propagating
-     * source result.
-     */
-    public void testWhenCompleteAsync1() {
-        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g =
-            f.whenCompleteAsync((Integer x, Throwable t) -> a.getAndIncrement());
-        f.complete(three);
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, three);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, three);
-        assertEquals(a.get(), 1);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * whenCompleteAsync action executes on exceptional completion, propagating
-     * source result.
-     */
-    public void testWhenCompleteAsync2() {
-        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g =
-            f.whenCompleteAsync((Integer x, Throwable t) -> a.getAndIncrement());
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
+    public void testWhenComplete_normalCompletion1() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+    {
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        if (!createIncomplete) f.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = m.whenComplete
+            (f,
+             (Integer x, Throwable t) -> {
+                threadAssertSame(x, v1);
+                threadAssertNull(t);
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) f.complete(v1);
 
-    /**
-     * If a whenCompleteAsync action throws an exception when
-     * triggered by a normal completion, it completes exceptionally
-     */
-    public void testWhenCompleteAsync3() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g =
-            f.whenCompleteAsync((Integer x, Throwable t) ->
-                           { throw new CFException(); } );
-        f.complete(three);
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, three);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
+        checkCompletedNormally(g, v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        assertEquals(1, a.get());
+    }}
 
     /**
-     * whenCompleteAsync action executes on normal completion, propagating
+     * whenComplete action executes on exceptional completion, propagating
      * source result.
      */
-    public void testWhenCompleteAsync1e() {
-        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger();
-        ThreadExecutor exec = new ThreadExecutor();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g =
-            f.whenCompleteAsync((Integer x, Throwable t) -> a.getAndIncrement(),
-                                exec);
-        f.complete(three);
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, three);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, three);
-        assertEquals(a.get(), 1);
-    }
+    public void testWhenComplete_exceptionalCompletion() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null })
+    {
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        if (!createIncomplete) f.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = m.whenComplete
+            (f,
+             (Integer x, Throwable t) -> {
+                threadAssertNull(x);
+                threadAssertSame(t, ex);
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) f.completeExceptionally(ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
+        assertEquals(1, a.get());
+    }}
 
     /**
-     * whenCompleteAsync action executes on exceptional completion, propagating
-     * source result.
+     * whenComplete action executes on cancelled source, propagating
+     * CancellationException.
      */
-    public void testWhenCompleteAsync2e() {
-        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger();
-        ThreadExecutor exec = new ThreadExecutor();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g =
-            f.whenCompleteAsync((Integer x, Throwable t) -> a.getAndIncrement(),
-                                exec);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
+    public void testWhenComplete_sourceCancelled() {
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (boolean mayInterruptIfRunning : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+    {
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        if (!createIncomplete) assertTrue(f.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = m.whenComplete
+            (f,
+             (Integer x, Throwable t) -> {
+                threadAssertNull(x);
+                threadAssertTrue(t instanceof CancellationException);
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) assertTrue(f.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning));
 
-    /**
-     * If a whenCompleteAsync action throws an exception when triggered
-     * by a normal completion, it completes exceptionally
-     */
-    public void testWhenCompleteAsync3e() {
-        ThreadExecutor exec = new ThreadExecutor();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> g =
-            f.whenCompleteAsync((Integer x, Throwable t) ->
-                                { throw new CFException(); },
-                                exec);
-        f.complete(three);
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, three);
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g);
-    }
+        //try { g.join(); } catch (Throwable t) { throw new Error(t); }
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCancellationException(g);
+        checkCancelled(f);
+        assertEquals(1, a.get());
+    }}
 
     /**
-     * handleAsync action completes normally with function value on
-     * either normal or exceptional completion of source
+     * If a whenComplete action throws an exception when triggered by
+     * a normal completion, it completes exceptionally
      */
-    public void testHandleAsync() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f, g;
-        IntegerHandler r;
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.handleAsync(r = new IntegerHandler());
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, three);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.handleAsync(r = new IntegerHandler());
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, three);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.handleAsync(r = new IntegerHandler());
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+    public void testWhenComplete_actionFailed() {
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.handleAsync(r = new IntegerHandler());
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        final CFException ex = new CFException();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
+        if (!createIncomplete) f.complete(v1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = m.whenComplete
+            (f,
+             (Integer x, Throwable t) -> {
+                threadAssertSame(x, v1);
+                threadAssertNull(t);
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+                throw ex;
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) f.complete(v1);
+        checkCompletedNormally(f, v1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex);
+        assertEquals(1, a.get());
+        }
     }
 
     /**
-     * handleAsync action with Executor completes normally with
-     * function value on either normal or exceptional completion of
-     * source
+     * If a whenComplete action throws an exception when triggered by
+     * a source completion that also throws an exception, the source
+     * exception takes precedence.
      */
-    public void testHandleAsync2() {
-        CompletableFuture<Integer> f, g;
-        ThreadExecutor exec = new ThreadExecutor();
-        IntegerHandler r;
-
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.handleAsync(r = new IntegerHandler(), exec);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, three);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+    public void testWhenComplete_actionFailedSourceFailed() {
+        for (boolean createIncomplete : new boolean[] { true, false })
+        for (ExecutionMode m : ExecutionMode.values())
+        for (Integer v1 : new Integer[] { 1, null }) {
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.handleAsync(r = new IntegerHandler(), exec);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
-        f.completeExceptionally(new CFException());
-        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, three);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        final AtomicInteger a = new AtomicInteger(0);
+        final CFException ex1 = new CFException();
+        final CFException ex2 = new CFException();
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> f = new CompletableFuture<>();
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.handleAsync(r = new IntegerHandler(), exec);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        if (!createIncomplete) f.completeExceptionally(ex1);
+        final CompletableFuture<Integer> g = m.whenComplete
+            (f,
+             (Integer x, Throwable t) -> {
+                threadAssertSame(t, ex1);
+                threadAssertNull(x);
+                a.getAndIncrement();
+                throw ex2;
+            });
+        if (createIncomplete) f.completeExceptionally(ex1);
 
-        f = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        g = f.handleAsync(r = new IntegerHandler(), exec);
-        assertFalse(r.ran);
-        f.complete(one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(f, one);
-        checkCompletedNormally(g, two);
-        assertTrue(r.ran);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(f, ex1);
+        checkCompletedWithWrappedCFException(g, ex1);
+        assertEquals(1, a.get());
+        }
     }
 
 }